Alteration of the Gut Microbiota in Missed Abortion.

There is a symbiotic relationship between gut microbiota and human beings. Imbalance of the gut microbiota will cause pathological damages to humans. Although many risk factors are associated with missed abortion (MA), the pathological mechanism of it is still unclear. Here, we analyzed gut flora of the patients with MA by S16 high-throughput sequencing. The possible pathogenic mechanisms of the MA were explored. Fecal samples from 14 healthy controls and 16 MA patients were collected to do 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing analysis. The abundance of the Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Escherichia, Streptococcus_ Salivarius, and Lactobacillus was significantly reduced in the MA group, while, the abundance of the Klebsiella was significantly increased in the MA patients. The Ruminococcaceae and [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group were found only in the specimens of the MA patients. The Fabrotax function prediction analysis showed that four photosynthesis function bacteria (cyanobateria, oxygenic_photoautotrophy, photoautotrophy, and phototrophy) only existed in the MA group. In the analysis of the BugBase microbiome function prediction, the Escherichia of the MA group is significantly reduced compared to that of the healthy controls in the items of that Contains_Mobile_Elements, Facultatively_Anaerobic, Forms_Biofilms, Potentially_Pathogenic.png, Gram_Nagative, and Stress_Tolerant_relabundance. These alterations may affect the stability of the host's immune, neural, metabolic and other systems by interfering with the balance of the gut microbiota or by the metabolites of those bacteria, causing the MA. This study explored the possible pathogenic factors of the gut microbiota of the MA. The results provide evidence to figure out the pathogenesis of the MA.

[Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the diagnosis and treatment of refractory pneumonia in children]. / æ”¯æ°”ç®¡è‚ºæ³¡çŒæ´—æ¶²å®åŸºå› ç»„äºŒä»£æµ‹åºåœ¨å„¿ç«¥éš¾æ²»æ€§è‚ºç‚Žè¯Šæ²»ä¸­çš„åº”ç”¨.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in the etiological diagnosis and treatment of refractory pneumonia (RTP) in children. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 160 children with RTP who were admitted to the Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, from January 2020 to March 2023. According to whether mNGS was performed, they were divided into two groups: mNGS (n=80) and traditional testing (n=80). All children received the tests of inflammatory markers and pathogen tests after admission. Traditional pathogenicity tests included microbial culture (sputum specimen collected by suction tube), nucleic acid detection of respiratory pathogens, and serological test (mycoplasma, tuberculosis, and fungi). For the mNGS group, BALF specimens were collected after bronchoscopy and were sent to the laboratory for mNGS and microbial culture. The two groups were analyzed and compared in terms of the detection of pathogens and treatment. RESULTS: Compared with the traditional testing group, the mNGS group had a significantly higher detection rate of pathogens (92% vs 58%, P<0.05), with more types of pathogens and a higher diagnostic rate of mixed infections. Compared with the traditional testing group, the mNGS group had a significantly higher treatment response rate and a significantly lower incidence rate of complications during hospitalization (P<0.05). Treatment was adjusted for 68 children in the mNGS group according to the results of mNGS, with a treatment response rate of 96% (65/68) after adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with traditional pathogen tests, BALF mNGS can significantly improve the detection rate of pathogens and find some rare pathogens. In clinical practice, when encountering bottlenecks during the diagnosis and treatment of children with RTP, it is advisable to promptly perform the mNGS to identify the pathogens.

A promising type-II ß-AsP/g-C6N6 van der Waals heterostructure photocatalyst for water splitting: a first-principles study.

Photocatalytic water splitting, which can use abundant and clean solar energy, is friendly to the environment and consumes less energy. This work predicts the type-II ß-AsP/g-C6N6 van der Waals (vdW) heterostructure as a promising photocatalyst for water splitting using first-principles calculations. Compared with the g-C6N6 monolayer, the ß-AsP/g-C6N6 heterostructure not only can effectively separate photogenerated electron and hole pairs but also shows considerable light absorption and better photocatalyst performances. The optical absorption coefficient of the ß-AsP/g-C6N6 heterostructure has also extremely increased, more than ten times that of the g-C6N6 monolayer. The ß-AsP/g-C6N6 heterostructure with little compression (-2%) could be conducive to the hydrogen evolution reaction with a Gibbs free energy closer to zero (-0.46 eV) compared to monolayers. The oxygen evolution reaction has a low theoretical overpotential of 0.63 V. These results indicate that it exhibits favorable performances as a photocatalyst. This work predicts the possible application of the ß-AsP/g-C6N6 heterostructure as a photocatalyst and expands the scope of renewable energy devices.

