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We characterized the evolution and molecular characteristics of avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses isolated in China during 2021-2023. We systematically analyzed the 10-year evolution of the hemagglutinin gene to determine the evolutionary branch. Our results showed recent antigenic drift, providing crucial clues for updating the H7N9 vaccine and disease prevention and control.
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Antígenos Virais , Evolução Molecular , Glicoproteínas de Hemaglutininação de Vírus da Influenza , Subtipo H7N9 do Vírus da Influenza A , Influenza Aviária , Influenza Humana , Filogenia , Subtipo H7N9 do Vírus da Influenza A/genética , Subtipo H7N9 do Vírus da Influenza A/imunologia , China/epidemiologia , Animais , Influenza Aviária/virologia , Influenza Aviária/epidemiologia , Glicoproteínas de Hemaglutininação de Vírus da Influenza/genética , Glicoproteínas de Hemaglutininação de Vírus da Influenza/imunologia , Humanos , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/virologia , Influenza Humana/imunologia , Antígenos Virais/imunologia , Antígenos Virais/genética , Aves/virologia , Variação AntigênicaRESUMO
Herein, we report the finding that a naturally sunflower pollen-derived microspheres (HSECs) with hierarchical structures can selectively absorb polyC and polyA with high efficiency and affinity. HSECs exhibit the capability to selectively absorb polyC and polyA ssDNA under neutral and acidic conditions. It has been observed that the presence of metal cations, specifically Ca2+, enhances the absorption efficiency of HSECs. Mechanically, this absorption phenomenon can be attributed to both electrostatic interactions and cation-π interactions. Such an appealing property enables the functionalization of HSECs for broad potential biomedical applications, such as microRNA detection.
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Targeting circular RNA has been a novel approach to preventing and limiting acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Here, we planned to investigate the role and mechanism of circ_0020887 in AMI progression.Hypoxic injury in human cardiomyocytes (AC16) was measured using cell counting kit-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay, flow cytometry, and colorimetric assay kits. RNA and protein expressions were determined using real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting. Direct interplay between RNAs was determined using dual-luciferase reporter, RNA pull-down, and RIP assays.In the plasma and hypoxia-induced AC16 cells of patients with AMI, circ_0020887 and miR-370-3p were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, concomitant with the upregulation of cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1). Circ_0020887 interference could inhibit hypoxia-induced AC16 cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response. Circ_0020887 could sponge miR-370-3p, and miR-370-3p could target CYP1B1. The inhibition effect of circ_0020887 knockdown on hypoxia-induced AC16 cell injury could be reversed by the miR-370-3p inhibitor. Besides, CYP1B1 overexpression also overturned the suppressive effect of miR-370-3p on hypoxia-induced AC16 cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response.In conclusion, circ_0020887 regulated the miR-370-3p/CYP1B1 axis to regulate hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury, confirming that circ_0020887 might promote cardiomyocyte injury.
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MicroRNAs , Infarto do Miocárdio , Humanos , Miócitos Cardíacos , Apoptose/genética , Western Blotting , Hipóxia , MicroRNAs/genética , Proliferação de Células , Citocromo P-450 CYP1B1RESUMO
Pulmonary artery vascular endothelial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the occurrence and progression of pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR). To address this, aberrantly expressed non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) are excellent therapeutic targets in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs). Here, we discovered and validated the overexpression of miRNA-152 in HPAECs under hypoxia and its role in endothelial cell dysfunction. We constructed a framework nucleic acid nanostructure that harbors six protruding single-stranded DNA segments that can fully hybridize with miRNA-152 (DNT-152). DNT-152 was efficiently taken up by HPAECs with increasing time and concentration; it markedly induced apoptosis, and inhibited HPAEC growth under hypoxic conditions. Mechanistically, DNT-152 silenced miRNA-152 expression and upregulated its target gene Meox2, which subsequently inhibited the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These results indicate that miRNA-152 in HPAECs may be an excellent therapeutic target against PVR, and that framework nucleic acids with carefully designed sequences are promising nanomedicines for noncancerous cells and diseases.
