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1.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd ; 156(9): 417-23, 2014 Sep.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25183673

RESUMO

The present article gives a survey over the current scientific knowledge of the canine neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (NCL). NCL is a heterogenous group of lysosomal storage diseases in humans and animals. In consequence of a gene mutation, there is an accumulation of ceroid-lipofuscin in neurons, cells of the retina and the skin and other cells. The stored ceroid-lipofuscin in neurons leads to an impaired cell function and subsequently to cell death. Recently, the underlying genetic defect was discovered in several dog breeds. Genetic testing permits an ante mortem diagnosis of the disease, which up to now was only possible with a positive biopsy result. Another advantage is the identification of carrier animals to eliminate the deleterious alleles.


Le présent travail donne un aperçu ainsi qu'un résumé des connaissances actuelles sur la Céroïde-lipofuscinose neuronale (CLN) chez le chien. La CLN constitue un groupe hétérogène de maladies lysosomales chez l'homme et les animaux. Suite à une mutation génétique, il se produit une accumulation de céroïde-lipofuscine dans les cellules nerveuses, les cellules de la rétine, dans la peau ainsi que dans d'autres cellules du corps. L'accumulation de céroïde-lipofuscine dans les neurones conduit à une détérioration progressive de leurs fonctions et, finalement, à la mort de ces cellules. Le défaut génétique à l'origine de cette affection a été récemment identifié chez le quelques races de chiens. Des tests génétiques permettent de diagnostiquer la maladie sur des animaux vivants, ce qui n'était jusqu'alors possible que par biopsie. Il est en outre possible d'identifier les porteurs hétérozygotes et de les exclure de l'élevage.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão , Lipofuscinoses Ceroides Neuronais , Animais , Cães , Testes Genéticos , Medicina Veterinária
2.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd ; 155(4): 229-32, 2013 Apr.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23531944

RESUMO

In April 2008 a Franches-Montagnes colt was born with an unusual coat colour phenotype which had never been observed in that population before. The foal showed extended white markings on body and legs, a white head and blue eyes. As both parents have an unremarkable bay coat colour phenotype, a de novo mutation was expected in the offspring and a candidate gene approach revealed a spontaneous mutation in the microphthalmia associated transcription factor gene (MITF). A detailed clinical examination in 2010 indicated an impaired hearing capacity. As in the American Paint Horse large white facial markings in combination with blue eyes are associated with deafness, the hearing capacity of the stallion was closer examined performing brainstem auditory-evoked responses (BAER). The BAER confirmed bilateral deafness in the Franches-Montagnes colt. It is assumed that the deafness is caused by a melanocyte deficiency caused by the MITF gene mutation. Unfortunately, due to castration of the horse, the causal association between the mutation in the MITF gene and clinical findings cannot be confirmed by experimental matings.


Assuntos
Surdez/veterinária , Cor de Cabelo/genética , Doenças dos Cavalos/genética , Cavalos/genética , Fator de Transcrição Associado à Microftalmia/genética , Mutação , Animais , Surdez/genética , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico , Cor de Olho/genética , Cavalos/anatomia & histologia , Masculino
3.
J Vet Intern Med ; 22(4): 969-75, 2008.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18647158

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cerebellar cortical degeneration exists in American Staffordshire Terriers. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be suggestive, but a definitive diagnosis requires histopathology. HYPOTHESIS: Computer-assisted MRI morphometry can be used to distinguish between American Staffordshire Terriers with or without cerebellar cortical degeneration. ANIMALS: Normal American Staffordshire Terriers (n = 17) and those with clinical signs of cerebellar cortical degeneration (n = 14). METHODS: This was a partly retrospective and partly prospective study. Causes of cerebellar disease were ruled out with brain MRI, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis, CBC, blood biochemistry, and clinical follow-up. On T2-weighted midsagittal MR images, the following parameters were calculated: size of the cerebellum relative to the entire brain, size of the CSF space surrounding the cerebellum relative to the cerebellum, and 2 threshold-dependent cerebellar CSF indices (with and without surrounding CSF). RESULTS: Statistical analyses indicated a significantly lower relative cerebellar size (P < .001) and a larger relative cerebellar CSF space (P < .001) in dogs with cerebellar cortical degeneration. The measurement of relative cerebellar size could distinguish between affected and nonaffected dogs with a sensitivity and a specificity of 93 and 94%, respectively, using a cut-off of 13.3%. Using a cut-off of 12.8%, the measurement of relative CSF space could distinguish between both groups with a sensitivity of 93% and a specificity of 100%. There was a significant difference in 1 of the 2 CSF indices between affected and normal dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Relative cerebellar size and relative CSF space calculated from MRI are effective in American Staffordshire Terriers to differentiate between normal animals and those with cerebellar cortical degeneration.


