Vulnerability in Children with Celiac Disease: Findings from a Scoping Review.

(1) Background: The scientific literature highlights that children diagnosed with celiac disease (CD) are at a heightened risk of experiencing physical, psychological, and social challenges, impacting their overall healthy childhood development. However, there remains a lack of a clear understanding regarding the factors that contribute to this vulnerability. The purpose of this study is to analyze and map the evidence on the sociopsychosomatic vulnerability of these children and identify gaps in this topic. (2) Methods: Following Joanna Briggs Institute's guidelines for scoping reviews, we executed a detailed search of key electronic databases and explored the grey literature to capture a broad spectrum of studies. Our focus was on identifying research that looked into the multiple dimensions of vulnerability-physical, psychological, and social-in children with CD. We included a diverse range of study designs as well as systematic reviews, ensuring a comprehensive analysis. The selection process was stringent, utilizing clearly defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. (3) Results: We identified 61 studies that met our inclusion criteria. The review highlighted significant adverse health outcomes in children with CD and elucidated various individual and environmental determinants that influenced these vulnerabilities. It also underscored the lack of assessment tools to evaluate the risk of health problems in this population. (4) Conclusions: The findings underscore a critical need for further research to deepen our understanding of the vulnerabilities associated with CD in children. Developing targeted assessment tools will be crucial in stratifying health risks and enhancing care strategies for this vulnerable population.

Vulnerability in Children with Celiac Disease: A Scoping Review Protocol.

(1) Background: The scientific literature reports that children with celiac disease (CD) are more susceptible to developing physical, psychological and social problems, conditioning their healthy childhood development. Despite this scientific evidence, the knowledge about determinants of vulnerability for the development of such problems is not consistent. In order to search the literature, a scoping review was conducted to analyse and map the evidence on the sociopsychosomatic vulnerability of children with CD and identify the gaps in this topic. (2) Methods: The methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute will be adopted and aims to identify studies that meet pre-defined eligibility criteria. The survey will include a range of relevant electronic databases as well as grey literature using related terms such as vulnerability, child and celiac disease. (3) Results: This review will consider any type of quantitative, qualitative and mixed studies and systematic reviews, focusing on dimensions of vulnerability in children with CD. The process of selection of studies, data extraction and analysis will be developed by two independent researchers. A third and fourth researcher will be involved in the study when there is no consensus between the previous researchers, as well as for resolving issues regarding the methodological process. (4) Conclusions: Identifying the determinants of vulnerability in children with CD will help nurses to understand the impact on their childhood development and trace possible gaps. This research is registered on the platform Open Science Framework (OSF).

Promotion of Self-Management of Chronic Disease in Children and Teenagers: Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: The scientific literature describes that self-management of chronic illness leads to improved health outcomes. Knowledge about interventions that promote self-management behaviors in children and teenagers has been poorly clarified. This study aims to map, in the scientific literature, the nature and extent of interventions that promote self-management of chronic disease, implemented and evaluated in contexts of health care provided to children and teenagers. METHODS: The guidelines proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute were followed. The survey was conducted in June 2021, with access to international databases and gray literature, in Portuguese, English, French, and Spanish. RESULTS: Interventions that promote self-management of children and teenagers can be developed through a local contact or through technological means of support for health care. The use of online supports, such as applications or communication platforms, should be parameterized with health professionals, according to the needs of users. CONCLUSIONS: The acquisition of self-management skills in pediatrics is a process supported by the family, health professionals and the community, in which the nurse, in partnership, can promote communication and health education through cognitive strategies, behavioral programs included in physical or online programs, adjusted to the patients' needs.

Child's food consumption and physical exercise: Results from a Portuguese descriptive study.

AIMS: To describe food consumption in Portuguese primary school children, to analyze the influence of food consumption on the body mass index (BMI), and to analyze the relationship between physical exercise and the child's food consumption. METHOD: A quantitative, descriptive, exploratory, and cross-sectional study was conducted in 2 primary schools of the north of Portugal (n = 109 child). The use of a food register for 5 consecutive days and anthropometric evaluation of the children were used. RESULTS: The vast majority of children had a normal weight (65.10%). However, 34.90% of the children presented significant changes in their BMI (14.70% with low weight, 11.90% overweight, and 8.30% with obesity). Children who engage in physical activity drink more water and consume less sugary products. However, they also consume less meat, fish, and eggs than those who do not perform regular physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the emergence of new problems, such as the increasing prevalence of underweight children. The prevention of these problems, overweight, or underweight children, should be addressed among healthcare providers, local authorities, families, and teachers.

Revisão integrativa sobre instrumentos de avaliação de consumo alimentar em crianças em idade escolar / Integrative review on dietary assessment instruments in school-age children / Revisión integrativa sobre instrumentos de evaluación de consumo alimentario para niños en edad escolar

A informação sobre o consumo alimentar de uma população permite identificar os sujeitos que se encontram em risco nutricional. O presente estudo teve como objetivos identificar e analisar instrumentos existentes para avaliação do consumo alimentar em crianças em idade escolar. Realizou-se revisão integrativa no período entre 2010 e 2016. Para a análise, segundo os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos, foram selecionados nove artigos. Estes permitiram organizar os resultados em duas áreas temáticas: Instrumentos de avaliação de consumo alimentar, e Limitações da utilização dos instrumentos. O instrumento mais frequentemente utilizado foi o recordatório de 24 horas. Os resultados revelam a necessidade de instrumentos mais abrangentes que permitam fazer face às limitações dos atuais instrumentos em uso (AU).

Information on a population's dietary intake enables the identification of individuals who are at nutritional risk. The objective of the present study was to identify and analyze existing dietary assessment instruments in school-age children. An integrative review was carried out from 2010 to 2016. For analysis, nine articles were selected according to established inclusion criteria. These enabled the organization of the results into two thematic areas: dietary assessment instruments and limitations in the use of instruments. The most used instrument was the 24-hour dietary recall. The results showed the need for more comprehensive instruments in order to deal with limitations of current instruments in use (AU).

La información sobre el consumo alimentario de una población permite identificar a los sujetos que se encuentran en riesgo nutricional. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivos identificar y analizar instrumentos existentes para evaluación del consumo alimentario de niños en edad escolar. Se realizó revisión integrativa en el período entre 2010 y 2016. Para el análisis, según los criterios de inclusión establecidos. Fueron seleccionados nueve artículos. Los mismos permitieron organizar los resultados en dos áreas temáticas: Instrumentos de evaluación de consumo alimentario y Limitaciones a la utilización de los instrumentos. El instrumento utilizado más frecuentemente fue el recordatorio de 24 horas. Los resultados expresan la necesidad de instrumentos más inclusivos que permitan enfrentar las limitaciones de los instrumentos actualmente en uso (AU).