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1.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(13)2024 Jun 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39000192

RESUMO

In this study, we used full-sib families to investigate the association between growth and gonad development during first sexual maturation of M. nipponense. We found that male GSI was significantly negatively correlated with growth traits (p < 0.01) and there were no significant correlations between female GSI (Gonadosomatic index) and growth traits (p > 0.05). HSI (Hepatopancreas index) in both males and females showed no significant correlations with growth traits (p > 0.05). We furthermore investigated the association between the specific allele of Mn-CTS L1 polymorphism and gonad development and growth traits. In total, 35 mutation loci were screened and 16 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci were obtained after validation. Four and two SNPs proved to be strongly associated with all growth traits in female and male M. nipponense separately, among which A+118T might be a candidate SNP positively associated with large growth traits. Two and one SNPs were screened, respectively, in males and females to associate with GSI, while three SNPs were detected to associate with female HSI, among which A+1379C may be applied as a potential molecular marker for gene-assisted selection to improve both reproduction speed and growth traits in M. nipponense.


Assuntos
Gônadas , Palaemonidae , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Maturidade Sexual , Masculino , Feminino , Animais , Gônadas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Gônadas/metabolismo , Maturidade Sexual/genética , Palaemonidae/genética , Palaemonidae/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Alelos , Fenótipo
2.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(3)2024 Jan 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38338678

RESUMO

This study investigates the role of lysosomal acid lipase (LIPA) in sex hormone regulation and gonadal development in Macrobrachium nipponense. The full-length Mn-LIPA cDNA was cloned, and its expression patterns were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in various tissues and developmental stages. Higher expression levels were observed in the hepatopancreas, cerebral ganglion, and testes, indicating the potential involvement of Mn-LIPA in sex differentiation and gonadal development. In situ hybridization experiments revealed strong Mn-LIPA signaling in the spermatheca and hepatopancreas, suggesting their potential role in steroid synthesis (such as cholesterol, fatty acids, cholesteryl ester, and triglycerides) and sperm maturation. Increased expression levels of male-specific genes, such as insulin-like androgenic gland hormone (IAG), sperm gelatinase (SG), and mab-3-related transcription factor (Dmrt11E), were observed after dsMn-LIPA (double-stranded LIPA) injection, and significant inhibition of sperm development and maturation was observed histologically. Additionally, the relationship between Mn-LIPA and sex-related genes (IAG, SG, and Dmrt11E) and hormones (17ß-estradiol and 17α-methyltestosterone) was explored by administering sex hormones to male prawns, indicating that Mn-LIPA does not directly control the production of sex hormones but rather utilizes the property of hydrolyzing triglycerides and cholesterol to provide energy while influencing the synthesis and secretion of self-sex hormones. These findings provide valuable insights into the function of Mn-LIPA in M. nipponense and its potential implications for understanding sex differentiation and gonadal development in crustaceans. It provides an important theoretical basis for the realization of a monosex culture of M. nipponense.


Assuntos
Palaemonidae , Animais , Masculino , Palaemonidae/metabolismo , Sêmen/metabolismo , Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais/metabolismo , Colesterol/metabolismo , Triglicerídeos/metabolismo , Proteínas de Artrópodes/genética , Proteínas de Artrópodes/metabolismo
3.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl ; 63(8): e202318967, 2024 Feb 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38153676

RESUMO

Lithium-mediated electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (Li-NRR) completely eschews the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) occurred in aqueous system, whereas the continuous deposition of lithium readily blocks the active sites and further reduces the reaction kinetics. Herein, we propose an innovative in situ Li migration strategy to realize that Li substitutes Mn sites in λ-MnO2 instead of evolving into the dead Li. Comprehensive characterizations corroborate that the intercalation of Li+ at high voltage breaks the structural integrity of MnO6 octahedron and further triggers unique Jahn-Teller distortions, which promotes the spin state regulation of Mn sites to generate the ameliorative eg orbital configuration and accelerates N≡N bond cleavage via eg -σ and eg -π* interaction. To this end, the resulted cationic disordered LiMnO4 delivers the recorded highest NH3 yield rate of 220 µg h-1 cm-2 and a Faradaic efficiency (FE) 83.80 % in organic electrolyte.