Assuntos
Córtex Cerebelar/patologia , Doenças Cerebelares/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/veterinária , Animais , Doenças Cerebelares/genética , Doenças Cerebelares/patologia , Doenças do Cão/genética , Cães , Predisposição Genética para Doença
4.
J Vet Intern Med ; 32(1): 305-313, 2018 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29194770

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Although the basic pathophysiology is the same in both cervical and thoracolumbar intervertebral disk (IVD) extrusions, there are considerable clinical differences that have only been partially explained. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: The epidural inflammatory response differs between cervical and thoracolumbar IVD extrusions. ANIMALS: Fifty-five dogs with cervical and 80 dogs with thoracolumbar IVD extrusions. METHODS: Clinical data and histopathologic variables were investigated. Associations between severity of epidural inflammation and clinical and pathologic variables, impact of chondrodystrophic phenotype, and localization (cervical versus thoracolumbar) were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: Dogs with cervical IVD extrusion were significantly older (P < 0.001), had less severe and longer duration of neurologic signs (both P < 0.001), were more painful (P = 0.038), and had a better outcome (P = 0.005) than dogs with a thoracolumbar IVD extrusion. On histopathology, cervical epidural material had less severe calcification (P = 0.002) and inflammation (P < 0.001). No significant differences regarding chondrodystrophic phenotype were found. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: There was significantly less intensive inflammatory response in the cervical epidural space. This observation correlated positively with less nucleus pulposus calcification in cervical extrusions indicating biochemical, metabolic, and biomechanical differences between the 2 locations, which remain to be characterized in future studies.


Assuntos
Vértebras Cervicais/patologia , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Espaço Epidural/patologia , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/veterinária , Vértebras Lombares/patologia , Vértebras Torácicas/patologia , Animais , Cães , Feminino , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/patologia , Masculino
5.
J Thromb Haemost ; 16(12): 2501-2514, 2018 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30347494

RESUMO

Essentials The rs773902 SNP results in differences in platelet protease-activated receptor (PAR4) function. The functional consequences of rs773902 were analyzed in human platelets and stroke patients. rs773902 affects thrombin-induced platelet function, PAR4 desensitization, stroke association. Enhanced PAR4 Thr120 effects on platelet function are blocked by ticagrelor. SUMMARY: Background F2RL3 encodes protease-activated receptor (PAR) 4 and harbors an A/G single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs773902) with racially dimorphic allelic frequencies. This SNP mediates an alanine to threonine substitution at residue 120 that alters platelet PAR4 activation by the artificial PAR4-activation peptide (PAR4-AP) AYPGKF. Objectives To determine the functional effects of rs773902 on stimulation by a physiological agonist, thrombin, and on antiplatelet antagonist activity. Methods Healthy human donors were screened and genotyped for rs773902. Platelet function in response to thrombin was assessed without and with antiplatelet antagonists. The association of rs773902 alleles with stroke was assessed in the Stroke Genetics Network study. Results As compared with rs773902 GG donors, platelets from rs773902 AA donors had increased aggregation in response to subnanomolar concentrations of thrombin, increased granule secretion, and decreased sensitivity to PAR4 desensitization. In the presence of PAR1 blockade, this genotype effect was abolished by higher concentrations of or longer exposure to thrombin. We were unable to detect a genotype effect on thrombin-induced PAR4 cleavage, dimerization, and lipid raft localization; however, rs773902 AA platelets required a three-fold higher level of PAR4-AP for receptor desensitization. Ticagrelor, but not vorapaxar, abolished the PAR4 variant effect on thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. A significant association of modest effect was detected between the rs773902 A allele and stroke. Conclusion The F2RL3 rs773902 SNP alters platelet reactivity to thrombin; the allelic effect requires P2Y12 , and is not affected by gender. Ticagrelor blocks the enhanced reactivity of rs773902 A platelets. PAR4 encoded by the rs773902 A allele is relatively resistant to desensitization and may contribute to stroke risk.