Quasiparticle energies and significant exciton effects of monolayered blue arsenic phosphorus conformers.

Low-dimensional systems have strong multi-body interactions and fewer geometric constraints due to the screening effect of the Coulomb interaction. We use the single-shot GW-Bethe Salpeter equation (G0W0-BSE) to calculate the electronic and optical properties of six-blue arsenic phosphorus (ß-AsP) conformers. The results show significant anisotropic exciton effects of covering visible regions, which apparently changed the light absorption. The maximum exciton binding energy is up to 0.99 eV, which is more extensive than the black phosphorus monolayer (0.9 eV). We predict that the different orbital contributions to valence bands may cause the anisotropic exciton effect difference. Our results indicate that ß-AsP monolayers with the large binding energies of exciton hold a great promise for applications in optoelectronic devices.

The de Winter ECG pattern: Distribution and morphology of ST depression.

BACKGROUND: The reported positive predictive value (PPV) for the "de Winter ECG pattern" to predict an acute left anterior descending artery (LAD) lesion is inconsistent. Besides, the morphology of upsloping or nonupsloping ST depression (STD) may have different significance of severity and prognostication. METHODS: We searched the MEDLINE database using "de Winter" or "junctional ST-depression with tall symmetrical T-waves" or "tall T wave" or "STEMI equivalent" as the item up to March 2020. We compared the ECG differences between the different culprit arteries and various morphological STD. RESULTS: A total of 70 patients with analyzable ECGs were included. In 60 patients (LAD group), the LAD was the culprit artery, while in 10 patients (non-LAD group), there were other etiologies. Maximal STD in V2 or V3 had a PPV of 89% of all patients and 98% of patients without ST elevation in V2 to detect an acute LAD lesion. The presence of q/Q-wave or poor R-wave progression in the precordial leads was significantly more often found in patients with upsloping STD than in patients with nonupsloping STD in the LAD group (84% vs. 27%, p < .01). In 18 patients, the ECG showed a change from upsloping to nonupsloping STD from the leads with maximal STD to the surrounding leads with less STD. CONCLUSIONS: The location of the maximal STD in the precordial leads differs between patients with LAD as the culprit artery and other etiologies of the de Winter ECG pattern. Upsloping STD signifies more severe signs of ischemia than nonupsloping STD.

Fungal Systematics and Evolution: FUSE 5.

Thirteen new species are formally described: Cortinarius brunneocarpus from Pakistan, C. lilacinoarmillatus from India, Curvularia khuzestanica on Atriplex lentiformis from Iran, Gloeocantharellus neoechinosporus from China, Laboulbenia bernaliana on species of Apenes, Apristus, and Philophuga (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Nicaragua and Panama, L. oioveliicola on Oiovelia machadoi (Hemiptera, Veliidae) from Brazil, L. termiticola on Macrotermes subhyalinus (Blattodea, Termitidae) from the DR Congo, Pluteus cutefractus from Slovenia, Rhizoglomus variabile from Peru, Russula phloginea from China, Stagonosporopsis flacciduvarum on Vitis vinifera from Italy, Strobilomyces huangshanensis from China, Uromyces klotzschianus on Rumex dentatus subsp. klotzschianus from Pakistan. The following new records are reported: Alternaria calendulae on Calendula officinalis from India; A. tenuissima on apple and quince fruits from Iran; Candelariella oleaginescens from Turkey; Didymella americana and D. calidophila on Vitis vinifera from Italy; Lasiodiplodia theobromae causing tip blight of Dianella tasmanica 'variegata' from India; Marasmiellus subpruinosus from Madeira, Portugal, new for Macaronesia and Africa; Mycena albidolilacea, M. tenuispinosa, and M. xantholeuca from Russia; Neonectria neomacrospora on Madhuca longifolia from India; Nothophoma quercina on Vitis vinifera from Italy; Plagiosphaera immersa on Urtica dioica from Austria; Rinodina sicula from Turkey; Sphaerosporium lignatile from Wisconsin, USA; and Verrucaria murina from Turkey. Multi-locus analysis of ITS, LSU, rpb1, tef1 sequences revealed that P. immersa, commonly classified within Gnomoniaceae (Diaporthales) or as Sordariomycetes incertae sedis, belongs to Magnaporthaceae (Magnaporthales). Analysis of a six-locus Ascomycota-wide dataset including SSU and LSU sequences of S. lignatile revealed that this species, currently in Ascomycota incertae sedis, belongs to Pyronemataceae (Pezizomycetes, Pezizales).