4.
Opt Express ; 31(9): 14851-14861, 2023 Apr 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37157340

RESUMO

A near-infrared (NIR) sub-ppm level photoacoustic sensor for hydrogen sulfide (H2S) using a differential Helmholtz resonator (DHR) as the photoacoustic cell (PAC) was presented. The core detection system was composed of a NIR diode laser with a center wavelength of 1578.13 nm, an Erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (EDFA) with an output power of ∼120 mW, and a DHR. Finite element simulation software was used to analyze the influence of the DHR parameters on the resonant frequency and acoustic pressure distribution of the system. Through simulation and comparison, the volume of the DHR was 1/16 that of the conventional H-type PAC for a similar resonant frequency. The performance of the photoacoustic sensor was evaluated after optimizing the DHR structure and modulation frequency. The experimental results showed that the sensor had an excellent linear response to the gas concentration and the minimum detection limit (MDL) for H2S detection in differential mode can reach 460.8 ppb.

5.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(17)2023 Aug 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37685979

RESUMO

The oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) is a commercially important species in Asia. A previous study showed that the succinate dehydrogenase complex iron sulfur subunit B (SDHB) gene participates in testes development in this species through its effect on the expression of the insulin-like androgenic gland hormone gene. This study knocked-down the Mn-SDHB genes in M. nipponense using RNAi. A transcriptome analysis of the androgenic gland and testes was then performed to discover the male sex-related genes regulated by SDHB and investigate the mechanism of male sexual development in this species. More than 16,623 unigenes were discovered in each sample generated. In the androgenic gland, most of the differentially expressed genes were enriched in the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pathway, while in the testes, they were enriched in the citrate cycle pathway. In addition, after Mn-SDHB knockdown, five genes were found to be downregulated in the androgenic gland in a series of biological processes associated with phosphorylated carbohydrate synthesis and transformations in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway. Moreover, a total of nine male sex-related genes were identified including Pro-resilin, insulin-like androgenic gland hormone, Protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PAPR11, DNAJC2, C-type Lectin-1, Tyrosine-protein kinase Yes, Vigilin, and Sperm motility kinase Y-like, demonstrating the regulatory effects of Mn-SDHB, and providing a reference for the further study of the mechanisms of male development in M. nipponense.


Assuntos
Palaemonidae , Masculino , Animais , Palaemonidae/genética , Interferência de RNA , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Androgênios , Insulina
6.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(13)2023 Jul 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37446235

RESUMO

The relationship between molting and reproduction has received more attention in economically important crustacean decapods. Molting and reproduction are synergistic events in Macrobrachium nipponense, but the molecular regulatory mechanisms behind them are unclear. In the current study, we performed Illumina sequencing for the ovaries of M. nipponense during the molt cycle (pre-molting, Prm; mid-molting, Mm; and post-molting, Pom). A total of 66.57 Gb of transcriptome data were generated through sequencing, resulting in the identification of 105,149 unigenes whose alignment ratio with the reference genome exceeded 87.57%. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were annotated through the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases for gene classification and pathway analysis. A total of twenty-six molt-related DEGs were found, and their expression patterns were examined across various molting stages. The KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the key pathways involved in regulating the molting process of M. nipponense primarily include the mTOR, insect hormone biosynthesis, TGF-beta, and Wnt signaling pathways. Our transcriptomic data suggest that these pathways crosstalk with each other to regulate the synthesis and degradation of ecdysone throughout the molt cycle. The current study has deepened our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of crustacean molting and will serve as a basis for future studies of crustaceans and other molting animals.


