RESUMO
Four 7,20-epoxy ent-kaurane diterpenoids, xerophilusins G (1) and I-K (2-4), were isolated from the leaves of Isodon xerophilus, along with four known ones, enanderianin C (5), rosthorin A (6), longikaurin B (7), and rabdoternin D (8). Their structures were determined primarily using NMR spectroscopic techniques. The structure and stereochemistry of 3 were confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Compounds 4 and 7 exhibited broad cytotoxicity against four kinds of human tumor cells (K562, HL-60, HCT, and MKN-28 cells) in the range of 2.23-15.35 and 0.30-8.61 microg/ml, respectively.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Diterpenos do Tipo Caurano , Diterpenos/química , Lamiaceae/química , Plantas Tóxicas/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/toxicidade , Cristalografia por Raios X , Diterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Diterpenos/toxicidade , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Espectrometria de Massas , Modelos Moleculares , Conformação MolecularRESUMO
A new ent-kaurane diterpenoid, phyllostachysin C (1), together with five known compounds, sculponeatins B and C, nodosin, ursolic acid and 2 alpha-hydroxyursolic acid, were isolated from the leaves of Isodon phyllostachys. The structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of its spectral properties.
Assuntos
Diterpenos/química , Lamiaceae , Plantas Medicinais , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Humanos , Folhas de PlantaRESUMO
The isolation from the acetone extract of Lethariella cladonioides of the new compound cladonioidesin (1) and 10 other constituents is reported.
Assuntos
Ascomicetos , Ácidos Ftálicos/química , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/química , HumanosRESUMO
Five new steroids, colebrin A-E (1-5) were isolated from the aerial parts of Clerodendrum colebrookianum. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral evidence.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Saponinas/química , HumanosRESUMO
Non-invasive prediction of tachycardia mechanism is becoming clinically important in the era of catheter ablation for curing supraventricular tachycardia. Twelve-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) during sinus rhythm and atrioventricular node re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) or atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT) with a narrow QRS complex were obtained from 154 consecutive adult patients who had received successful radiofrequency catheter ablation. The ECGs of initial 104 patients were analysed by three observers without knowledge of the electrophysiological diagnosis. The two arrhythmias were accurately diagnosed in 68% of cases. Three criteria were found to be discriminators of tachycardia mechanism by univariable analysis. Pseudo r/Q/S waves predicated AVNRT in 92% of cases (sensitivity 71%; specificity 95%). Retrograde P wave predicated AVRT in 86% of cases (sensitivity 75%; specificity 85%), RP interval > or =100 ms in 93% (sensitivity 71%; specificity 94%) and ST-segment elevation in lead aVR in 83% (sensitivity 71%; specficity 83%). According to the initial results, we proposed a modified stepwise ECG algorithm which used pseudo r/S/Q waves, RP interval and ST-segment elevation in lead aVR during tachycardia. Two observers assessed the modified algorithm in the remaining 50 patients. The algorithm was able to correctly diagnose the tachycardia mechanism in 84% and 87%, respectively. Using the modified algorithm can improve the accuracy and simplify the differential diagnosis between typical AVNRT and AVRT via concealed accessory pathway in adult patients.
Assuntos
Eletrocardiografia/métodos , Taquicardia por Reentrada no Nó Atrioventricular/diagnóstico , Taquicardia Paroxística/diagnóstico , Adulto , Algoritmos , Ablação por Cateter/métodos , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Taquicardia por Reentrada no Nó Atrioventricular/terapia , Taquicardia Paroxística/terapiaRESUMO
Ten xanthones with one or two isoprenoid groups and a prenylated benzophenone isolated from roots of Cudrania cochinchinensis (Moraceae) were tested for their antimicrobial activities against vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Among these compounds, gerontoxanthone H exhibited considerable antibacterial activity against five VRE strains (VanA, VanB and VanC) (MICs = 1.56 microg/ml). Four xanthones, 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-prenylxanthone, gerontoxanthone I, alvaxanthone and isoalvaxanthone, showed weaker antibacterial activity against these VREs (MICs = 3.13-6.25 microg/ml). .
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Enterococcus faecalis/efeitos dos fármacos , Moraceae , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Resistência a Vancomicina , Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Raízes de Plantas , Terpenos/administração & dosagem , Terpenos/farmacologia , Terpenos/uso terapêutico , Xantonas/administração & dosagem , Xantonas/farmacologia , Xantonas/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Six new ent-kaurane diterpenoids, lungshengenins B-G (1-6), together with three known diterpenoids, lungshengenin A (7), inflexin (8), and lushanrubescinsin C (9), were isolated from the leaves and tender branches of Isodon lungshengensis. Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopy, mainly 1D and 2D NMR techniques. Lungshengenins A (7), C (2), and G (6) were cytotoxic toward K562 cells, having IC(50) values equal to or less than 10 microg/mL.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Diterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Sobrevivência Celular , Diterpenos/farmacologia , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Humanos , Células K562 , Espectroscopia de Ressonância MagnéticaRESUMO
Colebroside A (1), a new diglucoside of fatty acid ester of glycerin, was isolated from the aerial parts of Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp., along with nine known compounds (2-10). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compounds 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10 have been obtained from this plant for the first time.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Glucosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Lamiaceae/química , China , Glucosídeos/química , Humanos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Estrutura Molecular , Estruturas Vegetais/químicaRESUMO
Eucaglobulin (1), a new complex of gallotannin and monoterpene, was isolated from the leaves of Eucaloptus globulus. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral data. Four known hydrolyzable tannins [tellimagrandin I (2), eucalbanin C (3), 2-O-digalloyl-1,3,4-tri-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (4), 6-O-digalloyl-1,2,3-tri-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose (5)], as well as gallic acid (6) and (+)-catechin (7), were also isolated. The antibacterial effects of some of these compounds were examined.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas , Eucalyptus/química , Taninos Hidrolisáveis , Monoterpenos , Plantas Medicinais , Taninos/isolamento & purificação , Terpenos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromatografia , Humanos , Hidrólise , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estrutura Molecular , Folhas de Planta/química , Taninos/química , Taninos/farmacologia , Terpenos/química , Terpenos/farmacologiaRESUMO
Two new gallotannins, pistafolins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the leaf extract of Pistacia weinmannifolia. Their structures were determined by spectral methods. Four known gallotannins (3-6), seven known flavonoid glycosides (7-13), along with 1-O-beta-D-(6'-O-galloyl)-glucopyranosyl-3-methoxy-5-hydroxybenzen e (14), gallic acid (15), methyl gallate (16), (+)-catechin (17), and (+)-gallocatechin (18), were also isolated. Some of these compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity toward K562 cells, and two small molecular phenolic compounds, 15 and 18, showed significant inhibitory effects with IC50 values less than 5 micrograms/ml.
Assuntos
Flavonoides , Taninos Hidrolisáveis/isolamento & purificação , Fenóis/isolamento & purificação , Polímeros/isolamento & purificação , Rosales/química , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Taninos Hidrolisáveis/química , Taninos Hidrolisáveis/farmacologia , Células K562 , Fenóis/química , Fenóis/farmacologia , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/farmacologia , PolifenóisRESUMO
Three new 7,20:14,20-diepoxy-ent-kaurane diterpenoids, xerophilusins A-C (1-3), together with a known one, macrocalin B (4), were isolated from the leaves of Isodon xerophilus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of their spectral properties and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 showed significant cytotoxic activity against K562, HL-60, and MKN-28 cells.