[Properties of the HBsAg gene expression product in yeast cells]. / Svoistva produkta ékspressii gena HBsAg v kletkakh drozhzhei.

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae DBY 746/pNMVG-20 strain produces HBsAg similar in its properties to HBsAg from hepatitis B patients' plasma. The paper analyses variants of extraction of HBsAg from yeast cells, presents data on immunogenic potency of yeast HBsAg in mice, and describes gel filtration of yeast extracts containing HBsAg.

[Detection of the DNA of the hepatitis B virus by molecular hybridization in HBsAg carriers and anemia patients]. / Obnaruzhenie DNK virus gepatita B metodom molekuliarnoi gibridizatsii u HBs-antigenonositelei i bol'nykh anemiiami.

The method of molecular hybridization using cloned DNA of hepatitis B virus as a probe demonstrated the presence of virus-specific DNAs in sera of former blood donors, HBsAg carriers. Among HBsAg-positive patients with anemias, hepatitis B virus DNA was detected in half of the examined subjects which in all cases was accompanied by the presence of HBeAg in their blood.

[Human and animal Hong Kong series influenza viruses]. / Virusy grippa gonkongskogo riada cheloveka i zhivotnykh.

Investigation of influenza viruses isolated from man and animals and having hemagglutinin of the H3 subtype according to the new nomenclature (H3, Heq2 and Hav7 according to the old nomenclature) by serological methods (including the use of monoclonal antibody) and oligopeptide mapping showed that many animal isolates reflected an antigenic drift of the Hong Kong virus series which has been going on since 1968 until now. At the same time a number of isolates represent precursors of viruses of the Hong Kong series circulating among the human population. It is suggested that this is not the first time that viruses of the Hong Kong series have been introduced into the human population.

[Purification and study of influenza virus neuraminidases]. / Ochistka i izuchenie neiraminidaz virusa grippa.

Purified preparations of polypeptides of neuraminidases of 10 influenza A virus strains were obtained by two-dimensional electrophoresis of proteins in polyacrylamide gel in which proteins with intact disulphid bonds were used for phoresis in the first direction and those with destroyed disulphid bonds for phoresis in the second direction. Fractionation of tryptic tyrosinil-peptides of neuraminidases labeled in vitro with radioactive iodine was carried out by two-dimensional dispersal by means of electrophoresis and chromatography. Comparison of oligopeptide maps of neuraminidases gave both expected results (for some specimens, correlation of similarities in peptide maps with similar antigenic structure) and some unexpected findings.

[Protein oligopeptides of 2 animal influenza viruses]. / Oligopeptidy belkov dvukh virusov grippa zhivotnykh.

Investigations of oligopeptide maps of proteins of A/tern/South Africa (Hav5Nav1) and A/whale/Pacific/19/76 (Ho-1Nav2) viruses allowed to classify both viruses by hemagglutinins in the drift-series Hswl-H0-H1. The whale virus hemagglutinin was similar to that of PR8 virus which had circulated in the human population between 1934 and 1940.

[Oligopeptide mapping of the antigenic drift of influenza virus hemagglutinins]. / Oligopeptidnoe kartirovanie antigennogo dreifa gemaggliutininov virusa grippa.

Drift variants of influenza viruses of the groups Hsw1, H0 and H1 including the A/USSR/77 (H1N1) virus. Major subunits of Hsw1, H0, and H1 hemagglutinins having common oligopeptides differ considerably in other oligopeptides. Within the H1 antigen viruses there are differences between the viruses of the early (1947), middle (1950--1952), and late (1956) periods of circulation. The latter (1956) differ markedly from their predessessors. The A/USSR/77 virus is most close to A/Fort Warren/50 virus. Oligopeptide maps of minor hemagglutinin subunits of all the viruses under study differ little from each other. Some suggestions on the causes of the great variability of the HA1 chain and conservatism of the HA2 hemagglutinin chain are given.

[Ribonucleic acids and proteins of influenza A/USSR/90/77 viruses]. / Ribonukleinovye kisloty i belki virusov grippa A/SSSR/90/77.

The "return" of influenza A (HINI) virus after 20 years of absence raised the question of the sources and mechanisms of emergence of epidemic influenza viruses and, particularly, of a new HINI virus (A/USSR/90/77). Two alternative hypotheses answer this question differently: the new HINI virus is the progeny of old HINI viruses retained in the human population or is a newly arising recombinant between numerous human and animal influenza viruses circulation in the biosphere. For the acceptance of one or the other hypothesis further accumulation of facts is required and, first of all, comparative investigations of RNAs and proteins of various influenza viruses. This paper presents the results of comparative studies of RNAs and proteins of old and new influenza A (HINI) viruses.

[Antigenic and biochemical analysis of the proteins of influenza virus A/USSR/Alma-Ata/13/81 with hemagglutinin H1]. / Antigennyi i biokhimicheskii analiz belkov virusa grippa A/USSR/Alma-Ata/13/81 s gemaggliutininom H1.

An influenza A virus whose hemagglutinin belongs to subtype H1 (serovariant WS/33) and neuraminidase to subtypes N1 (serovariant A/PR8/34) N3 was isolated by a method of aborted infection in chick embryos in virological examinations of the lungs and trachea of a 3-month-old infant who died of acute respiratory virus disease during a seasonal rise of ARD incidence in Alma-Ata, the Kazakh SSR, in 1981. The oligopeptide composition of nucleoprotein protein and glycoproteins of the isolate differed from that of the corresponding proteins of the reference serovariants. The electrophoretic analysis of the isolate polypeptides revealed neuraminidase with molecular weight about 70 kD which is unlike the findings with previously known strains. The original structure of the influenza A/USSR, Alma-Ata/13/81 virus proteins rules out the likelihood of laboratory contamination.

[Variability of hemagglutinin and nucleoprotein proteins in the "Spanish" series of influenza viruses]. / Izmechivost' belkov gemagglutinina i nukleoproteida u virusov grippa "ispanskogo" riada.

Oligopeptide mapping and immunological methods were used to study influenza viruses of the evolutionary series Hsw1-H0-H1 isolated from man and animals. Among the animal viruses some possess hemagglutinins similar to those observed in the viruses isolated from man, while some viruses differ from them. These are assumed to be precursors of the viruses of "Spanish" influenza retained in animals. Variability of the nucleoprotein protein in the viruses under study was observed.

[The use of micromycetes for cleaning parts of aircraft]. / Ispol'zovanie mikromitsetov dlia udaleniia zagriaznenii s detalei aviatsionnoi tekhniki.

The mycelial Fungi Penicillium funiculosum, P. citrinum, P. expansum, P. chrysogenum, Aspergillus ochraceus, A. alliaceus, A. luchaensis, A. flavus, and A. niger were isolated from enrichment cultures. These fungi actively destruct carbon deposits formed during exploitation of aircraft. A biotechnological method for removing fouling from parts of aircraft engines (PAE) was developed. This method is less laborious, more rapid and ecologically clean than contemporary chemical methods. Scanning microscopy was suggested to use for estimating the degree of decarbonization of PAE surfaces.