Assuntos
Palaemonidae , Animais , Feminino , Palaemonidae/genética , Muda/genética , Ovário/metabolismo , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Transcriptoma , Reprodução/genética
7.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(10)2023 May 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37239827

RESUMO

Sex reversal induced by 17ß-estradiol (E2) has shown the potential possibility for monoculture technology development. The present study aimed to determine whether dietary supplementation with different concentrations of E2 could induce sex reversal in M. nipponense, and select the sex-related genes by performing the gonadal transcriptome analysis of normal male (M), normal female (FM), sex-reversed male prawns (RM), and unreversed male prawns (NRM). Histology, transcriptome analysis, and qPCR were performed to compare differences in gonad development, key metabolic pathways, and genes. Compared with the control, after 40 days, feeding E2 with 200 mg/kg at PL25 (PL: post-larvae developmental stage) resulted in the highest sex ratio (female: male) of 2.22:1. Histological observations demonstrated the co-existence of testis and ovaries in the same prawn. Male prawns from the NRM group exhibited slower testis development without mature sperm. RNA sequencing revealed 3702 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between M vs. FM, 3111 between M vs. RM, and 4978 between FM vs. NRM. Retinol metabolism and nucleotide excision repair pathways were identified as the key pathways for sex reversal and sperm maturation, respectively. Sperm gelatinase (SG) was not screened in M vs. NRM, corroborating the results of the slice D. In M vs. RM, reproduction-related genes such as cathepsin C (CatC), heat shock protein cognate (HSP), double-sex (Dsx), and gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRH) were expressed differently from the other two groups, indicating that these are involved in the process of sex reversal. Exogenous E2 can induce sex reversal, providing valuable evidence for the establishment of monoculture in this species.


Assuntos
Palaemonidae , Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Palaemonidae/metabolismo , Sêmen , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Estradiol/farmacologia , Estradiol/metabolismo , Ovário/metabolismo , Transcriptoma
8.
Int J Mol Sci ; 24(18)2023 Sep 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37762609

RESUMO

This study investigated the potential to use double-stranded RNA insulin-like androgenic gland hormone (dsIAG) to induce sex reversal in Macrobrachium nipponense and identified the molecular mechanisms underlying crustacean reproduction and sex differentiation. The study aimed to determine whether dsIAG could induce sex reversal in PL30-male M. nipponense during a critical period. The sex-related genes were selected by performing the gonadal transcriptome analysis of normal male (dsM), normal female (dsFM), neo-female sex-reversed individuals (dsRM), and unreversed males (dsNRM). After six injections, the experiment finally resulted in a 20% production of dsRM. Histologically, dsRM ovaries developed slower than dsFM, but dsNRM spermathecae developed normally. A total of 1718, 1069, and 255 differentially expressed genes were identified through transcriptome sequencing of the gonads in three comparison groups, revealing crucial genes related to reproduction and sex differentiation, such as GnRHR, VGR, SG, and LWS. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) also distinguished dsM and dsRM very well. In addition, this study predicted that the eyestalks and the "phototransduction-fly" photoperiodic pathways of M. nipponense could play an important role in sex reversal. The enrichment of related pathways and growth traits in dsNRM were combined to establish that IAG played a significant role in reproduction, growth regulation, and metabolism. Finally, complete sex reversal may depend on specific stimuli at critical periods. Overall, this study provides valuable findings for the IAG regulation of sex differentiation, reproduction, and growth of M. nipponense in establishing a monoculture.


Assuntos
Insulina , Palaemonidae , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Animais , Androgênios/farmacologia , Palaemonidae/genética , Diferenciação Sexual/genética , Insulina Regular Humana , Reprodução/genética
9.
Molecules ; 28(2)2023 Jan 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36677782

RESUMO

Subphthalocyanines (SubPcs) are a kind of tripyrrolic macrocycle with a boron atom at their core. Incorporating different units onto the SubPc periphery can endow them with various unique properties. Herein, a series of novel fluorinated low-symmetry SubPc derivatives containing chlorine groups (F8-Cl4-SubPc, F4-Cl8-SubPc) and methoxy groups (F8-(OCH3)2-SubPc) were synthesized and characterized by spectral methods (MS, FT-IR, 1H, 13C, 11B, and 19F NMR spectroscopy), and the effect of the peripheral substituents on their electronic structure of low-symmetry macrocycle was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, theoretical calculation, electronic absorption, and emission spectroscopy. In contrast to perfluorinated SubPcs, these low-symmetry SubPcs revealed non-degenerate LUMO and LUMO + 1 orbitals, especially F8-(OCH3)2-SubPc, which was consistent with the split Q-band absorptions. The cyclic voltammetry revealed that these SubPcs exhibited two or three reduction waves and one oxidation wave, which is consistent with the reported SubPcs. Finally, an intracellular fluorescence imaging study of these compounds revealed that these compounds could enter cancer cells and be entrapped in the lysosomes, which provides a possibility of future applications in lysosome fluorescence imaging and targeting.

