RESUMO
The genus Fusarium is widely recognized for its phytopathogenic capacity. However, it has been reported as an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Thus, it can be considered a microorganism of interest in pathogenicity studies on different hosts. Therefore, this work evaluated the pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. isolates from different origins in plants and animals (murine hosts). Twelve isolates of Fusarium spp. from plants, animal superficial mycoses, and human superficial and systemic mycoses were inoculated in tomato, passion fruit and carnation plants, and in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed BALB/c mice. Pathogenicity tests in plants did not show all the symptoms associated with vascular wilt in the three plant models; however, colonization and necrosis of the vascular bundles, regardless of the species and origin of the isolates, showed the infective potential of Fusarium spp. in different plant species. Moreover, the pathogenicity tests in the murine model revealed behavioral changes. It was noteworthy that only five isolates (different origin and species) caused mortality. Additionally, it was observed that all isolates infected and colonized different organs, regardless of the species and origin of the isolates or host immune status. In contrast, the superficial inoculation test showed no evidence of epidermal injury or colonization. The observed results in plant and murine models suggest the pathogenic potential of Fusarium spp. isolates in different types of hosts. However, further studies on pathogenicity are needed to confirm the multihost capacity of this genus.
Assuntos
Fusariose , Fusarium , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Fusarium/patogenicidade , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , VirulênciaRESUMO
El género Fusarium es ampliamente conocido por su capacidad fitopatógena, típicamente asociada al marchitamiento vascular. Sin embargo, se ha reportado como un patógeno oportunista en pacientes inmunocompetentes e inmunocomprometidos, por lo que puede ser considerado como un microorganismo de interés en estudios de patogenicidad en diferentes hospederos. Este trabajo evaluó la capacidad patogénica de aislamientos de Fusarium spp. de diferentes orígenes en hospederos vegetales y en un hospedero animal (modelo murino). Doce aislamientos de Fusarium spp. de origen vegetal, animal superficial, humano superficial y humano sistémico fueron inoculados en plantas de tomate, gulupa y clavel, y en ratones BALB/c, inmunocompetentes e inmunosuprimidos. Las pruebas de patogenicidad en plantas no mostraron todos los síntomas asociados al marchitamiento vascular en los tres modelos vegetales, pero la colonización y la necrosis de los haces vasculares observada en todos los casos, independientemente de la especie de Fusarium y el origen del aislamiento, demostró el potencial infeccioso de Fusarium spp. en las diferentes especies de plantas. Por otro lado, las pruebas de patogenicidad en el modelo murino evidenciaron alteraciones del comportamiento. Asimismo, se observó en el modelo murino que todos los aislamientos infectaron y colonizaron diferentes órganos, independientemente de su origen, de la especie o del estado inmunitario del hospedero, pero solamente cinco (de diferente origen y correspondientes a diferentes especies) generaron mortalidad. En contraste, la prueba de inoculación superficial no evidenció lesiones ni colonización. Los resultados observados indican el potencial papel patogénico de los aislamientos de Fusarium spp. en los diferentes tipos de hospederos. Sin embargo, es necesario profundizar en estudios de factores de patogenicidad que expliquen la capacidad de este género para colonizar múltiples hospederos.
The genus Fusarium is widely recognized for its phytopathogenic capacity. However, it has been reported as an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Thus, it can be considered a microorganism of interest in pathogenicity studies on different hosts. Therefore, this work evaluated the pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. isolates from different origins in plants and animals (murine hosts). Twelve isolates of Fusarium spp. from plants, animal superficial mycoses, and human superficial and systemic mycoses were inoculated in tomato, passion fruit and carnation plants, and in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed BALB/c mice. Pathogenicity tests in plants did not show all the symptoms associated with vascular wilt in the three plant models; however, colonization and necrosis of the vascular bundles, regardless of the species and origin of the isolates, showed the infective potential of Fusarium spp. in different plant species. Moreover, the pathogenicity tests in the murine model revealed behavioral changes. It was noteworthy that only five isolates (different origin and species) caused mortality. Additionally, it was observed that all isolates infected and colonized different organs, regardless of the species and origin of the isolates or host immune status. In contrast, the superficial inoculation test showed no evidence of epidermal injury or colonization. The observed results in plant and murine models suggest the pathogenic potential of Fusarium spp. isolates in different types of hosts. However, further studies on pathogenicity are needed to confirm the multihost capacity of this genus.