RESUMO
This study aimed to identify seminal Corynebacterium strains in infertile men with and without leucocytospermia. Semen samples from 60 infertile men were allocated into two equal groups: semen samples with leucocytospermia and semen samples without leucocytospermia. Semen culture for Corynebacterium species was carried out on Columbia agar medium confirmed by Gram-stained film and biochemical tests followed by analytical profile index biotyping and antibiotic susceptibility. Bacterial isolates were detected in 20/60 semen cultures (33.3%) as Corynebacteria, Staphylococci, Alpha haemolytic streptococci and E. coli. In all, 12/60 (20%) had Corynebacterium positive semen culture, whereas C. seminal was the major isolated species followed by C. amycolatum, C. jekium and C. urealyticum. There was nonsignificant difference between patients with/without Corynebacterium positive culture regarding sperm concentration and normal sperm morphology; however, in positive cultures sperm motility was significantly lower compared with negative cultures. Antimicrobial sensitivity among Corynebacteria strains was highest for vancomycin, rifampicin then imipenem, ampicillin + sulbactam, ciprofloxacin. It is concluded that positive semen cultures for different Corynebacteria species were demonstrated in infertile men, whereas Corynebacterium seminale was the most common isolated species. Vancomycin, rifampicin then imipenem and ampicillin + sulbactam are recommended as sensitive antibiotics.
Assuntos
Corynebacterium/isolamento & purificação , Infertilidade Masculina/microbiologia , Sêmen/microbiologia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Infertilidade Masculina/etiologia , Masculino , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Adulto JovemRESUMO
There are gaps in the knowledge about the burden of severe respiratory disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). This literature review was therefore conducted to describe the burden of epidemicand pandemic-prone acute respiratory infections (ARI) in the Region which may help in the development of evidence-based disease prevention and control policies. Relevant published and unpublished reports were identified from searches of various databases; 83 documents fulfilled the search criteria. The infections identified included: ARI, avian influenza A(H5N1), influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection. Pneumonia and ARIs were leading causes of disease and death in the Region. Influenza A(H1N1) was an important cause of morbidity during the 2009 pandemic. This review provides a descriptive summary of the burden of acute respiratory diseases in the Region, but there still remains a lack of necessary data.
Assuntos
Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Organização Mundial da Saúde , Doença Aguda , Surtos de Doenças , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/isolamento & purificação , Virus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N1/isolamento & purificação , Região do Mediterrâneo/epidemiologia , Coronavírus da Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
A literature review of publically available information was undertaken to summarize current understanding and gaps in knowledge about Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), including its origin, transmission, effective control measures and management. Major databases were searched and relevant published papers and reports during 2012-2015 were reviewed. Of the 2520 publications initially retrieved, 164 were deemed relevant. The collected results suggest that much remains to be discovered about MERS-CoV. Improved surveillance, epidemiological research and development of new therapies and vaccines are important, and the momentum of recent gains in terms of better understanding of disease patterns should be maintained to enable the global community to answer the remaining questions about this disease.
Assuntos
Infecções por Coronavirus , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Coronavírus da Síndrome Respiratória do Oriente Médio , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , HumanosRESUMO
The CAG repeat and its association with infertility has been debatable. Therefore, this study was planned to assess the distribution of CAG repeat expansion in Egyptian patients and to investigate its association with male infertility. Forty-five infertile men were eligible for the study in addition to 20 aged-matched fertile males as control. Semen analysis, scrotal sonography, assay of serum testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH), and determination of the CAG repeat number within exon 1 of the androgen receptor (AR) gene were carried out. Statistically significant difference was found between infertile and control groups regarding sperm count, sperm motility, serum FSH level and CAG repeats (P < 0.05); statistically insignificant difference for the CAG repeats (P = 1.0) was found between oligozoospermic and asthenospermic groups; negative correlation was found between CAG repeat length and sperm count, and a positive correlation was found between CAG repeat length and serum FSH (P < 0.05). Our results validate the concept that long stretches of CAG repeat may be associated with lower AR function with derangement of sperm production, and this may contribute to male infertility in Egyptian men.
Assuntos
Infertilidade Masculina/genética , Receptores Androgênicos/genética , Expansão das Repetições de Trinucleotídeos , Adulto , Astenozoospermia/genética , Astenozoospermia/patologia , Astenozoospermia/fisiopatologia , Sequência de Bases , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Primers do DNA/genética , Egito , Éxons , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/sangue , Humanos , Infertilidade Masculina/patologia , Infertilidade Masculina/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oligospermia/genética , Oligospermia/patologia , Oligospermia/fisiopatologia , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides/genéticaRESUMO
Phosphodiestrase-5 inhibitors are an important line of treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED). To detect the clinical and hemodynamic predictors of sildenafil response, we conducted this study on 124 Egyptian men with ED. All patients were evaluated by thorough history and clinical assessment with measurement of the abridged international index of erectile function-5 (IIEF-5) score. All patients were then subjected to intracavernosal injection (ICI) of trimix and pharmaco-penile duplex ultrasonography (PPDU). Patients were then classified into sildenafil responders and non-responders after six consecutive doses of 100 mg sildenafil. On doing the binary logistic stepwise regression analysis, only ED duration, IIEF-5 score, and response to ICI were the significant independent predictors of sildenafil response. These three parameters together correctly predicted the sildenafil response by 81.5% (p value <0.001). With the receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, the cut-off value of ED duration was 2.5 years and it was 14 for the IIEF-5 score. These findings indicate that ED duration, the IIEF-5 score and response to ICI are more significant predictors of sildenafil response than the more expensive and time-consuming PPDU testing.
Assuntos
Hemodinâmica/efeitos dos fármacos , Pênis/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores da Fosfodiesterase 5/farmacologia , Citrato de Sildenafila/farmacologia , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pênis/irrigação sanguíneaRESUMO
AIM: To evaluate the effects of Lichtenstein tension-free inguinal hernioplasty on sexual function and generic quality of life, testicular volume, and perfusion. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective study, testicular volume, testicular perfusion, sexual function, generic quality of life, chronic inguinal pain, and groin sepsis were investigated before and 3 and 9 months after surgical hernia repair. RESULTS: Forty male patients completed this study. No differences in testicular volume or in peak systolic velocity were observed between the hernia and healthy sides of the body (P > 0.05). Preoperatively, there was a significantly higher end diastolic velocity (P < 0.04) and resistive index (P < 0.001) on the hernia side compared with the normal side; these elevations returned to normal postoperatively. Three months postoperative, the studied sexual function domains, except orgasm domain, and total sexual score presented significant improvement (P(s) < 0.05 and 0.001 respectively). By the end of the study, the mean total sexual score and the number of patients with enhanced total score had showed further clinical progress. The total generic quality-of-life score, general health perception and physical function, vitality, and social domains were statistically recovered at 3 months postoperative (P < 0.05), with further improvement in total score at 9 months. Two patients developed superficial groin sepsis, and seven (17.5%) experienced chronic inguinal pain. CONCLUSION: Inguinal hernia impaired testicular perfusion that improved postoperatively. Lichtenstein tension-free hernioplasty improved sexual function and generic quality of life without adverse mesh effects on testicular volume or perfusion.