10.
Environ Geochem Health ; 45(9): 6889-6902, 2023 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36811699

RESUMO

People intake metals from their environment. This study investigated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) related to internal exposure to metals and attempted to identify possible biomarkers. A total of 734 Chinese adults were enrolled, and urinary levels of ten metals were measured. Multinomial logistic regression model was used to assess the association between metals and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and T2DM. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and protein-protein interaction were used to explore the pathogenesis of T2DM related to metals. After adjustment, lead (Pb) was positively associated with IFG (odds ratio [OR] 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06-1.61) and T2DM (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.01-1.98), but cobalt was negatively associated with IFG (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34-0.95). Transcriptome analysis showed 69 target genes involved in the Pb-target network of T2DM. GO enrichment indicated that the target genes are enriched mainly in the biological process category. KEGG enrichment indicated that Pb exposure leads to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, lipid and atherosclerosis, and insulin resistance. Moreover, there is alteration of four key pathways, and six algorithms were used to identify 12 possible genes in T2DM related to Pb. SOD2 and ICAM1 show strong similarity in expression, suggesting a functional correlation between these key genes. This study reveals that SOD2 and ICAM1 may be potential targets of Pb exposure-induced T2DM and provides novel insight into the biological effects and underlying mechanism of T2DM related to internal exposure to metals in the Chinese population.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Chumbo , Adulto , Humanos , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/urina , Glicemia/análise , Glicemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/induzido quimicamente , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/etiologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/urina , População do Leste Asiático , Chumbo/toxicidade , Chumbo/urina
11.
Genomics ; 113(5): 3349-3356, 2021 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34343676

RESUMO

Striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus), belonging to the Pangasiidae family, has become an economically important fish with wide cultivation in Southeast Asia. Owing to the high-fat trait, it is always considered as an oily fish. In our present study, a high-quality genome assembly of the striped catfish was generated by integration of Illumina short reads, Nanopore long reads and Hi-C data. A 731.7-Mb genome assembly was finally obtained, with a contig N50 of 3.5 Mb, a scaffold N50 of 29.5 Mb, and anchoring of 98.46% of the assembly onto 30 pseudochromosomes. The genome contained 36.9% repeat sequences, and a total 18,895 protein-coding genes were predicted. Interestingly, we identified a tandem triplication of fatty acid binding protein 1 gene (fabp1; thereby named as fabp1-1, fabp1-2 and fabp1-3 respectively), which may be related to the high fat content in striped catfish. Meanwhile, the FABP1-2 and -3 isoforms differed from FABP1-1 by several missense mutations including R126T, which may affect the fatty acid binding properties. In summary, we report a high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of the striped catfish, which provides a valuable genetic resource for biomedical studies on the high-fat trait, and lays a solid foundation for practical aquaculture and molecular breeding of this international teleost species.


Assuntos
Peixes-Gato , Animais , Peixes-Gato/genética , Cromossomos/genética , Genoma , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Sequências Repetitivas de Ácido Nucleico
12.
Entropy (Basel) ; 23(8)2021 Aug 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34441184

RESUMO

Recently, deep reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have achieved significant progress in the multi-agent domain. However, training for increasingly complex tasks would be time-consuming and resource intensive. To alleviate this problem, efficient leveraging of historical experience is essential, which is under-explored in previous studies because most existing methods fail to achieve this goal in a continuously dynamic system owing to their complicated design. In this paper, we propose a method for knowledge reuse called "KnowRU", which can be easily deployed in the majority of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms without requiring complicated hand-coded design. We employ the knowledge distillation paradigm to transfer knowledge among agents to shorten the training phase for new tasks while improving the asymptotic performance of agents. To empirically demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of KnowRU, we perform extensive experiments on state-of-the-art MARL algorithms in collaborative and competitive scenarios. The results show that KnowRU outperforms recently reported methods and not only successfully accelerates the training phase, but also improves the training performance, emphasizing the importance of the proposed knowledge reuse for MARL.

