Intervening variables of Burnout in health professionals of emergency services / Variables de intervención del Burnout en los profesionales sanitarios de los servicios de emergencia / Variáveis interventoras do Burnout em profissionais de saúde dos serviços emergenciais

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the association between Burnout, stress, mental suffering and other personal and work factors associated with this syndrome. Method: cross-sectional, descriptive and correlational study with 282 health professionals from the emergency services of the city of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, collected from October 2015 to March 2016. The instruments used were: sociodemographic questionnaire, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Stress Symptom Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, Psychiatric Screening Questionnaire, Fantastic Lifestyle Checklist, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Holmes-Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale. Descriptive writing of the data. Pearson's Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact Tests to check the association between variables and later regression analysis, in which ORs were calculated, with 95% CI and 5% significance level. Results: there was statistical evidence of an association between Burnout and education, early stress, stress, common mental disorders, lifestyle, anxiety and depression. The regression analysis shows that the variables that influence Burnout are: type of service (p=0.032; OR=0.187), education (p=0.029; OR=2.313), perception of stress (p=0.037; OR=1.67) and social readjustment (p=0.031; OR=1.279). Conclusion: this study points to a profile for the development of Burnout, consisting of health professionals with higher education, who suffered early stress, who have symptoms and perception of stress, who do not have a healthy lifestyle and show symptoms of mental suffering. Such results can assist in the development and implementation of strategies aimed at reducing both work stress and the prevalence of Burnout syndrome.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la asociación entre Burnout, estrés, sufrimiento mental y otros factores personales y laborales asociados a este síndrome. Método: estudio transversal, descriptivo y correlacional entre 282 profesionales sanitarios de los servicios de emergencia de la ciudad de Ribeirão Preto, Brasil, recolectados de octubre de 2015 a marzo de 2016. Utilizados os instrumentos: Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: cuestionario sociodemográfico, Inventario de Burnout de Maslach, Cuestionario de Trauma Infantil, Inventario de Síntomas de Estrés, Escala de Estrés Percibido, Cuestionario de Exploración Psiquiátrica, Cuestionario de Estilo de Vida Fantástico, Escala de Ansiedad y Depresión Hospitalaria y Escala de Reajuste Social de Holmes-Rahe. Redacción descriptiva de los datos. Prueba Chi-Cuadrado de Pearson o Prueba exacta de Fisher para comprobar la asociación entre variables y posterior análisis de regresión, en el que se calcularon OR, con IC del 95% y nivel de significancia del 5%. Resultados: hubo evidencia estadística de asociación entre Burnout y educación, estrés temprano, estrés, trastornos mentales comunes, estilo de vida, ansiedad y depresión. El análisis de regresión muestra que las variables que influyen en el Burnout son: tipo de servicio (p=0.032; OR=0.187), educación (p=0.029; OR=2.313), percepción de estrés (p=0.037; OR=1.67) y reajuste social (p=0.031; OR=1.279). Conclusión: Este estudio apunta a un perfil para el desarrollo del Burnout, conformado por profesionales sanitarios con educación superior, que sufrieron estrés temprano, que presentan síntomas y percepción de estrés, que no tienen un estilo de vida saludable y presentan síntomas de sufrimiento mental. Dichos resultados pueden ayudar en el desarrollo e implementación de estrategias destinadas a reducir tanto el estrés laboral como la prevalencia del síndrome de Burnout.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a associação entre Burnout, estresse, sofrimento mental e demais fatores pessoais e laborais associados a esta síndrome. Método: estudo transversal, descritivo e correlacional entre 282 profissionais de saúde dos serviços de emergências da cidade de Ribeirão Preto, Brasil, coletado de outubro de 2015 a março de 2016. Utilizados os instrumentos: questionário sociodemográfico, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Inventário de Sintomas de Stress, Escala de Estresse Percebido, Psychiatric Screeming Questionnaire, Questionário de Estilo de Vida Fantástico, Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão e Escala de Reajustamento Social de Homes-Rahe. Redação descritiva dos dados. Testes Qui-Quadrado de Pearson ou Exato de Fisher para verificar a associação entre as variáveis e posteriormente análise de regressão, na qual foram calculados OR, com IC de 95% e o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: houve evidência estatística de associação entre Burnout e escolaridade, estresse precoce, estresse, transtornos mentais comuns, estilo de vida, ansiedade e depressão. A análise de regressão evidencia que as variáveis que influenciam no Burnout são: tipo de serviço (p=0,032; OR=0,187), escolaridade (p=0,029; OR=2,313), percepção de estresse (p=0,037; OR=1,67) e reajustamento social (p=0,031; OR=1,279). Conclusão: este estudo aponta um perfil para o desenvolvimento de Burnout, constituído por profissionais de saúde com maior escolaridade, que sofreram estresse precoce, que apresentam sintomas e percepção de estresse, que não possuem um estilo de vida saudável e apresentam sintomas de sofrimento mental. Tais resultados podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento e implementação de estratégias visando reduzir tanto o estresse laboral como a prevalência da síndrome de Burnout.