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MicroRNAs , Ácidos Nucleicos , Humanos , Proliferação de Células , DNA de Cadeia Simples/metabolismo , Células Endoteliais/metabolismo , Hipóxia/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Ácidos Nucleicos/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Artéria Pulmonar/metabolismo , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/genética , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismoRESUMO
NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? What is the involvement of Mg2+ in mitigating the vasoconstriction in pulmonary arteries and smaller pulmonary arteries in the monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (MCT-PAH) rat model? What are the main finding and its importance? Both store-operated Ca2+ entry- and receptor-operated Ca2+ entry-mediated vasoconstriction were enhanced in the MCT-PAH model. High magnesium inhibited vasoconstriction by directly antagonizing Ca2+ and increasing NO release, and this was more notable in smaller pulmonary arteries. ABSTRACT: Increased extracellular magnesium concentration has been shown to attenuate the endothelin-1-induced contractile response via the release of nitric oxide (NO) from the endothelium in proximal pulmonary arteries (PAs) of chronic hypoxic mice. Here, we further examined the involvement of Mg2+ in the inhibition of vasoconstriction in PAs and distal smaller pulmonary arteries (sPAs) in a monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (MCT-PAH) rat model. The data showed that in control rats vasoconstriction in sPAs is more intense than that in PAs. In MCT-PAH rats, store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE)- and receptor-operated Ca2+ entry (ROCE)-mediated contraction were significantly strengthened. However, there was no upregulation of the vasoconstriction mediated by voltage-dependent calcium entry (VDCE). Furthermore, high magnesium greatly inhibited VDCE-mediated contraction in PAs rather than sPAs, which was the opposite of the ROCE-mediated contraction. Moreover, monocrotaline pretreatment partly eliminated the endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in PAs, which in sPAs, however, was still promoted by magnesium due to the increased NO release in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs). In conclusion, the findings suggest that both SOCE- and ROCE-mediated vasoconstriction in the MCT-PAH model are enhanced, especially in sPAs. The inhibitory effect of high magnesium on vasoconstriction can be achieved partly by its direct role as a Ca2+ antagonist and partly by increasing NO release in PMVECs.
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Hipertensão Pulmonar , Monocrotalina , Animais , Cálcio , Células Endoteliais , Hipertensão Pulmonar/induzido quimicamente , Magnésio/farmacologia , Camundongos , Monocrotalina/efeitos adversos , Artéria Pulmonar , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , VasoconstriçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To make otolaryngologists aware of the variant types of auricular sinus, we have performed a systematic review of patient diagnoses and presented our operative experiences. METHODS: From 2009 to 2013 in Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, there was a total of 20 children with the variant type of auricular sinuses including the comprehensive group. Postauricular sinuses have pits located posterior to the imaginary vertical line that is tangent to the external auditory canal. Sinuses that penetrate the cartilage and cause postauricular swelling or skin defects characterize type 1 of the variant type, while sinuses that adhere to the cartilage and cause preauricular or auricular swelling or skin defects characterize type 2. Patients with pits both anterior to and posterior to the imaginary vertical line comprise the comprehensive group. The patients who had infected underwent auricular sinusectomy using a dual approach, with accurate fistula tracing and proper cartilage removal. RESULTS: Sixteen children who had infected sinus underwent surgery, while the other four were asymptomatic. Ten children (62.5%) of 16 patients were diagnosed as type 1 of the variant type, 2 (12.5%) as type 2. Four children (25%) were diagnosis as the comprehensive group. The asymptomatic could not be defined as the sinuses location were unknown. Sixteen children (100%) of 16 patients who underwent surgery had a history of misdiagnosis and treatment. These patients did not experience recurrence over a 5-year follow-up period. CONCLUSION: The locations of pits and sinuses help to categorize the different types of auricular sinus. The effective method that we have described should be considered a viable way to reduce recurrence.