13.
Phys Chem Chem Phys ; 22(16): 9148-9156, 2020 Apr 29.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32301938

RESUMO

Herein, the Rashba spin orbit coupling (SOC) of polar group III-VI chalcogenide XABY (A, B = Ga, In; X ≠ Y = S, Se, Te) monolayers is investigated based on density functional theory. The different electronegativities of X and Y atoms lead to an asymmetrical internal electric field in the XABY monolayer; this implies that the internal electric field between A and X is not equal to that between B and Y. Mirror symmetry breaking in the XABY monolayer induces a remarkable Rashba spin splitting (RSS) at the conduction band minimum (CBM). Moreover, it is demonstrated that an external electric field and an in-plane biaxial strain can affect the internal electric field by varying the charge distribution, and this further manipulates the RSS. Under a positive external electric field and tensile strain, the RSS at the CBM exhibits a near-linear increasing behavior, whereas under a negative external electric field and compressive strain, the RSS displays a monotonous decreasing pattern. In addition, we explored the influence of interlayer coupling and substrate on the RSS. The stacking pattern of bilayer structures has a significant impact on the RSS. The investigation of SInGaSe on the Si(111) substrate suggests that the Rashba band is situated inside the large band gap of the substrate. Overall, our investigations suggest that the polar group III-VI chalcogenides are promising candidates for future spintronic applications.

14.
Neural Netw ; 179: 106513, 2024 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39018945

RESUMO

Class-Incremental learning (CIL) is challenging due to catastrophic forgetting (CF), which escalates in exemplar-free scenarios. To mitigate CF, Knowledge Distillation (KD), which leverages old models as teacher models, has been widely employed in CIL. However, based on a case study, our investigation reveals that the teacher model exhibits over-confidence in unseen new samples. In this article, we conduct empirical experiments and provide theoretical analysis to investigate the over-confident phenomenon and the impact of KD in exemplar-free CIL, where access to old samples is unavailable. Building on our analysis, we propose a novel approach, Learning with Humbler Teacher, by systematically selecting an appropriate checkpoint model as a humbler teacher to mitigate CF. Furthermore, we explore utilizing the nuclear norm to obtain an appropriate temporal ensemble to enhance model stability. Notably, LwHT outperforms the state-of-the-art approach by a significant margin of 10.41%, 6.56%, and 4.31% in various settings while demonstrating superior model plasticity.


Assuntos
Aprendizagem , Humanos , Aprendizagem/fisiologia , Redes Neurais de Computação
15.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 278(Pt 2): 134774, 2024 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39154681

RESUMO

Controlling biomolecular-cell interactions is crucial for the design of scaffolds for tissue engineering (TE). Regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) has been extensively used as TE scaffolds, however, RSF showed poor attachment of neuronal cells, such as rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. In this work, amphiphilic peptides containing a hydrophobic isoleucine tail (I3) and laminin or fibronectin derived peptides (IKVAV, PDSGR, YIGSR, RGDS and PHSRN) were designed for promoting scaffold-cell interaction. Three of them (I3KVAV, I3RGDS and I3YIGSR) can self-assemble into nanofibers, therefore, were used to enhance the application of RSF in neuron TE. Live / dead assays revealed that the peptides exhibited negligible cytotoxicity against PC12 cells. The specific interaction between PC12 cells and the peptides were investigate using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The results indicated a synergistic effect in the designed peptides, promoting cellular attachment, proliferation and morphology changes. In addition, AFM results showed that co-assembling peptides I3KVAV and I3YIGSR possesses the best regulation of proliferation and attachment of PC12 cells, consistent with immunofluorescence staining results. Moreover, cell culture with hydrogels revealed that a mixture of peptides I3KVAV and I3YIGSR can also promote 3D neurites outgrowth. The approach of combining two different self-assembling peptides shows great potential for nerve regeneration applications.


