Community medical service construction: identifying factors that influence medical choice for patients with non-communicable chronic diseases in the Southwest China.

BACKGROUND: Community medical institutions play a vital role in China's healthcare system. While the number of these institutions has increased in recent years, their construction contents remain insufficient. The potential of community medical institutions in preventing, screening, diagnosing, and treating non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) has not been fully utilized. This study aims to assess the status of construction contents in community medical institutions in Southwest China and examine how these contents influence the medical choices of NCD patients. METHODS: Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the construction content of community medical institutions. Multiple-sets of multinomial logistic regression were employed to analyze the associations and marginal impacts between construction content and medical choices. Shapley value analysis was applied to determine the contribution and ranking of these impacts. RESULTS: Descriptive statistics revealed satisfactory construction contents in community medical institutions. Notably, factors such as service attitude, nursing services, expert consultations, charging standards, medical equipment, medical examinations, privacy protection, and referrals significantly influenced medical choices. Among these, service attitude, charging standards, and privacy protection had the most significant marginal improvement effects on NCD patients' choices, with improvements of 12.7%, 10.2%, and 5.9%, respectively. The combined contribution of privacy protection, medical examinations, service attitude, charging standards, and nursing services to medical choices exceeded 80%. CONCLUSION: Optimizing the service contents of community institutions can encourage NCD patients to seek medical care at grassroots hospitals. This study addresses crucial gaps in existing literature and offers practical insights for implementing new medical reform policies, particularly in underdeveloped regions of Southwest China focusing on hierarchical diagnosis and treatment.

Relationships among sporophytic and gametophytic traits of 27 subtropical montane moss species.

PREMISE: Moss sporophytes differ strongly in size and biomass partitioning, potentially reflecting reproductive and dispersal strategies. Understanding how sporophyte traits are coordinated is essential for understanding moss functioning and evolution. This study aimed to answer: (1) how the size and proportions of the sporophyte differ between moss species with and without a prominent central strand in the seta, (2) how anatomical and morphological traits of the seta are related, and (3) how sporophytic biomass relates to gametophytic biomass and nutrient concentrations. METHODS: We studied the relationships between seta anatomical and morphological traits, the biomass of seta, capsule, and gametophyte, and carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations of 27 subtropical montane moss species. RESULTS: (1) Moss species with a prominent central strand in the seta had larger setae and heavier capsules than those without a prominent strand. (2) With increasing seta length, setae became thicker and more rounded for both groups, while in species with a prominent central strand, the ratio of transport-cell area to epidermal area decreased. (3) In both groups, mosses with greater gametophytic biomass tended to have heavier sporophytes, but nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the gametophyte were unrelated to sporophytic traits. CONCLUSIONS: Our study highlights that the central strand in the seta may have an important functional role and affect the allometry of moss sporophytes. The coordinated variations in sporophyte morphological and anatomical traits follow basic biomechanical principles of cylinder-like structures, and these traits relate only weakly to the gametophytic nutrient concentrations. Research on moss sporophyte functional traits and their relationships to gametophytes is still in its infancy but could provide important insights into their adaptative strategies.

Temporal and Emotional Variations in People's Perceptions of Mass Epidemic Infectious Disease After the COVID-19 Pandemic Using Influenza A as an Example: Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis Based on Weibo Data.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has had profound impacts on society, including public health, the economy, daily life, and social interactions. Social distancing measures, travel restrictions, and the influx of pandemic-related information on social media have all led to a significant shift in how individuals perceive and respond to health crises. In this context, there is a growing awareness of the role that social media platforms such as Weibo, among the largest and most influential social media sites in China, play in shaping public sentiment and influencing people's behavior during public health emergencies. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to gain a comprehensive understanding of the sociospatial impact of mass epidemic infectious disease by analyzing the spatiotemporal variations and emotional orientations of the public after the COVID-19 pandemic. We use the outbreak of influenza A after the COVID-19 pandemic as a case study. Through temporal and spatial analyses, we aim to uncover specific variations in the attention and emotional orientations of people living in different provinces in China regarding influenza A. We sought to understand the societal impact of large-scale infectious diseases and the public's stance after the COVID-19 pandemic to improve public health policies and communication strategies. METHODS: We selected Weibo as the data source and collected all influenza A-related Weibo posts from November 1, 2022, to March 31, 2023. These data included user names, geographic locations, posting times, content, repost counts, comments, likes, user types, and more. Subsequently, we used latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling to analyze the public's focus as well as the bidirectional long short-term memory model to conduct emotional analysis. We further classified the focus areas and emotional orientations of different regions. RESULTS: The research findings indicate that, compared with China's western provinces, the eastern provinces exhibited a higher volume of Weibo posts, demonstrating a greater interest in influenza A. Moreover, inland provinces displayed elevated levels of concern compared with coastal regions. In addition, female users of Weibo exhibited a higher level of engagement than male users, with regular users comprising the majority of user types. The public's focus was categorized into 23 main themes, with the overall emotional sentiment predominantly leaning toward negativity (making up 7562 out of 9111 [83%] sentiments). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study underscore the profound societal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. People tend to be pessimistic toward new large-scale infectious diseases, and disparities exist in the levels of concern and emotional sentiments across different regions. This reflects diverse societal responses to health crises. By gaining an in-depth understanding of the public's attitudes and focal points regarding these infectious diseases, governments and decision makers can better formulate policies and action plans to cater to the specific needs of different regions and enhance public health awareness.

