Measurement of the Direct CP Asymmetry in B¯â†’X(s+dγ) Decays with a Lepton Tag.

We report the measurement of the direct CP asymmetry in the radiative B¯â†’X(s+dγ) decay using a data sample of (772 ± 11)×10(6) BB[over ¯] pairs collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. The CP asymmetry is measured as a function of the photon energy threshold. For Eγ*≥2.1 GeV, where Eγ* is the photon energy in the center-of-mass frame, we obtain A(CP)(B¯â†’X(s+dγ))=(2.2±3.9±0.9)%, consistent with the standard model prediction.

Search for the dark photon and the dark Higgs boson at belle.

The dark photon A^{'} and the dark Higgs boson h^{'} are hypothetical constituents featured in a number of recently proposed dark sector models. Assuming prompt decays of both dark particles, we search for their production in the so-called Higgstrahlung channel e^{+}e^{-}→A^{'}h^{'}, with h^{'}→A^{'}A^{'}. We investigate ten exclusive final states with A^{'}→e^{+}e^{-}, µ^{+}µ^{-}, or π^{+}π^{-} in the mass ranges 0.1 GeV/c^{2}

Azotemia in cattle.

Blood biochemical studies were performed on 21 azotemic cattle with various disease conditions. The cattle were greater than or equal to 4 months old. Blood urea nitrogen concentrations ranged from 41 to 346 mg/dl. The azotemia was determined to be of prerenal origin in 10 cattle and of renal or postrenal origin in 11 cattle. The most consistent biochemical finding was that of hypochloremia. Sixteen cattle had lower than normal concentrations of serum calcium, and 15 had serum inorganic phosphorus concentrations greater than normal. In 17 cattle, the serum concentration of inorganic phosphorus was greater than that of calcium. Plasma sodium content was lower than normal in 9 of the 21 cattle, and plasma potassium concentrations were quite variable. Most of the cattle tended to maintain a normal acid-base status or had metabolic alkalosis. It was concluded that evaluation of biochemical data does not make it possible to determine whether azotemia is prerenal, renal, or postrenal in origin.

Maternal and perinatal deaths in an Addis Ababa Hospital, 1980.

PIP: This paper presents data on perinatal and maternal deaths occurring in the Black Lion Hospital, Addis Ababa, in 1980. The data were collected by a research midwife. A total of 3936 infants were delivered to 3868 women during this period. The stillbirth rate was 52.6/1000; the perinatal mortality rate was 8.6/1000; and the maternal mortality rate was 7.8/1000. Of the 207 stillbirths 92 (44.5%) were unexplained, 66 (31.9%) were due to mechanical causes (e.g., ruptured uterus, cord prolapse, obstructed labor), 34 (26.4%) resulted from pregnancy complications (e.g., hemorrhage,hypertensive disease, congenital abnormalities), and 15 (7.3%) were due to intrapartum death. There was no obvious pathology in 38 of the 84 neonatal deaths. The remaining cases were due to conditions such as intrapartum asphyxia, antepartum hemorrhage, septicemia, and congenital abnormalities. 10 of these death involved preventable factors. Of the 30 maternal deaths, 13 were due to sepsis, 9 to hemorrhage, 4 to surgical conditions, 3 to medical conditions, and 1 to eclampsia. Inadequate monitoring of shocked patients and the nonavailability of blood tranfusions contributed to some of these deaths. Although socioeconomic and cultural factors play a role in perinatal and maternal mortality, coordinated maternity services could produce short-term improvements. Such maternity services should embrace both primary care, with an emphasis on the training of traditional birth attendants and health assistants, and high-risk hospital care. Good prenatal care and monitoring can identify women at high risk and ensure that they receive adequate medical supervision.^ieng

Municipal community obstetrics in a developing country.

PIP: In 1971 the maternity care delivery system in Salisbury, Zimbabwe was reorganized. Prior to that time, all maternity services were provided by the Harare Maternity Hospital but the facility was not able to adequately meet the needs of the community. In 1970 the problem was studied and a design for a new system was adopted. This system was described and the system's service statistics for 1973-1977 were provided. Under the new system 7 minicipal maternity units were established in different parts of the city. These units provide prenatal, delivery, and postnatal care for all low risk pregnancy cases in the community. The units are staffed by 3 sisters trained in general nursing and midwifery, 6 midwifery assistants, and 3 maids. Patients at these units receive highly personalized services. Pregnant women in the community initially present at the municipal unit in their area. The patient is screened and if judged to be a high risk case the patient is transferred on to the Harare Maternity Hospital. Efforts are made to promote cooperation between the personnel in the units and the personnel at the hospital and to provide continuing education for personnel at all levels. The system is functioning well and both the patients and the service providers are satisfied with the new arrangement. In 1977, 8949 deliveries were performed at the hospital and 9386 at the municipal units. The stillbirth rate/1000 live births was 54.5 among hospital patients and 2.0 among municipal unit patients. The perinatal mortality rate/1000 live births was 88.6 among hospital delivered infants and 6.1 among municipal unit delivered infants. Prenatal clinic attendances increased from 61,758 in 1973 to 113,899 in 1977.^ieng