Establishment of complete blood count reference intervals for Chinese preschoolers.

BACKGROUND: Reference intervals are critical for interpreting test results of a clinical laboratory. The aim of this study was to establish local reference intervals of complete blood count for healthy preschoolers in China. METHODS: Three thousand eight hundred and twenty-one blood specimens from children aged 4 months to 6 years were collected and analyzed. Complete blood counts were determined by Sysmex XT-4000i Automated Hematology Analyzer. The nonparametric 2.5th to 97.5th percentile reference ranges were calculated according to CLSI EP28-A3c guideline. RESULTS: Reference intervals for each blood cell parameter are determinded as follows: total WBC 4.86-12.1×109 /L for males and 4.73-12.3×109 /L for females; RBC 4.13-5.32×1012 /L for males and 4.08-5.24×1012 /L for females; HGB 109-145 g/L for males and 111-143 g/L for females; HCT 33.1-41.2% for males and 33.3-41.1% for females; MCH 23.5-29.7 pg for males and 24.6-30.0 pg for females; MCHC 320-365 g/L for males and 321-362 g/L for females; MCV 71.4-85.1 fL for males and 73.8-86.9 fL for females; RDW-SD 33.5-41.9 fL for males and 33.5-41.0 fL for females; RDW-CV 12.0-15.2% for males and 11.8-14.5% for females; PLT 181-475×109 /L for males and 179-456×109 /L for females; PCT 0.18-0.44% for males and 0.18-0.43% for females; MPV 8.20-11.6 fL for males and 8.20-11.5 fL for females; PDW 8.40-14.4 fL for males and 8.40-14.0 fL for females; P-LCR 12.0-36.6% for males and 11.8-35.6% for females. CONCLUSIONS: We established local complete blood count reference intervals for apparent healthy preschoolers in China. It is necessary to establishing region-specific reference intervals of complete blood count for preschoolers.

Deceleration of liver regeneration by knockdown of augmenter of liver regeneration gene is associated with impairment of mitochondrial DNA synthesis in mice.

Hepatic stimulator substance, also known as augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR), is a novel hepatic mitogen that stimulates liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy (PH). Recent work has indicated that a lack of ALR expression inhibited liver regeneration in rats, and the mechanism seems to be related to increased cell apoptosis. The mitochondria play an important role during liver regeneration. Adequate ATP supply, which is largely dependent on effective mitochondrial biogenesis, is essential for progress of liver regeneration. However, ALR gene expression during liver regeneration, particularly its function with mitochondrial DNA synthesis, remains poorly understood. In this study, ALR expression in hepatocytes of mice was suppressed with ALR short-hairpin RNA interference or ALR deletion (knockout, KO). The ALR-defective mice underwent PH, and the liver was allowed to regenerate for 1 wk. Analysis of liver growth and its correlation with mitochondrial biogenesis showed that both ALR mRNA and protein levels increased robustly in control mice with a maximum at days 3 and 4 post-PH. However, ALR knockdown inhibited hepatic DNA synthesis and decelerated liver regeneration after PH. Furthermore, both in the ALR-knockdown and ALR-KO mice, expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α were reduced, resulting in impaired mitochondrial biogenesis. In conclusion, ALR is apparently required to ensure appropriate liver regeneration following PH in mice, and deletion of the ALR gene may delay liver regeneration in part due to impaired mitochondrial biogenesis.