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Otopatias , Orelha Externa/anormalidades , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Otológicos/métodos , Criança , China , Erros de Diagnóstico/prevenção & controle , Otopatias/congênito , Otopatias/diagnóstico , Otopatias/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Prevenção Secundária , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? The central goal of this study was to elucidate the role of magnesium in the regulation of pulmonary vascular reactivity in relationship to hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. What is the main finding and its importance? We found that magnesium is essential for normal vasoreactivity of the pulmonary artery. Increasing the magnesium concentration attenuates vasoconstriction and improves vasodilatation via release of nitric oxide. Pulmonary hypertension is associated with endothelial dysfunction resulting in the suppression of magnesium modulation of vasodilatation. These results provide evidence that magnesium is important for the modulation of pulmonary vascular function. ABSTRACT: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by enhanced vasoreactivity and sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction, arising from aberrant Ca2+ homeostasis in pulmonary arterial (PA) smooth muscle cells. In addition to Ca2+ , magnesium, the most abundant intracellular divalent cation, also plays crucial roles in many cellular processes that regulate cardiovascular function. Recent findings suggest that magnesium regulates vascular functions by altering the vascular responses to vasodilator and vasoactive agonists and affects endothelial function by modulating endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in hypertension. Administration of magnesium also decreased pulmonary arterial pressure and improved cardiac output in animal models of PH. However, the role of magnesium in the regulation of pulmonary vascular function related to PH has not been studied. In this study, we examined the effects of magnesium on endothelin-1 (ET-1)-induced vasoconstriction, ACh-induced vasodilatation and the generation of NO in PAs of normoxic mice and chronic hypoxia (CH)-treated mice. Our data showed that removal of extracellular magnesium suppressed vasoreactivity of PAs to both ET-1 and ACh. A high concentration of magnesium (4.8 mm) inhibited ET-1-induced vasoconstriction in endothelium-intact or endothelium-disrupted PAs of normoxic and CH-treated mice, and enhanced the ACh-induced production of NO in PAs of normoxic mice. Moreover, magnesium enhanced ACh-induced vasodilatation in PAs of normoxic mice, and the enhancement was completely abolished after exposure to CH. Hence, in this study we demonstrated that increasing the magnesium concentration can attenuate the ET-1-induced contractile response and improve vasodilatation via release of NO from the endothelium. We also demonstrated that chronic exposure to hypoxia can cause endothelial dysfunction resulting in suppression of the magnesium-dependent modulation of vasodilatation.
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Endotelina-1/farmacologia , Hipertensão Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , Hipóxia/tratamento farmacológico , Magnésio/farmacologia , Artéria Pulmonar/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasodilatação/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasodilatadores/farmacologia , Animais , Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Endotélio Vascular/fisiopatologia , Hipertensão Pulmonar/metabolismo , Hipertensão Pulmonar/fisiopatologia , Hipóxia/metabolismo , Hipóxia/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Músculo Liso Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/efeitos dos fármacos , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/fisiologia , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Artéria Pulmonar/metabolismo , Artéria Pulmonar/fisiopatologia , Vasoconstrição/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasoconstritores/farmacologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The collaborative working relationship of nurses with pharmacists has increasingly captured considerable attention. This study measured pharmacy and nursing students' attitudes toward nurse-pharmacist collaboration at a university in China. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the attitudes toward nurse-pharmacist collaboration using a self-developed scale delivered to a sample involving 202 nursing students and 258 pharmacy students enrolled in Wuhan University of Science and Technology. RESULTS: Completed instruments were returned by 192 nursing students (95.0% effective response rate) and 249 pharmacy students (96.5% effective response rate). The average students' score of attitudes toward nurse-pharmacist collaboration was 78.85 out of a total of 100. No significance was found for the attitudes toward nurse-pharmacist collaboration between two professions or between gender. The college freshmen (first-year) students had the maximum scores suggesting the most positive attitude toward nurse-pharmacist collaboration, followed by second- and third-year students, while final-year (fourth-year) students had the least. CONCLUSION: The students had somewhat positive attitudes toward nurse-pharmacist collaboration, but there is still room for improvement.
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Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Comportamento Cooperativo , Relações Interprofissionais , Estudantes de Enfermagem/psicologia , Estudantes de Farmácia/psicologia , China , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Práticas Interdisciplinares , Masculino , Fatores Sexuais , Estudantes de Enfermagem/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudantes de Farmácia/estatística & dados numéricos , UniversidadesRESUMO
The sirtuin SIRT1 is a highly conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent protein deacetylase known to have protective effects against a wide range of neurological disorders. In the present study, we discovered that C57BL/6 mice fed a long-term diet supplemented with high-dose resveratrol exhibited increased cochlear SIRT1 activity and presented a better recovery of hearing and less loss of hair cells after intense noise exposure compared with those fed a standard chew. Moreover, resveratrol attenuated cochlear SIRT1 decrease and reduced oxidative stress in the cochlea after noise exposure. These results suggest a considerable therapeutic potential of resveratrol for the treatment of noise-induced hearing loss.