Assuntos
Nanofibras , Crescimento Neuronal , Peptídeos , Seda , Alicerces Teciduais , Animais , Células PC12 , Ratos , Nanofibras/química , Alicerces Teciduais/química , Crescimento Neuronal/efeitos dos fármacos , Peptídeos/química , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Seda/química , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibroínas/química , Fibroínas/farmacologia , Engenharia Tecidual/métodos , Adesão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos
16.
Photoacoustics ; 38: 100612, 2024 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38711869

RESUMO

A miniaturized photoacoustic spectroscopy-based gas sensor is proposed for the purpose of detecting sub-ppm-level carbonyl sulfide (OCS) using a tunable mid-infrared interband cascade laser (ICL) and a Helmholtz photoacoustic cell. The tuning characteristics of the tunable ICL with a center wavelength of 4823.3 nm were investigated to achieve the optimal driving parameters. A Helmholtz photoacoustic cell with a volume of ∼2.45 mL was designed and optimized to miniaturize the measurement system. By optimizing the modulation parameters and signal processing, the system was verified to have a good linear response to OCS concentration. With a lock-in amplifier integration time of 10 s, the 1σ noise standard deviation in differential mode was 0.84 mV and a minimum detection limit (MDL) of 409.2 ppbV was achieved at atmospheric pressure and room temperature.

17.
J Mater Chem B ; 12(30): 7420-7428, 2024 Jul 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38963283

RESUMO

A hydrogel is an ideal matrix material for flexible electronic devices, electronic skin and health detection devices due to its outstanding flexibility and stretchability. However, hydrogel-based flexible electronic devices swell once they are placed in a high humidity or underwater environment. The swelling behavior could damage the internal structure of hydrogels, ultimately leading to the reduction or complete loss of mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and sensing function. In order to resolve the above problems, a double network ionogel with remarkable anti-swelling behavior, stretchability and conductive properties was prepared. The ionogel consisted of gelatin (G) and copolymerization of acrylic acid (AA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), butyl acrylate (BA), dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate maleate (D) and N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBAA). Due to the dense crosslinking network and hydrophobic interaction, the ionogel exhibited remarkable anti-swelling properties (7.64% of the 30-day equilibrium swelling ratio in deionized water). D and MBAA were simultaneously introduced into the ionogel system as cross-linking agents to provide a large number of cross-linking points, improving the cross-linking density of the ionogel. Importantly, the introduction of D avoided ionic leakage by free radical copolymerization. Furthermore, the ionogel maintained stable mechanical properties and conductivity after being submerged in deionized water owing to remarkable anti-swelling performance. The mechanical properties of the ionogel retained 89.75% of the initial mechanical properties after a 5-day immersion in deionized water. Therefore, this ionogel could be employed as an underwater flexible wearable sensor for high humidity or underwater motion monitoring.


Assuntos
Gelatina , Gelatina/química , Humanos , Hidrogéis/química , Condutividade Elétrica , Água/química , Acrilamidas/química , Dispositivos Eletrônicos Vestíveis , Metacrilatos/química
18.
Sci Data ; 11(1): 102, 2024 Jan 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38253640

RESUMO

Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are usually considered as extreme environments with high pressure, high temperature, scarce food, and chemical toxicity, while many local inhabitants have evolved special adaptive mechanisms for residence in this representative ecosystem. In this study, we constructed a high-quality genome assembly for a novel deep-sea anemone species (Actinostola sp.) that was resident at a depth of 2,971 m in an Edmond vent along the central Indian Ocean ridge, with a total size of 424.3 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 383 kb. The assembled genome contained 265 Mb of repetitive sequences and 20,812 protein-coding genes. Taken together, our reference genome provides a valuable genetic resource for exploring the evolution and adaptive clues of this deep-sea anemone.