Three novel woody litter inhabiting fungi in Didymosphaeriaceae, Phaeoseptaceae and Synnemasporellaceae from Zhujiangyuan Nature Reserve, Yunnan Province, P.R. China.

Zhujiangyuan Nature Reserve, located in Qujing City, Yunnan Province, China, is reported with high fauna and floral diversity, while the fungal diversity of the region is poorly documented. During the summer season in 2023, decaying wood-inhabiting microfungi were collected from different microhabitats. The novel species were identified based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses (based on combined datasets of ITS, LSU, SSU, tef1-α, and rpb2 regions). Two species belong to Dothideomycetes (viz., Spegazziniazhujiangyuanensis sp. nov. and Phaeoseptumzhujiangyuanense sp. nov. in Pleosporales) while the other one resides in Sordariomycetes (Synnemasporellafanii sp. nov. in Diaporthales). The results are in conformity with the earlier studies that predicted higher fungal diversity in this region.

Paramphibambusabambusicola gen. et. sp. nov., Arecophilaxishuangbannaensis and A.zhaotongensis spp. nov. in Cainiaceae from Yunnan, China.

Morphological comparisons and multi locus phylogenetic analyses (base on the combined genes of ITS, LSU, rpb2 and tub) demonstrated that three new saprobic taxa isolated from bamboo belong to Cainiaceae. These taxa comprise a novel genus Paramphibambusa (P.bambusicolasp. nov.) and two new species, Arecophilaxishuangbannaensis and A.zhaotongensis. The three new taxa belong to Cainiaceae (Xylariales, Sordariomycetes) a poorly studied family, which now comprises eight genera. Paramphibambusa can be distinguished from other Cainiaceae genera in having ascomata with a neck and ascospores lacking longitudinal striation, germ slits or germ pores. The two new Arecophila species clustered in a clade with Arecophila sp. and A.bambusae. Detailed morphological descriptions, illustrations, and an updated phylogenetic tree are provided for the new taxa.

Bio Informatics Analysis of the Relationship Between Mammalian Target of Rapamycin and Colorectal Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to promote the medical treatment of colorectal cancer in our country and to save the lives of patients with colorectal cancer by studying mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the biologic information analysis of colorectal cancer. METHODS: We analyzed mTOR expression and survival differences using data from Coad & read from the TCGA public database and explored the coexpression regulatory network of mTOR. mTOR-regulated mirnas were screened using the Linked Omics database. In addition, we explored the association of mTOR with drug sensitivity, immune cell correlations, microsatellite deletions, tumor mutational burden, and mutational analysis. RESULTS: The expression and survival of mTOR were significant different in colorectal cancer, and were related to the sensitivity of Bleomycin, Cisplatin and Gemcitabine. mTOR is associated with dendritic cell activation, NK cell dormancy, dendritic cell dormancy, and eosinophil granulocyte. mTOR is associated with microsatellite deletions, and tumor mutational load. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these findings, we consumer mTOR as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer.

Photocatalysis screening for group III-V vdW heterostructures constructed by MX (M = Ga, In and X = P, As) monolayers.

To harvest solar energy for water splitting and produce pollution-free hydrogen and oxygen, high-performance photocatalysts are essential. Here, by combining different two-dimensional (2D) group III-V MX (M = Ga, In and X = P, As) monolayers, we designed 144 van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures to identify efficient photoelectrochemical materials. Using first-principles calculations, we investigated the stabilities, electronic properties, and optical properties of these heterostructures. After a careful screening process, we elected GaP/InP in a BB-II stacking configuration as the most promising candidate. This specific GaP/InP configuration has a type-II band alignment with a gap value of 1.83 eV. The conduction band minimum (CBM) is located at -4.276 eV, and the valence band maximum (VBM) is located at -6.217 eV, fully satisfying the requirements of the catalytic reaction under pH = 0. Additionally, light absorption has been improved through the construction of the vdW heterostructure. These results could help in understanding the properties of the III-V heterostructures and guide the experimental synthesis of these materials for photocatalysis applications.