Assuntos
Plaquetas/efeitos dos fármacos , Variantes Farmacogenômicos , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/farmacologia , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Antagonistas do Receptor Purinérgico P2Y/farmacologia , Receptores Purinérgicos P2Y12/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Trombina/agonistas , Receptores de Trombina/genética , Trombina/farmacologia , Ticagrelor/farmacologia , Adulto , Animais , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Células COS , Chlorocebus aethiops , Interações Medicamentosas , Feminino , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Agregação Plaquetária/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores Purinérgicos P2Y12/metabolismo , Receptores de Trombina/metabolismo , Fatores de Risco , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/sangue , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/genética , Adulto Jovem
6.
Sci Rep ; 8(1): 5818, 2018 04 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29643404

RESUMO

Canine leukoencephalomyelopathy (LEMP) is a juvenile-onset neurodegenerative disorder of the CNS white matter currently described in Rottweiler and Leonberger dogs. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) allowed us to map LEMP in a Leonberger cohort to dog chromosome 18. Subsequent whole genome re-sequencing of a Leonberger case enabled the identification of a single private homozygous non-synonymous missense variant located in the highly conserved metallo-beta-lactamase domain of the N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D (NAPEPLD) gene, encoding an enzyme of the endocannabinoid system. We then sequenced this gene in LEMP-affected Rottweilers and identified a different frameshift variant, which is predicted to replace the C-terminal metallo-beta-lactamase domain of the wild type protein. Haplotype analysis of SNP array genotypes revealed that the frameshift variant was present in diverse haplotypes in Rottweilers, and also in Great Danes, indicating an old origin of this second NAPEPLD variant. The identification of different NAPEPLD variants in dog breeds affected by leukoencephalopathies with heterogeneous pathological features, implicates the NAPEPLD enzyme as important in myelin homeostasis, and suggests a novel candidate gene for myelination disorders in people.


Assuntos
Doenças Desmielinizantes/genética , Doenças do Cão/genética , Leucoencefalopatias/veterinária , Bainha de Mielina/patologia , Fosfolipase D/genética , Animais , Doenças Desmielinizantes/patologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Doenças do Cão/sangue , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Cães , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Haplótipos , Humanos , Leucoencefalopatias/sangue , Leucoencefalopatias/genética , Leucoencefalopatias/patologia , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma
7.
J Small Anim Pract ; 48(8): 462-5, 2007 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17663663

RESUMO

Three Bavarian mountain dogs aged between 18 and 20 months, not related to each other, were presented with chronic signs of cerebellar dysfunction. On sagittal T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging brain images, the tentative diagnosis of cerebellar hypoplasia was established based on an enlarged cerebrospinal fluid space around the cerebellum and an increased cerebrospinal fluid signal between the folia. Post-mortem examination was performed in one dog and did show an overall reduction of cerebellar size. On histopathologic examination, a selective loss of cerebellar granule cells with sparing of Purkinje cells was evident. Therefore, the Bavarian mountain dog is a breed where cerebellar cortical degeneration caused by the rather exceptional selective granule cell loss can be seen as cause of chronic, slowly progressive cerebellar dysfunction starting at an age of several months.


Assuntos
Córtex Cerebelar/patologia , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Degenerações Espinocerebelares/veterinária , Animais , Autopsia/veterinária , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Doenças do Cão/patologia , Cães , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/veterinária , Masculino , Linhagem , Degenerações Espinocerebelares/diagnóstico
8.
J Vet Intern Med ; 30(4): 1099-111, 2016 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27353293

