Hypoglycemia after Mitral Valve Repair in Dogs.

Hypoglycemia has not been previously reported as a postoperative complication of mitral valve repair (MVR) in dogs; however, the authors have encountered cases of hypoglycemia after MVR. This study aimed to determine the incidence of hypoglycemia in dogs after MVR and investigate its causes. Blood glucose levels were measured at multiple timepoints in dogs undergoing MVR. Simultaneously, insulin and glucagon blood concentrations in dogs with hypoglycemia preoperatively and postoperatively were compared to verify the physiological responses to hypoglycemia. Furthermore, risk factors for hypoglycemia, using variables selected based on the characteristics of MVR and dogs undergoing MVR, were examined prospectively. The incidence of hypoglycemia after MVR was 14.2%, and plasma glucagon concentrations increased in these dogs (mean: 260 pg/mL and 644 pg/mL pre- and postoperatively, p < 0.001), whereas serum insulin concentrations decreased (median: 0.50 ng/mL and 0.29 ng/mL pre- and postoperatively, p = 0.002). Therefore, hyperinsulinemia or hypoglucagonemia is unlikely to be the cause of postoperative hypoglycemia. The identified risk factors for hypoglycemia included low body weight and asymptomatic myxomatous mitral valve disease. Monitoring blood glucose levels after MVR should be included in the standard hospitalization plan to prevent hypoglycemic emergencies in dogs.

Long-term survival of a feline with non-T/B large granular lymphocyte lymphoma treated with chemotherapy and activated lymphocyte therapy.

Background: Feline large granular lymphocyte lymphoma (LGLL) is a grave prognosis. However, the effectiveness of concurrent treatment with chemotherapy and activated lymphocyte therapy for feline LGLL has not been evaluated. Case Description: A 7-year-old, castrated male, domestic cat presented with gastrointestinal symptoms and an abdominal mass. A Tru-Cut biopsy of the mass revealed LGLL. The cat responded well to chemotherapy regimens of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone, and L-asparaginase. Furthermore, activated lymphocyte therapy was added as an adjuvant treatment. The cat survived 982 days from the first presentation and experienced few adverse events. Necropsy was performed and immunohistochemistry revealed that the neoplastic lymphocytes were CD3-/CD20- cells. The final diagnosis was non-T/B LGLL. Conclusion: Minimal physical burden and a good initial response to chemotherapy might have contributed to long-term survival in the present case. Moreover, activated lymphocyte therapy could be performed safely and may be a feasible treatment for feline non-T/B LGLL.