Physicochemical properties of ultrasound-pretreated pea starch and its inclusion complexes with lauric acid.

Ultrasound is a promising green technology for modifying starch. The influence of ultrasound pretreatment (UPT) at diverse temperatures on the morphology and molecular structure of pea starch and its ability to form inclusion complexes with lipids were investigated. After UPT at each temperature, the starch granules retained an unchanged crystalline structure but exhibited notable changes in short-range molecular order and molecular structure. In comparison with the samples treated at 0 and 20 °C, pea starch subjected to UPT at 40 °C had a significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher complexing index with lauric acid (LA) and the starch-LA inclusion complex exhibited a higher enthalpy change, relative crystallinity, and resistant starch content. These differences were attributed to the higher temperature causing changes in the disruption points of starch chains and an enlargement in the molecular weight of linear chains. These results may promote the utilization of ultrasound for effective starch modification.

First-principles calculation of the optical properties of the YBa2Cu3O7-δ oxygen vacancies model.

We used first-principles methods to investigate how oxygen vacancy defects affect the optical properties of YBa2Cu3O7-δ (0 < δ < 1), a high-temperature superconductor with potential applications in optical detectors. We calculated the electronic structure of YBa2Cu3O7-δ with different amounts of oxygen vacancies at three different sites: Cu-O chains, CuO2 planes, and apical oxygens. The formation energy calculations support the formation of oxygen vacancies in the Cu-O chain at higher concentrations of vacancy defects, with a preference for alignment in the same chain. The presence of oxygen vacancies affects the optical absorption peak of YBa2Cu3O7-δ in different ways depending on their location and concentration. The optical absorption peaks in the visible range (1.6-3.2 eV) decrease in intensity and shift towards the infrared spectrum as oxygen vacancies increase. We demonstrate that oxygen vacancies can be used as a powerful tool to manipulate the optical response of YBa2Cu3O7-δ to different wavelengths in optical detector devices.

The alterations in granule, shell, blocklets, and molecular structure of pea starch induced by ultrasound.

Understanding the alterations to starch multi-scale structure induced by ultrasound treatment can help in determining the effective application of ultrasound in functional-starch preparation. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize and understand the morphological, shell, lamellae, and molecular structures of pea starch granules treated by ultrasound under different temperatures. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses showed that UT (ultrasound treatment) did not change C-type of crystalline, but caused a pitted surface and endowed a looser structure and higher enzyme susceptibility as the temperature increased above 35 °C for pea starch granules. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering analyses revealed that UT reduced the short-range ordering and increased the thickness of semi-crystalline and amorphous lamellae by inducing starch chain depolymerization, which was manifested by molecule weight and chain length distribution analysis. The sample ultrasound-treated at 45 °C had the higher proportion of B2 chains compared with the other ultrasound-treated samples because the higher ultrasonic temperature altered the disruption sites of starch chains.

Research on property and burning behavior of flammable casing for underground coal gasification.

In this work, the comprehensive properties of flammable casing for underground coal gasification is systematically investigated, including flammable casing material physical, chemical and mechanical properties and full-size flammable casing mechanical properties and burning behavior. The flammable casing material consists of magnesium alloy matrix and rare earth particles, thermal conductivity and expansion property of which are weak. Results of high-temperature tensile test reveal that flammable casing material has good high temperature strength which declines by 30 % at 300 °C. Corrosion rate of flammable casing material is relatively high without extra protection. The full-size flammable casing possesses considerable mechanical property, thread property and high temperature collapse resistance. Burning of flammable casing is safe and stable. Burning rate of flammable casing material can be effectively controlled by water flow. Combustion product of flammable casing presents powder condition, which has no risk of blocking the gasification channel. To sum up, flammable casing is necessary to the realization of underground coal gasifying process, which plays the significant role of the development and application of underground coal gasification technology.

Validation of the JAMR F1701T (arm type) pressure monitor according to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/ISO 81060-2:2018 protocol.