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The pathophysiology of ascending/descending myelomalacia (ADMM) after canine intervertebral disk (IVD) extrusion remains poorly understood. Vasoactive molecules might contribute. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To investigate the immunoreactivity of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the uninjured and injured spinal cord of dogs and its potential association with intramedullary hemorrhage and extension of myelomalacia. ANIMALS: Eleven normal control and 34 dogs with thoracolumbar IVD extrusion. METHODS: Spinal cord tissue of dogs retrospectively selected from our histopathologic database was examined histologically at the level of the extrusion (center) and in segments remote from the center. Endothelin-1 immunoreactivity was examined immunohistochemically and by in situ hybridization. Associations between the immunoreactivity for ET-1 and the severity of intramedullary hemorrhage or the extension of myelomalacia were examined. RESULTS: Endothelin-1 was expressed by astrocytes, macrophages, and neurons and only rarely by endothelial cells in all dogs. At the center, ET-1 immunoreactivity was significantly higher in astrocytes (median score 4.02) and lower in neurons (3.21) than in control dogs (3.0 and 4.54) (P < .001; P = .004) irrespective of the grade of hemorrhage or myelomalacia. In both astrocytes and neurons, there was a higher ET-1 immunoreactivity in spinal cord regions remote from the center (4.58 and 4.15) than in the center itself (P = .013; P = .001). ET-1 mRNA was present in nearly all neurons with variable intensity, but not in astrocytes. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Enhanced ET-1 immunoreactivity over multiple spinal cord segments after IVD extrusion might play a role in the pathogenesis of ADMM. More effective quantitative techniques are required.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Endotelina-1/imunologia , Hematoma Subdural/veterinária , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/veterinária , Animais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Doenças do Cão/imunologia , Cães , Feminino , Hematoma Subdural/diagnóstico por imagem , Hematoma Subdural/imunologia , Imuno-Histoquímica/veterinária , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/imunologia , Masculino , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
9.
Biochim Biophys Acta ; 876(2): 271-9, 1986 Apr 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2420365

RESUMO

The metabolism of arachidonic acid was studied using basal and differentiated keratinocytes as well as sebaceous cells isolated from hairless mice. These disassociated cells metabolized arachidonic acid predominantly to the prostaglandin H synthase products prostaglandins E2 and D2. 12-Hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid (HHT), prostaglandin F2 alpha, thromboxane B2 and 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha were also detected. Smaller amounts of the lipoxygenase products 5-, 12- and 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) were also detected. The major lipoxygenase product observed was 12-HETE. No leukotrienes or dihydroxy fatty acids were observed. The identity of the metabolites was established using several high-pressure liquid chromatography solvent systems. The biosynthesis of prostaglandins E2 and D2 was very rapid and was inhibited by the addition of indomethacin to the cells. The mixed population of keratinocytes and sebaceous cells were separated into enriched fractions by metrizamide gradients and elutriation techniques. The small, undifferentiated cells had high prostaglandin H synthase and 12-lipoxygenase activity. The basal cell-enriched fractions had the highest activity. With increasing differentiation of the cells, decreased biosynthetic activity was observed. These results indicate that undifferentiated keratinocytes, that is, the basal cells, may be an important source of prostaglandins and 12-HETE but are not a source of leukotrienes for the hairless mouse. It also suggests a role for keratinocyte-derived eicosanoids in the normal physiology of epidermal differentiation.


Assuntos
Ácidos Araquidônicos/metabolismo , Epiderme/metabolismo , Queratinas/metabolismo , Pele/metabolismo , Animais , Ácido Araquidônico , Calcimicina/farmacologia , Diferenciação Celular , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Células Epidérmicas , Epiderme/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Técnicas In Vitro , Indometacina/farmacologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Pelados , Prostaglandinas/biossíntese , Glândulas Sebáceas/metabolismo , Pele/citologia
11.
J Invest Dermatol ; 81(1): 14-20, 1983 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6345682

