Ossiculoplasty with hydroxyapatite bone cement: our reconstruction philosophy.

The main objective of this study is to analyze results obtained with hydroxyapatite bone cement (HABC) ossiculoplasties. This is a retrospective study of a case series. This study was conducted in an academic hospital and tertiary referral center. A total of 127 ossiculoplasties using HABC were evaluated. Ears were divided into three groups according to procedure: group 1 involved reinforcement of the incudostapedial joint with cement and reconstruction of an incus long process defect with cement. Group 2 involved partial ossicular reconstruction between the stapes and malleus handle with HABC. Group 3 was divided into two subgroups. Group 3B entailed reconstruction of the stapes with a mobile footplate (Austin-Kartush type B = group 3B) and group 3F with a fixed footplate (Austin-Kartush type F = group 3F) using a K-Helix piston (Grace Medical, Memphis, TN, USA) or a classical titanium piston (Kurz, Fuerth, Germany) glued to the incus remnant or malleus handle with cement. Anatomical and pre- and postoperative audiological results were assessed. The mean follow-up was 26 ± 14 months. Percentages of average postoperative air-bone gap ≤ 20 dB were 95, 82.5, 50 and 83.3%, and for air-bone gap ≤ 1 0 dB, 80, 50.9, 16.6 and 50% for groups 1, 2, 3B and 3F, respectively. No complications related to the cement or extrusion occurred. Hearing outcomes also remained stable over time. In our experience, ossiculoplasty with cement provides good and stable functional results, is safe, cost effective, and easy to use. HABC with or without biocompatible ossicular prostheses allows repair of different types of ossicular defects with preservation of the anatomical and physiological ossicular chain, as well as improved stability. Reconstruction of the incus long process or incudostapedial joint defect with cement is preferred over partial ossicular reconstruction.

Poliarterite nodosa e osteonecrose em paciente feminino como afecção rara em atenção primária à saúde / Nodosa polyarteritis and osteonecrosis in a female patient as a rare condition in primary health care

A poliartrite nodosa (PAN) faz parte de um grupo de patologias autoimunes caracterizadas pela vasculite. Quando associada à osteonecrose, tal comorbidade torna-se ainda mais rara, sendo mais comum em indivíduos do sexo masculino e com manifestações clínicas variadas. O presente estudo trata-se de um relato de caso de uma paciente de 40 anos do sexo feminino que apresentou PAN, a qual se agravou desenvolvendo osteonecrose na articulação coxofemoral bilateral. O tratamento por meio da terapia com corticoides associados a ciclofosfamida, apesar de necessitar monitorização frequente, tem se mostrado eficaz na redução do impacto da morbidade sobre o bem estar do paciente. O quadro apresenta um prognóstico complexo e de difícil reconhecimento visto sua raridade, sintomatologia variada e diagnóstico histopatológico.

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is part of a group of autoimmune disorders characterized by vasculitis. When associated with osteonecrosis, such comorbidity becomes even rarer, being more common in males. Its clinical manifestations are varied. The present study is a case report of a 40-year-old female patient who presented with PAN, which was aggravated by developing osteonecrosis on the bilateral hip joint. Treatment with corticosteroid therapy associated with cyclophosphamide, despite requiring frequent monitoring, has been shown to be effective in reducing the impact of morbidity on patient's well-being. The condition has a complex prognosis and is difficult to recognize due to its rarity, varied symptoms, and histopathological diagnosis.