To validate the JAMR F1701T (arm type) blood pressure (BP) monitor according to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization (AAMI/ESH/ISO) Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018). A total of 90 subjects (male 60 and female 30) were recruited to fulfill the criteria of the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard (the number, gender, age, limber size, and BP distribution), and sequential measurements of BP, including both SBP and DBP were obtained using the test device and the standard mercury sphygmomanometer. A total of 270 sets of comparison data (three sets of each subject) were obtained and analyzed. According to the validation criterion 1 of ISO 81060-2:2018, the mean ± SD of the differences between the JAMR F1701T and mercury sphygmomanometer BP (systolic/diastolic) readings was 2.06 ± 6.83/-4.84 ± 5.23 mmHg. For criterion 2, the SD of the averaged BP (systolic/diastolic) differences between the JAMR F1701 and reference BP (systolic/diastolic) per participant was 5.62/4.39 mmHg (the requirement was ≤6.43/5.01 mmHg by calculation). The JAMR F1701T met all the requirements of the ISO 81060-2:2018, and can be recommended for clinical and self/home use.

The complete plastid genome of a medicinal tree Lindera chienii Cheng 1934 (Lauraceae: Laureae).

Lindera chienii Cheng 1934 is an important medicine plant. The first complete plastid genome sequence of L. chienii was assembled and analyzed in this study. The plastid genome is 152,744 bp in length with a GC content of 39.15%, contains a large single-copy region of 93,767 bp and a small single-copy region of 18,843 bp, which were separated by a pair of inverted repeat regions of 20,067 bp. A total of 128 genes were detected in the plastid genome, including eight ribosomal RNA genes, 36 transfer RNA genes, and 81 protein-coding genes. The phylogenomic analysis based on plastid genomes supports the close relationships among Lindera chienii, L. megaphylla and Litsea acutivena.

Complete plastid genome of Litsea honghoensis Liou 1933, an endangered evergreen species in China.

Litsea honghoensis Liou is an endangered tree endemic to south China. In this study, the first complete plastid genome of L. honghoensis was presented, which had a length of 152,605 base pairs (bp) with a GC content of 39.20%. The genome consisted of a large single-copy (LSC) region of 93,560 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,905 bp, and two inverted repeat regions (IRa and IRb) of 20,070 bp. There were 125 genes in the plastid genome, including 81 protein-coding genes, 36 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Phylogenomic analysis based on 52 complete plastomes of Laureae in the family Lauraceae supports the close relationships among L. honghoensis, Lindera communis, Lindera nacusua, Lindera angustifolia, and Lindera glauca.

Superior Creep Resistance and Remnant Strength of Novel Tempered Ferritic-Martensitic Steels Designed by Element Addition.

The in situ combustion (ISC) technique is promisingly applied in heavy oil recovery, whereas the operation inevitably causes high temperature and high pressure for a long duration in the thermal recovery well. As a critical component, oil casing, traditionally made of plain carbon steel in China, generally suffers from poor creep resistance and degraded remnant strength under such a harsh environment, which leads to frequent casing damage and inferior recovery efficiency. In this study, a strategy was adopted to tackle the issue by adding chromium (Cr) element into the plain carbon steel. We designed two types of novel steel with the respective addition of 1 wt.% and 13 wt.% Cr element into plain carbon steel for oil casing. Surprisingly, the trace addition of Cr element with 1 wt.% effectively lowered the creep rate in a creep test at 600 °C and 400 MPa and maintained high remnant tensile strength after creep. More significantly, prior creep history dramatically enhanced remnant strength when Cr element was added up to 13 wt.%. After a long-term creep time of 96 h, the samples were conferred by a stress increment of ~92.5 MPa (~11.0%) relative to the creep-free counterparts, whereas the value was reduced by ~158.4 MPa (~17.8%) for plain carbon steel under the same deformation conditions. Such superior mechanical performances in the Cr-doped steels are mainly ascribed to precipitation retardation of carbides and sluggish precipitate coarsening, which continuously favors a precipitation-strengthening effect in steel. These findings provide a fundamental understanding of precipitation response and creep behaviors and, more importantly, enable the development of high-performance steels used in the field of unconventional petroleum and gas resources.