RESUMO
The initial phase of the COVID-19 vaccination in Ecuador occurred between April and November 2021. Initially, it focused on priority populations, including health professionals and other front-line workers. During this period, there was limited knowledge about the vaccine's adverse effects. A non-probability, observational study was conducted among university staff in Guayaquil, Ecuador, who received the AstraZeneca vaccine (n = 423) between April and November 2021. This study aimed to compare the acute adverse reactions by doses and to report the incidence of long-term adverse reactions within the AstraZeneca group. As a result, comparing acute adverse reactions between doses, the odds ratio for local pain, headache, muscle pain, fever, and chills are statistically higher after the first dose than the second dose. Survival curves indicated these symptoms appeared mainly within the first 6 h post-vaccination. This is the first pharmacovigilance study from Ecuador that analyzes survival probabilities for the AstraZeneca vaccine's adverse effects.
RESUMO
Objetivo: caracterizar los procesos de atención hospitalaria pediátrica en las instituciones donde se hospitalizan los niños(as) con diagnóstico de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad (nao). Metodología: se realizó un estudio de tipo cualitativo en siete instituciones públicas y privadas del área metropolitana de Medellín. Se entrevistó a treinta profesionales de la salud de servicios pediátricos y a diez madres de niños con rehospitalizaciones por nao. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas, transcritas y analizadas siguiendo la Teoría Fundamentada (tf). Hallazgos: existen dos tipos de contratación de personal: a) vinculación directa y estable con la institución, incluyendo seguridad social; b) contratación por terceros, a corto plazo y sin seguridad social. Hay déficit de pediatras y enfermeras profesionales en los turnos nocturnos, festivos y fines de semana; pocas instituciones tienen programas de capacitación para el personal. Hay procesos clínicos y administrativos definidos para el ingreso, el cuidado hospitalario y el egreso; es difícil el acceso a los servicios de tercer nivel por el escaso número de camas disponibles.
Objective: To characterize pediatric hospital care processes in institutions where children are hospitalized with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (cap). Method: qualitative study of seven public and private institutions in the metropolitan area of Medellin. An interview was conducted with thirty health professionals from pediatric services and ten mothers of children with readmissions of cap. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed according to the Grounded Theory (at).Findings: There are two types of recruitment: a) direct and stable with the institution, including social security, b) contracting by third parties, short term and without social security. There is a shortfall in pediatricians and nurse practitioners on night shifts, holidays and weekends, few institutions have staff training programs. There are clinical and administrative processes defined for the admission, hospital care and discharge, it is difficult to access third level services because of the small number of available beds.
Objetivo: Caracterizar os processos de cuidados hospitalares pediátricos em instituições onde são hospitalizadas as crianças com diagnóstico de pneumonia adquirida na comunidade (pao). Método: Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo em sete instituições públicas e privadas na área metropolitana de Medellín. Foram entrevistados trinta profissionais de saúde, serviços de pediatria e dez mães de crianças com readmissões por pao. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e analisadas de acordo com a Grounded Theory (tf). Achados: Existem dois tipos de contratação do pessoal: a) relação direta e estável com a instituição, incluindo segurança social, b) contratação por terceiros, no curto prazo e sem segurança social. Há déficit de pediatras e enfermeiros no turno da noite, feriados e fins de semana; poucas instituições têm programas de treinamento para o pessoal. Há processos clínicos e administrativos definidos para a admissão, os cuidados hospitalares e a alta; é difícil ter acesso a serviços de terceiro nível pelo pequeno número de leitos disponíveis.