WSES Guidelines for the management of acute left sided colonic diverticulitis in the emergency setting.

Acute left sided colonic diverticulitis is one of the most common clinical conditions encountered by surgeons in acute setting. A World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) Consensus Conference on acute diverticulitis was held during the 3rd World Congress of the WSES in Jerusalem, Israel, on July 7th, 2015. During this consensus conference the guidelines for the management of acute left sided colonic diverticulitis in the emergency setting were presented and discussed. This document represents the executive summary of the final guidelines approved by the consensus conference.

World society of emergency surgery study group initiative on Timing of Acute Care Surgery classification (TACS).

Timing of surgical intervention is critical for outcomes of patients diagnosed with surgical emergencies. Facing the challenge of multiple patients requiring emergency surgery, or of limited resource availability, the acute care surgeon must triage patients according to their disease process and physiological state. Emergency operations from all surgical disciplines should be scheduled by an agreed time frame that is based on accumulated data of outcomes related to time elapsed from diagnosis to surgery. Although literature exists regarding the optimal timing of various surgical interventions, implementation of protocols for triage of surgical emergencies is lacking. For institutions of a repetitive triage mechanism, further discussion on optimal timing of surgery in diverse surgical emergencies should be encouraged. Standardizing timing of interventions in surgical emergencies will promote clinical investigation as well as a commitment by administrative authorities to proper operating theater provision for acute care surgery.

Complicated intra-abdominal infections in a worldwide context: an observational prospective study (CIAOW Study).

Despite advances in diagnosis, surgery, and antimicrobial therapy, mortality rates associated with complicated intra-abdominal infections remain exceedingly high. The World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) has designed the CIAOW study in order to describe the clinical, microbiological, and management-related profiles of both community- and healthcare-acquired complicated intra-abdominal infections in a worldwide context. The CIAOW study (Complicated Intra-Abdominal infection Observational Worldwide Study) is a multicenter observational study currently underway in 57 medical institutions worldwide. The study includes patients undergoing surgery or interventional drainage to address complicated intra-abdominal infections. This preliminary report includes all data from almost the first two months of the six-month study period. Patients who met inclusion criteria with either community-acquired or healthcare-associated complicated intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) were included in the study. 702 patients with a mean age of 49.2 years (range 18-98) were enrolled in the study. 272 patients (38.7%) were women and 430 (62.3%) were men. Among these patients, 615 (87.6%) were affected by community-acquired IAIs while the remaining 87 (12.4%) suffered from healthcare-associated infections. Generalized peritonitis was observed in 304 patients (43.3%), whereas localized peritonitis or abscesses was registered in 398 (57.7%) patients.The overall mortality rate was 10.1% (71/702). The final results of the CIAOW Study will be published following the conclusion of the study period in March 2013.

2013 WSES guidelines for management of intra-abdominal infections.

Despite advances in diagnosis, surgery, and antimicrobial therapy, mortality rates associated with complicated intra-abdominal infections remain exceedingly high.The 2013 update of the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) guidelines for the management of intra-abdominal infections contains evidence-based recommendations for management of patients with intra-abdominal infections.