Assuntos
Genoma , Anêmonas-do-Mar , Animais , Ecossistema , Fontes Hidrotermais , Anêmonas-do-Mar/genética , Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma
19.
Ultrasound Med Biol ; 50(1): 18-27, 2024 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37806923

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Photoacoustic imaging has undergone rapid development in recent years. To simulate photoacoustic imaging on a computer, the most popular MATLAB toolbox currently used for the forward projection process is k-Wave. However, k-Wave suffers from significant computation time. Here we propose a straightforward simulation approach based on superposed Wave (s-Wave) to accelerate photoacoustic simulation. METHODS: In this study, we consider the initial pressure distribution as a collection of individual pixels. By obtaining standard sensor data from a single pixel beforehand, we can easily manipulate the phase and amplitude of the sensor data for specific pixels using loop and multiplication operators. The effectiveness of this approach is validated through an optimization-based reconstruction algorithm. RESULTS: The results reveal significantly reduced computation time compared with k-Wave. Particularly in a sparse 3-D configuration, s-Wave exhibits a speed improvement >2000 times compared with k-Wave. In terms of optimization-based image reconstruction, in vivo imaging results reveal that using the s-Wave method yields images highly similar to those obtained using k-Wave, while reducing the reconstruction time by approximately 50 times. CONCLUSION: Proposed here is an accelerated optimization-based algorithm for photoacoustic image reconstruction, using the fast s-Wave forward projection simulation. Our method achieves substantial time savings, particularly in sparse system configurations. Future work will focus on further optimizing the algorithm and expanding its applicability to a broader range of photoacoustic imaging scenarios.


Assuntos
Algoritmos , Técnicas Fotoacústicas , Imagens de Fantasmas , Simulação por Computador , Análise Espectral , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Técnicas Fotoacústicas/métodos
20.
Animals (Basel) ; 14(5)2024 Feb 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38473051

RESUMO

Investigating hypoxia tolerance and growth trait single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Macrobrachium nipponense is conducive to cultivating prawns with hypoxia tolerance and good growth characteristics. The glutathione S-transferase-2 gene (GST-2) has been shown to regulate hypoxia responses in M. nipponense. In this study, we identified a single GST-2 SNP in M. nipponense, and analyzed its regulatory relationship with hypoxia tolerance and growth. The GST-2 sequence was amplified with a polymerase chain reaction from 197 "Taihu Lake No. 3", "Taihu Lake No. 2", and Pearl River population samples to identify SNP loci. The full-length Mn-GST2 sequence was 2317 bp, including three exons and two introns. In total, 38 candidate SNP loci were identified from GST-2 using Mega11.0 comparisons, with most loci moderately polymorphic in terms of genetic diversity. Locus genotypes were also analyzed, and basic genetic parameters for loci were calculated using Popgene32 and PIC_CALC. The expected heterozygosity of the 38 SNP loci ranged from 0.2334 to 0.4997, with an average of 0.4107, while observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.1929 to 0.4721, with an average of 0.3401. The polymorphic information content ranged from 0.21 to 0.37. From SPSS analyses, the G+256A locus was significantly correlated with hypoxia tolerance across all three M. nipponense populations, while the SNP loci A+261C, C+898T, A+1370C, and G+1373T were significantly associated with growth traits. Further analyses revealed that the T+2017C locus was significantly correlated with hypoxia tolerance in "Taihu Lake No. 2" populations, G+256A, A+808T, C+1032T, and A+1530G loci were significantly correlated with hypoxia tolerance in "Taihu Lake No. 3" populations, while no SNP loci were correlated with hypoxia tolerance in Pearl River populations. A+1370C and G+1373T loci, which were associated with growth traits, exhibited a high degree of linkage disequilibrium (r2 = 0.89 and r2 > 0.8), suggesting potential genetic linkage. Our data suggest associations between hypoxia tolerance and growth trait SNP loci in M. nipponense, and provide valuable evidence for the genetic improvement of growth and hypoxia tolerance in this prawn species.

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