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Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Cóclea/efeitos dos fármacos , Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/tratamento farmacológico , Resveratrol/uso terapêutico , Sirtuína 1/metabolismo , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Cóclea/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Células Ciliadas Auditivas , Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Resveratrol/farmacologiaRESUMO
HYPOTHESIS: The miR-34a/Bcl-2 signaling pathway may play a role in the mechanisms related to age-related hearing loss (AHL) in the auditory cortex. BACKGROUND: The auditory cortex plays a key role in the recognition and processing of complex sound. It is difficult to explain why patients with AHL have poor speech recognition, so increasing numbers of studies have focused on its central change. Although micro (mi)RNAs in the central nervous system have recently been increasingly reported to be associated with age-related diseases, the molecular mechanisms of AHL in the auditory cortex are not fully understood. METHODS: The auditory brainstem response was used to assess the hearing ability of C57BL/6 mice, and q-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting were used to detect the expression levels of miR-34a and Bcl-2 in the mouse auditory cortex. TUNEL and DNA fragmentation were adopted to detect the apoptosis of neurons in the auditory cortex. To verify the relationship of miR-34a and Bcl-2, we transfected an miR-34a mimic or miR-34a inhibitor into primary auditory cortex neurons. RESULTS: In this study, miR-34a/Bcl-2 signaling was examined in auditory cortex neurons during aging. miR-34a and apoptosis increased in the auditory cortex neurons of C57BL/6 mice with aging, whereas an age-related decrease in Bcl-2 was determined. In the primary neurons of the auditory cortex, miR-34a overexpression inhibited Bcl-2, leading to an increase in apoptosis. Moreover, miR-34a knockdown increased Bcl-2 expression and diminished apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Our results support a link between age-related apoptosis in auditory cortex neurons and miR-34a/Bcl-2 signaling, which may serve as a potential mechanism of the expression of AHL in the auditory cortex.
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Apoptose/genética , Córtex Auditivo/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/genética , Neurônios/metabolismo , Presbiacusia/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/genética , Animais , Córtex Auditivo/citologia , Córtex Auditivo/fisiopatologia , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico/genética , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico/fisiologia , Audição , Perda Auditiva , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Presbiacusia/metabolismo , Presbiacusia/fisiopatologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/genéticaRESUMO
This study was designed to observe the differences between main pulmonary arteries and the third-order branches of pulmonary arteries in the contractile response to phenylephrine (Phen), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and potassium chloride (KCl). The vascular tension changes of main and the third-order branches of pulmonary arteries induced by KCl, ET-1 and Phen were recorded by traditional vascular tone detection methods and microvascular ring technique, respectively. The results showed that Phen could cause a significant contraction in main pulmonary arteries, but did not induce apparent contraction in the third-order branches of pulmonary arteries. Compared with main pulmonary arteries, ET-1 contracted the third-order branches of pulmonary arteries with reduced maximal response value and PD2 value. In comparison with the main pulmonary arteries, contraction caused by KCl was enhanced in the third-order branches of pulmonary arteries. The results suggest that the vascular reactivity of main and the third-order branches of pulmonary arteries is different and it is important to study the vascular function of small branches of pulmonary arteries. This study could provide an important experimental basis for the further study on vascular function of small branches of pulmonary arteries and the functional changes in pulmonary hypertension.
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Endotelina-1/farmacologia , Fenilefrina/farmacologia , Cloreto de Potássio/farmacologia , Artéria Pulmonar/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasoconstrição , Animais , Masculino , RatosRESUMO
Bcl-2, the first gene shown to be involved in apoptosis, is a potent regulator of cell survival and known to have protective effects against a variety of age-related diseases. However, the possible relationship between hearing and Bcl-2 expression in the cochlea or auditory cortex of C57BL/6 mice, a mouse model of age-related hearing loss, is still unknown. Using RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analysis, our results show that Bcl-2 is strongly expressed in the inner hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons of young mice. In addition, moderate Bcl-2 expression is also detected in the outer hair cells and in the neurons of the auditory cortex. A significant reduction of Bcl-2 expression in the cochlea or auditory cortex is also associated with elevated hearing thresholds and hair cell loss during aging. The expression pattern of Bcl-2 in the peripheral and central auditory systems suggests that Bcl-2 may play an important role in auditory function serving as a protective molecule against age-related hearing loss.
