Remarkable Wear Resistance in a Complex Concentrated Alloy with Nanohierarchical Architecture and Composition Undulation.

Sustained wear damages on the sliding surfaces of alloys are generally the culprit responsible for the failure of various mechanical systems. Inspired by high-entropy effects, here we deliberately deploy nanohierarchical architecture with composition undulation in a Ni50(AlNbTiV)50 complex concentrated alloy, which yields ultralow wear rate within the order of 10-7 to 10-6 mm3/Nm between room temperature and 800 °C. Such remarkable wear resistance heretofore represents one of the highest wear resistance reported for the bulk alloys or composites, and originates from the multi-type adaptive friction interface protection governed by intrinsically nano-coupled grains and nanoprecipitates. This cooperative heterostructure releases gradient frictional stress in stages upon wear at room temperature through the coexistence of multiple deformation pathways while activating a dense nanocrystalline glaze layer upon wear at 800 °C to minimize adhesive and oxidative wear. Our work uncovers a practical avenue for tailoring wear properties with multicomponent heterostructures over a wide temperature range.

Central nervous system involvement in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: a study of 29 cases in a single Chinese center.

BACKGROUND: In antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV), central nervous system (CNS) involvement is relatively uncommon. The current study retrospectively investigated the clinical features and outcomes of AAV patients with CNS involvement. METHODS: A total of 497 AAV patients were retrospectively recruited in our center, twenty-nine of which had CNS involvement. Clinical and radiological manifestations and the outcomes of these patients were analyzed. RESULTS: The predominant symptom was sensorimotor impairment. According to the MRI findings, twenty-four patients had cerebral ischemic lesions, four patients had hemorrhagic lesions, and one patient had pituitary mass. With a median follow-up of 25 (range 9-45) months, 23 of 24 patients with cerebral ischemic lesions responded to induction therapy, and symptoms were ameliorated. The remaining one died from acute myocardial infarction 2 months after the diagnosis of cerebral ischemic lesions. Compared with patients without CNS involvement, patients with CNS involvement had significantly higher level of Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (23.5 ± 5.3 versus 18.8 ± 6.5, P < 0.01) and significantly higher proportion of peripheral nervous system involvement (58.6% versus 14.6%, P < 0.01). However, we did not found significant difference of patients' survival between those with and without CNS involvement. CONCLUSION: CNS involvement in Chinese patients with AAV was mainly manifested as cerebral ischemic lesions. Compared with patients without CNS involvement, patients with CNS involvement had a significantly more active disease of AAV, and significantly higher proportion of peripheral nervous system involvement.Key Points• CNS involvement in Chinese patients with AAV was mainly manifested as cerebral ischemic lesions.• Patients with CNS involvement had a significantly more active disease of AAV.

[Current situation of the study on treatment of bacteria translocation with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine].

Bacteria translocation (BT) induced enterogenous infection in multiple organs dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is closely related with the stress pyemia and MODS. For prevention of BT, western medicine stresses to improve the blood and oxygen supply of intestinal tract, mucosa protection, and application of microorganism preparation, while traditional Chinese medicine could also win good effect by using such drugs as rhubarb, red sage root, and compound decoctions.