RESUMO

Immune deposits at the cutaneous basement membrane zone are a characteristic feature of systemic lupus erythematosus. Previous studies using immunofluorescent methods to detect complement components have provided evidence that some deposits contain immune complexes capable of activating complement. However, this important biologic property of complexes has not been detected or measured using functional assays, and it has not been determined whether immune deposits can activate complement at the basement membrane zone. In this study immune deposits in biopsies of lupus skin have been examined using direct immunofluorescence for the third component of complement (C3) to detect complement deposited in vivo. In addition, the deposits have been studied using the leukocyte attachment assay and indirect C3 binding immunofluorescence to detect and measure complement activation at the basement membrane zone in vitro. The results show that complement activation occurs at the basement membrane in some but not all lupus skin containing immunoglobulin deposits, that deposits differ quantitatively in their ability to activate complement, and that direct C3 immunofluorescence is a relatively insensitive method for detecting complement-activating complexes. The results provide functional evidence suggesting that immune deposits in some lupus skin are complement-activating complexes and potentially capable of activating complement at the basement membrane in vivo. Furthermore, the results suggest functional assays for evaluating complement-activating complexes may be valuable supplements to immunofluorescence in exploring the relationship between immune deposits and systemic and cutaneous disease.


Assuntos
Ativação do Complemento , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/imunologia , Pele/imunologia , Membrana Basal/imunologia , Complemento C3/metabolismo , Imunofluorescência , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas/metabolismo , Leucócitos/imunologia
13.
Vet J ; 201(1): 101-8, 2014 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24888678

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings associated with presumed elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) in dogs and to evaluate whether MRI could be used to discriminate between dogs with and without elevated ICP. Of 91 dogs that underwent cranial MRI examination, 18 (19.8%) were diagnosed with elevated ICP based on neurological examination, fundoscopy and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. The MRI findings that showed the strongest association with elevated ICP were mass effect (odds ratio [OR], 78.5), caudal transtentorial herniation (OR, 72.0), subfalcine herniation (OR, 45.6), perilesional oedema (OR, 34.0), displacement of the lamina quadrigemina (OR, 27.7) and effacement of the cerebral sulci (OR, 27.1). The presence of any two or more of the following MRI findings identified elevated ICP with a sensitivity of 72% and a specificity of 96%: compression of the suprapineal recess, compression of the third ventricle, compression of the fourth ventricle, effacement of the cerebral sulci and caudal transposition of the lamina quadrigemina. In conclusion, there is an association between MRI findings and elevated ICP in dogs; therefore, MRI might be useful to discriminate between dogs with and without elevated ICP.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão Intracraniana/veterinária , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/veterinária , Animais , Cães , Feminino , Hipertensão Intracraniana/diagnóstico , Masculino , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Suíça
14.
J Vet Intern Med ; 27(4): 924-34, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23647367

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the pathologic changes in the epidural space after intervertebral disk (IVD) extrusion in the dog. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the pathology of the epidural inflammatory response, and to search for correlations between this process and clinical findings. METHODS: Clinical data from 105 chondrodystrophic (CD) and nonchondrodystrophic (NCD) dogs with IVD extrusion were recorded. Epidural material from these dogs was examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Using statistical analysis, we searched for correlations between severity of epidural inflammation and various clinical and pathologic variables. RESULTS: Most dogs exhibited an epidural inflammatory response, ranging from acute invasion of neutrophils to formation of chronic granulation tissue. The mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates consisted mostly of monocytes and macrophages and only few T and B cells. Surprisingly, chronic inflammatory patterns also were found in animals with an acute clinical history. Severity of the epidural inflammation correlated with degree of the epidural hemorrhage and nucleus pulposus calcification (P = .003 and .040), but not with age, chondrodystrophic phenotype, neurologic grade, back pain, pretreatment, or duration. The degree of inflammation was statistically (P = .021) inversely correlated with the ability to regain ambulation. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Epidural inflammation occurs in the majority of dogs with IVD extrusion and may develop long before the onset of clinical signs. Presence of calcified IVD material and hemorrhage in the epidural space may be the triggers of this lesion rather than an adaptive immune response to the nucleus pulposus as suggested in previous studies. Because epidural inflammation may affect outcome, further research is warranted.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/patologia , Dura-Máter/patologia , Inflamação/veterinária , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/veterinária , Animais , Cães , Feminino , Imuno-Histoquímica , Inflamação/etiologia , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/patologia , Masculino
15.
Vet J ; 198(1): 70-5, 2013 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23702280