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Envelhecimento/metabolismo , Córtex Auditivo/metabolismo , Células Ciliadas Auditivas Internas/metabolismo , Células Ciliadas Auditivas Externas/metabolismo , Neurônios/metabolismo , Presbiacusia/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/genética , Gânglio Espiral da Cóclea/metabolismo , Animais , Córtex Auditivo/citologia , Limiar Auditivo , Western Blotting , Cóclea/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico/fisiologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Presbiacusia/metabolismo , Presbiacusia/fisiopatologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Gânglio Espiral da Cóclea/citologiaRESUMO
This study aimed to prepare soybean dregs dietary fibre (DF) using physically assisted chemical (KHMSO) modification and study its structure, function and vitro simulation experiments. The soluble dietary fibre (SDF) content in KHMSO increased and insoluble dietary fibre (IDF) content decreased. The modified DF surface becomes irregular and rough, and the results of XPS fitting indicated that the DF structure had different peak-splitting groups. The KHMSO-treated group had the lowest digestion rate in gastric fluid and the highest digestibility in intestine fluid. The OD600 of fecal cultures was increased to 0.915, and the increased abundance of microbiota was associated with the metabolism of SCFAs, such as Lachnospiraceae, as well as the higher n-butyric acid in the KHMSO-treated group compared to the other groups and lower than the inulin, suggesting KHMSO might enhance the production of functional foods aimed at promoting intestinal health.
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Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipid status in Zhuang patients with T2DM and to analyze the correlation between compliance with metabolic monitoring and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: A total of 1975 Zhuang patients with T2DM were evaluated in four Class III Grade A hospitals in three prefecture-level cities in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region between January and August 2022. Laboratory indicators, lifestyle, and demographic characteristics were collected. Results: The compliance rates for blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipids were 26.08%, 45.77%, and 30.58%, respectively, and only 5.06% of the patients reached the standard in all three indices. The compliance rates for blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipids in the CVD group were 32.92%, 21.74%, and 9.94%, respectively. In the CVD group, the usage rates of hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, and lipid-lowering drugs were 77.54%, 3.17%, and 4.11%, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that older age (OR = 1.033, 95% CI [1.016, 1.050]), female (OR = 0.402, 95% CI [0.260, 0.621]), smoke (OR = 1.994, 95% CI [1.361, 2.922]), blood pressure noncompliance + use of antihypertensive drugs (OR = 0.348, 95% CI [0.230, 0.527]), and blood lipid noncompliance + use of lipid-lowering drugs (OR = 0.244, 95% CI [0.142, 0.417]) were risk factors for CVDs, and moderate-intensity exercise (OR = 0.439, 95% CI [0.300,0.640]) was protective against CVD. Conclusions: Older age, female, smoke, blood lipid levels, and blood pressure noncompliance were risk factors for CVD while moderate-intensity exercise was observed to be protective.
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Background: Foot deformity is a risk factor for diabetic foot ulcer. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between hallux valgus (HV) and diabetic foot through the radiographic measurement. Methods: The patients with diabetic foot hospitalizing in the Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from September 2016 to June 2020 were selected. Then the foot plain X-ray radiographs were completed, and the size of HV angle (HVA) was measured. Their clinical data were collected, and the ulcer recurrence rate, amputation rate and mortality rate of the patients were followed up. Results: A total of 370 patients were included. According to HVA, patients were divided into non-HV group (HVA<15°), and mild (15°≤HVA ≤ 20°), moderate (20°
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For gas separation and catalysis by metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), gas diffusion has a substantial impact on the process' overall rate, so it is necessary to determine the molecular diffusion behavior within the MOFs. In this study, an interpretable machine learing (ML) model, light gradient boosting machine (LGBM), is trained to predict the molecular diffusivity and selectivity of 9 gases (Kr, Xe, CH4 , N2 , H2 S, O2 , CO2 , H2 , and He). For these 9 gases, LGBM displays high accuracy (average R2 = 0.962) and superior extrapolation for the diffusivity of C2 H6 . And this model calculation is five orders of magnitude faster than molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Subsequently, using the trained LGBM model, an interactive desktop application is developed that can help researchers quickly and accurately calculate the diffusion of molecules in porous crystal materials. Finally, the authors find the difference in the molecular polarizability (ΔPol) is the key factor governing the diffusion selectivity by combining the trained LGBM model with the Shapley additive explanation (SHAP). By the calculation of interpretable ML, the optimal MOFs are selected for separating binary gas mixtures and CO2 methanation. This work provides a new direction for exploring the structure-property relationships of MOFs and realizing the rapid calculation of molecular diffusivity.
