[Bacterial epidemiology in the burns unit at military teaching hospital Mohamed V of Rabat]. / Épidémiologie bactérienne à l'unité des brûlés de l'Hôpital militaire d'instruction de Rabat.

We aimed to establish the ecology of the Burns Unit of the Military Teaching Hospital Mohammed V of Rabat. We present results of a retrospective study of four years (March 2006-June 2010) on all micro-organisms isolated from patient samples. During the study period, we analyzed 307 samples corresponding to isolate bacterial strains from 288 non-redundant and 5 yeasts among which 4 corresponded to Candida albicans. The bacteriological profile of the isolated stumps showed a change between 2006 and 2010. Staphylococcus aureus in 2007 and 2008 (52.3%, 33.9%) was in 3rd position in 2010 (10.5%). Acinetobacter baumannii found in 3rd position or below (3.7%, 11.6%, 15.3%), between 2006 and 2008, reached the summit in 2009 and 2010 (22.6% and 23.7%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, strain dominant in 2006 (33.3%) maintained its second position in 2007, 2008 and 2010 (19.8%, 18.6%, 18.4%) while it was third in 2009 (14.3%). Study of the resistance in antibiotics of the main isolated bacteria showed a stability of the profile of resistance. In conclusion, an epidemiological surveillance of bacteria is necessary, in the burns unit and in the hospital, to guide better the probability antibiotic treatment.

Burn unit: colonization of burn wounds and local environment.

BACKGROUND: We present the results of a comparative prospective study of the resistance profile of strains isolated from pathological material of patients hospitalized in the burn unit of the military hospital in Rabat and from their environment over a period of one and a half years (July 2009-February 2011). METHODS: The study concerned 125 pathological products from patients (40 men, 20 women; mean age 38±14.8 years; range 2 to 80 years) hospitalized with burns. This allowed the isolation of 86 non-redundant bacterial strains during the first period and 50 during the second. RESULTS: The dominant species were Acinetobacter baumannii (15.6%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13.8%) and Staphylococcus aureus (11%). During the second period, we noted the abundance of A. baumannii (15.5%), followed by P. aeruginosa (11.3%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (8.5%). Of the 104 environmental samples of burn patients, 139 microorganisms were isolated. Coagulase-negative staphylococcus was the most abundant strain in the two study periods (69.2% and 64.6%). CONCLUSION: All species showed an almost identical sensitivity to the various antibiotics tested.