[The effectiveness of spasmolytic therapy in chronic acalculous cholecystitis].

The therapeutic efficacy of duspatalin was evaluated in 69 patients with chronic cholecystitis and dyskinesia of the biliary tract (BT). Supplementation of duspatalin to the combined therapy in the patients with chronic cholecystitis shown to exert a pronounced therapeutic effect. This caused positive changes in clinical symptoms and BT function and quality of life, diminished the lithogenic properties of bile.

Measurement of the toughness of bone: a tutorial with special reference to small animal studies.

Quantitative assessment of the strength and toughness of bone has become an integral part of many biological and bioengineering studies on the structural properties of bone and their degradation due to aging, disease and therapeutic treatment. Whereas the biomechanical techniques for characterizing bone strength are well documented, few studies have focused on the theory, methodology, and various experimental procedures for evaluating the fracture toughness of bone, i.e., its resistance to fracture, with particular reference to whole bone testing in small animal studies. In this tutorial, we consider the many techniques for evaluating toughness and assess their specific relevance and application to the mechanical testing of small animal bones. Parallel experimental studies on wild-type rat and mouse femurs are used to evaluate the utility of these techniques and specifically to determine the coefficient of variation of the measured toughness values.

[Features of microcirculatory disorders in acute and recurrent hemorrhagic vasculitis (Schönlein-Henoch disease)]. / Osobennosti mikrotsirkuliatornykh narushenii pri ostrom i retsidiviruiushchem gemorragicheskom vaskulite (bolezni Shenleina-Genokha).

AIM: To study microcirculatory disturbances in acute and chronic hemorrhagic vasculitis (HV). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The examination of 44 HV patients included clinical and immunological examinations, conjunctival biomicroscopy, tests for blood viscosity, aggregation of erythrocytes, coagulation parameters. In 8 patients morphological examination of skin microvessels was made (light microscopy and electron microscopy). RESULTS: Changes in microcirculation of patients with acute HV were characterized by increased IgA and red cell aggregation, tendency to hypercoagulation. Morphologically, there was high permeability of the microvessels wall. In patients with chronic HV laboratory parameters normalized except elevated level of circulating immune complexes and red cell aggregation. Morphological picture of microcirculatory disturbances in patients with chronic HV was characterized by productive vasculitis. CONCLUSION: In HV patients microcirculatory disorders caused by immunologic mechanisms are realized through increased permeability of microvessel wall, high aggregation of erythrocytes in microvessels and hypercoagulation in acute HV. In patients with chronic HV productive vasculitis and high aggregation of erythrocytes are registered.