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The fine-tuning of metal-organic framework (MOF) pore structures is of critical importance in developing energy-efficient xenon/krypton (Xe/Kr) separation techniques. Capitalizing on reticular chemistry, we constructed a robust Y-based MOF (NU-1801) that is isoreticular to NPF-500 with a shortened organic ligand and a larger metal radius while maintaining the 4,8-connected flu topology, giving rise to a narrowed pore structure for the efficient separation of a Xe/Kr mixture. At 298 K and 1 bar, NU-1801 possessed a moderate Xe uptake of 2.79 mmol/g but exhibited a high Xe/Kr selectivity of 8.2 and an exceptional Xe/Kr uptake ratio of about 400%. NU-1801 could efficiently separate a Xe/Kr mixture (20:80, v/v), as validated by breakthrough experiments, due to the outstanding discrimination in van der Waals interactions of Xe and Kr toward the framework confirmed by grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. This work highlights the importance of reticular chemistry in designing structure-specific MOFs for gas separation.
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The aim of this study was to assess the effects of ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation on microRNA (miRNA) expression in normal human keratinocytes. Global miRNA expression profiles of primary cultures of normal human keratinocytes 4 and 24 h postirradiation were studied using miRNA microarray with further confirmation by real-time PCR. We found that upon 30 or 60 mJ/cm(2) of UVB radiation, the expression of 44 miRNAs was up- or downregulated more than twofold compared with non-irradiated keratinocytes. MiRNAs were either up- or downregulated after 4 h and then either returned to normal levels or remained affected after 24 h, resulting in four distinct patterns of miRNA expression change. It appears that acute exposure of keratinocytes to UVB radiation results in several specific patterns of miRNA response.
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Queratinócitos/metabolismo , Queratinócitos/efeitos da radiação , MicroRNAs/genética , Raios Ultravioleta/efeitos adversos , Células Cultivadas , Reparo do DNA/genética , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos da radiação , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos , Regulação para Cima/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
The hypoxia-inducible factor and vascular endothelial growth factor (HIF-VEGF) pathway in hypoxic conditions of the middle ear due to dysfunction of the eustachian tube is still unknown, but it is considered as one pathogenetic mechanism in otitis media. This study was designed to investigate the possible involvement of the HIF-VEFG pathway in otitis media with effusion induced by dysfunction of the eustachian tube. We adopted a soft palate approach to obstruct the orifice of the eustachian tube to establish otitis media in a rat model. Auditory evoked brainstem response and tympanometry were used as hearing function tests, hypoxia-related factors were examined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The expression of hypoxia-related proteins was detected by Western blot and immunostaining. The model of otitis media with effusion was successfully induced by cauterizing the orifice of the eustachian tube. RT-PCR showed up-regulation of hypoxia-related factors in cauterized ears. Western blot and immunostaining showed that the expression of hypoxia-related proteins in cauterized ears was increased. Hypoxia-induced vascular proliferation and an increase in permeability may be one pathogenetic mechanism of otitis media due to dysfunction of the eustachian tube.
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Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/metabolismo , Hipóxia/metabolismo , Otite Média com Derrame/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/análise , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Animais , Western Blotting , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Tuba Auditiva/fisiopatologia , Hipóxia/complicações , Hipóxia/genética , Subunidade alfa do Fator 1 Induzível por Hipóxia/genética , Imuno-Histoquímica , Otite Média com Derrame/complicações , Otite Média com Derrame/genética , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Transdução de Sinais , Regulação para Cima , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), and the synthesis and secretion of lipids, in HaCaT cells. HaCaT cells were treated with DHT and either the phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 or the extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor PD98059. Real time-PCR, Western blot, Oil Red staining and flow cytometry were employed to examine the mRNA and protein expressions of SREBP-1, the gene transcription of lipid synthesis, and lipid secretion in HaCaT cells. FINDINGS: We found that DHT upregulated mRNA and protein expressions of SREBP-1. DHT also significantly upregulated the transcription of lipid synthesis-related genes and increased lipid secretion, which can be inhibited by the addition of LY294002. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these results indicate that DHT induces SREBP-1 expression and lipogenesis in HaCaT cells via activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt Pathway.