RESUMO

The outcome of spinal surgery in dogs with absent voluntary motor function and nociception following intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation is highly variable, which likely attests to differences in the severity of spinal cord damage. This retrospective study evaluated the extent to which neurological signs correlated with histologically detected spinal cord damage in 60 dogs that were euthanased because of thoracolumbar IVD herniation. Clinical neurological grades correlated significantly with the extent of white matter damage (P<0.001). However, loss of nociception also occurred in 6/31 (19%) dogs with relatively mild histological changes. The duration of clinical signs, Schiff-Sherrington posture, loss of reflexes and pain on spinal palpation were not significantly associated with the severity of spinal cord damage. Although clinical-pathological correlation was generally good, some clinical signs frequently thought to indicate severe cord injury did not always correlate with the degree of cord damage, suggesting functional rather than structural impairment in some cases.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/patologia , Cães , Degeneração do Disco Intervertebral/veterinária , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/veterinária , Vértebras Lombares/patologia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/veterinária , Vértebras Torácicas/patologia , Animais , Doenças do Cão/etiologia , Cães/lesões , Feminino , Degeneração do Disco Intervertebral/complicações , Degeneração do Disco Intervertebral/patologia , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/complicações , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/patologia , Vértebras Lombares/lesões , Masculino , Nociceptividade , Postura , Reflexo Anormal , Estudos Retrospectivos , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/complicações , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/patologia , Suíça , Vértebras Torácicas/lesões
16.
Aliment Pharmacol Ther ; 33(2): 225-34, 2011 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21083673

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cough may be a manifestation of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The utility of acid suppression in GERD-related cough is uncertain. AIM: To assess the impact of high-dose acid suppression with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) on chronic cough in subjects with rare or no heartburn. METHODS: Subjects were nonsmokers without history of asthma, with chronic cough for >8 weeks. All subjects underwent a baseline 24-h pH/impedance study, methacholine challenge test and laryngoscopy. Subjects were randomised to either 40 mg of esomeprazole twice daily or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the Cough-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (CQLQ). Secondary outcomes were response on Fisman Cough Severity/Frequency scores and change in laryngeal findings. RESULTS: Forty subjects were randomised (22 PPI, 18 placebo) and completed the study. There was no difference between PPI and placebo in CQLQ (mean improvement 9.8 vs. 5.9 respectively, P = 0.3), or Fisman Cough Severity/Frequency scores. Proportion of patients who improved by >1 s.d. on the CQLQ was 27.8% (five of 18) and 31.8% (seven of 22) in the placebo and PPI groups respectively. CONCLUSION: In subjects with chronic cough and rare or no heartburn, high-dose proton pump inhibitor does not improve cough-related quality of life or symptoms.


Assuntos
Tosse/tratamento farmacológico , Esomeprazol/uso terapêutico , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/complicações , Inibidores da Bomba de Prótons/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Doença Crônica , Tosse/complicações , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Estatística como Assunto , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
19.
J Small Anim Pract ; 50(5): 246-50, 2009 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19425174

RESUMO

An 18-month-old European shorthair cat was presented with a two week history of progressive decrease in consciousness, ambulatory tetraparesis, moderate ataxia and generalised decreased-to-absent postural reactions. Bilateral facial and nasal hypalgesia, absent menace response and anisocoria were found, and segmental spinal reflexes were normal. Neurological signs progressed to nonambulatory tetraparesis, tremor and spinal hyperalgesia. Histopathological examination revealed a mild-to-moderate lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic infiltration, predominantly in the dorsal spinal roots, cranial nerves and ganglia in association with marked demyelination and proliferation of Schwann cells. Neurons and axons were preserved. Lesions were multi-focal and varied in severity. A predominantly sensory polyganglioradiculoneuritis was diagnosed. This lesion has not been reported previously in cats. Rabies, herpesviruses, feline infectious peritonitis, feline immunodeficiency virus, Toxoplasma gondii and feline leukaemia virus were excluded as possible aetiologies. Infections by other viruses or an autoimmune disease are discussed.


Assuntos
Doenças do Gato/diagnóstico , Polirradiculoneuropatia/veterinária , Animais , Doenças do Gato/patologia , Gatos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Eutanásia Animal , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Coxeadura Animal/diagnóstico , Polirradiculoneuropatia/diagnóstico , Polirradiculoneuropatia/patologia , Células de Schwann/patologia , Raízes Nervosas Espinhais/patologia
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