[A recurrent case of adult favus successfully treated with terbinafine]. / Terbinafi n ile basarili olarak tedavi edilen bir eriskin nüks favus olgusu.

Favus or tinea capitis favosa, is a chronic inflammatory dermatophytosis of the scalp. The disease is particularly common in children aged 6 to 10 years, more often in boys, and it also occurs in adults. Human-to-human transmission is therefore possible. Anthropophilic Trichophyton schöenleinii is responsible for over 95% of favus cases. In addition, there are rare cases of anthropophilic T.violaceum, zoophilic (T.verrucosum, T.quinckeanum, and Microsporum canis) and geophilic M.gypseum species recorded as agents of favus. It is also reported in mice (T.quinckeanum), poultry (M.gallinae), and cats (M.incurvatum). Favus is common in Iran, Nigeria, and China, however it has been reported rarely in the last two decades in Turkey. Although Turkish records are not sufficient to indicate an accurate incidence rate, favus is still present in Turkey. In this report, a 20-year-old female with favus was presented. She had squames and areas of alopecia on the right frontoparietal area of her scalp. Scalp biopsy and hair follicle samples were taken for histopathological examination and fungal culture. According to the conventional identification by mycological methods and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing analysis, the pathogen was identified as T.schöenleinii. The patient was treated with oral terbinafine (250 mg/day) for 4 weeks and topical isoconazole and ketoconazole for 6 weeks. Clinical recovery was observed after 6 weeks, however, fungal culture could not be repeated. Six months after the initial presentation, the patient's symptoms recurred due to the poor adherence and T.schöenleinii was repeatedly grown in culture. Antifungal treatment was administered with the same drugs for the same period. There was a clinical and mycological recovery 8 months after initial presentation. Favus, which is not frequently observed in adults, is an uncommon disease. Confusion arises in its diagnosis because other diseases have similar clinical appearances, and asymptomatic carriage have also been reported. For these reasons, and because of improvements in health conditions, treatment might be delayed. With accurate assessment of the patient's medical history, the clinical characteristics of the disease, and results of laboratory analyses, coupled with effective mycologist-clinician collaboration, it is possible for the patient to continue a healthy social life. Consequently, favus is still an important health problem encountered in Turkey.

[Spinal cord stimulation in 62 patients: Retrospective evaluation]. / Spinal kord stimülasyonu uygulanan 62 hastanin retrospektif degerlendirilmesi.

OBJECTIVES: Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is used for various indications such as Failed Back Surgey Syndrome, peripheral causalgia, neuropathic pain, complex regional pain syndrome, reflex sympathetic dystrophy, peripheral vascular disease, ischemic heart disease and cancer pain. METHODS: This is a retrospective study. 62 patients applied SCS were included in retrospective study from february 2011-january 2015 in Akdeniz University medicine faculty algology department. We asked about patients' VAS values before and after procedure, analgesic medicine usings, sleep disorders, pleasure after procedure, daily activity improvement and time of going back to work. RESULTS: We found that decrease on the patients' pain severity and improvement on quality of sleep and daily activities. CONCLUSION: As a result; our study and the other studies show that SCS is reliable and effective procedure on chronic pain management.

Replacement of Soybean Meal with Animal Origin Protein Meals Improved Ramoplanin A2 Production by Actinoplanes sp. ATCC 33076.

Ramoplanin A2 is the last resort antibiotic for treatment of many high morbidity- and mortality-rated hospital infections, and it is expected to be marketed in the forthcoming years. Therefore, high-yield production of ramoplanin A2 gains importance. In this study, meat-bone meal, poultry meal, and fish meal were used instead of soybean meal for ramoplanin A2 production by Actinoplanes sp. ATCC 33076. All animal origin nitrogen sources stimulated specific productivity. Ramoplanin A2 levels were determined as 406.805 mg L(-1) in fish meal medium and 374.218 mg L(-1) in poultry meal medium. These levels were 4.25- and 4.09-fold of basal medium, respectively. However, the total yield of poultry meal was higher than that of fish meal, which is also low-priced. In addition, the variations in pH levels, protein levels, reducing sugar levels, extracellular protease, amylase and lipase activities, and intracellular free amino acid levels were monitored during the incubation period. The correlations between ramoplanin production and these variables with respect to the incubation period were determined. The intracellular levels of L-Phe, D-Orn, and L-Leu were found critical for ramoplanin A2 production. The strategy of using animal origin nitrogen sources can be applied for large-scale ramoplanin A2 production.