Medical service quality evaluation based on LDA and sentiment analysis: Examples of seven chronic diseases.

Objective: In this article, we investigate how chronic noncommunicable disease (CND) patients evaluate the medical service, and what obstacles exist in this process, which is useful for hospitals to improve efficiency and enhance patient satisfaction. Methods: Based on the total number of CND patients in China, 7 CNDs were selected as the evaluation objects, and then selected the Haodaifu website as the data source, crawled 15,682 medical service reviews, then the 9 themes were analyzed by the LDA theme model. The evaluation index system of six indicators was constructed based on quality management theory. The binary long short-term memory model was used to analyze the sentiment, and the entropy-valued, TOPSIS and gray correlation model was implemented for medical service quality evaluation; the barrier model was used to find out the key factors limiting medical services. Results: (a) Hypertension was rated at a good level in the degree of gray correlation closeness, bronchitis was rated at a low level and the rest were at an intermediate level. (b) The first two overall barriers were the hospitalization process and registration services which occupy about 30%, respectively. This implies that hospitals should focus on providing registration services and inpatient settings in the future. Conclusion: To promote hospitals to provide better services for patients with CNDs and improve patient satisfaction with medical care. And it is necessary to optimize medical services fundamentally by optimizing the inpatient process and improving the registration process to improve efficiency.

Next-generation sequencing-based transcriptome analysis of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri under insecticide stress reveals resistance-relevant genes in ladybirds.

As the most efficient natural enemy of mealybugs, the ladybird Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant plays an important role in integrated pest management. We report here a profiling analysis of C. montrouzieri under insecticide stress to gain a deeper view of insecticide resistance in ladybirds. For transcriptome sequencing, more than 26 million sequencing reads were produced. These reads were assembled into 38,369 non-redundant transcripts (mean size=453 nt). 23,248 transcripts were annotated with their gene description. Using a tag-based DGE (Digital gene expression) system, over 5.7 million tags were sequenced in both the insecticide stress group and the control group, and mapped to 38,369 transcripts. We obtained 993 genes that were significantly up- or down-regulated under insecticide stress in the ladybird transcriptome. These results can contribute to in-depth research into the molecular mechanisms of resistance and enhance our current understanding of the effects of insecticides on natural enemies.

Thiol-Branched Solid Polymer Electrolyte Featuring High Strength, Toughness, and Lithium Ionic Conductivity for Lithium-Metal Batteries.

Lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) with high energy densities are highly desirable for energy storage, but generally suffer from dendrite growth and side reactions in liquid electrolytes; thus the need for solid electrolytes with high mechanical strength, ionic conductivity, and compatible interface arises. Herein, a thiol-branched solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) is introduced featuring high Li+ conductivity (2.26 × 10-4 S cm-1 at room temperature) and good mechanical strength (9.4 MPa)/toughness (≈500%), thus unblocking the tradeoff between ionic conductivity and mechanical robustness in polymer electrolytes. The SPE (denoted as M-S-PEGDA) is fabricated by covalently cross-linking metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionic acid) pentaerythritol (PETMP), and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) via multiple CSC bonds. The SPE also exhibits a high electrochemical window (>5.4 V), low interfacial impedance (<550 Ω), and impressive Li+ transference number (tLi+ = 0.44). As a result, Li||Li symmetrical cells with the thiol-branched SPE displayed a high stability in a >1300 h cycling test. Moreover, a Li|M-S-PEGDA|LiFePO4 full cell demonstrates discharge capacity of 143.7 mAh g-1 and maintains 85.6% after 500 cycles at 0.5 C, displaying one of the most outstanding performances for SPEs to date.

Effects of transgenic Cry1Ac + CpTI cotton on non-target mealybug pest Ferrisia virgata and its predator Cryptolaemus montrouzieri.

Recently, several invasive mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) have rapidly spread to Asia and have become a serious threat to the production of cotton including transgenic cotton. Thus far, studies have mainly focused on the effects of mealybugs on non-transgenic cotton, without fully considering their effects on transgenic cotton and trophic interactions. Therefore, investigating the potential effects of mealybugs on transgenic cotton and their key natural enemies is vitally important. A first study on the effects of transgenic cotton on a non-target mealybug, Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) was performed by comparing its development, survival and body weight on transgenic cotton leaves expressing Cry1Ac (Bt toxin) + CpTI (Cowpea Trypsin Inhibitor) with those on its near-isogenic non-transgenic line. Furthermore, the development, survival, body weight, fecundity, adult longevity and feeding preference of the mealybug predator Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) was assessed when fed F. virgata maintained on transgenic cotton. In order to investigate potential transfer of Cry1Ac and CpTI proteins via the food chain, protein levels in cotton leaves, mealybugs and ladybirds were quantified. Experimental results showed that F. virgata could infest this bivalent transgenic cotton. No significant differences were observed in the physiological parameters of the predator C. montrouzieri offered F. virgata reared on transgenic cotton or its near-isogenic line. Cry1Ac and CpTI proteins were detected in transgenic cotton leaves, but no detectable levels of both proteins were present in the mealybug or its predator when reared on transgenic cotton leaves. Our bioassays indicated that transgenic cotton poses a negligible risk to the predatory coccinellid C. montrouzieri via its prey, the mealybug F. virgata.