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1.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem ; 83(5): 942-951, 2019 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30732553

RESUMO

Bioavailability and bone loss inhibitory effects of vitamin D2 derived from UV-irradiated shiitake mushroom were determined in vivo. The effect of the absence of ovaries on the bioavailability of vitamin D2 and bone structure was also investigated. Sham operated (sham) and ovariectomized (OVX) rats were divided in 3 groups according to their diets, i.e. control: only vitamin D-deficient diets; UV(X): vitamin D-deficient diets with non-irradiated mushroom powder; UV(O): vitamin D-deficient diets with irradiated mushroom powder. The obtained results showed that vitamin D2 from shiitake mushroom was able to increase bone mineral density and trabecular bone structure of femur bone as well as its bioavailability. The absence of estrogen induced adverse effects not only on bioavailability of vitamin D2 but also on trabecular bone. In conclusion, vitamin D2-fortified shiitake mushroom might help postmenopausal women increase vitamin D2 bioavailability and retard trabecular bone loss. Abbreviations: OVX: ovariectomized; 25(OH)D: 25-hydroxyvitamin D; 1,25(OH)2D: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; BMD: bone mineral density; micro-CT: micro computed tomography; RSM: response surface methodology; RP-HPLC: Reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography; MS/MS: tandem mass spectrometry; E2: estradiol; NTx: N-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen; BV/TV: bone volume/total volume; BS/BV: bone surface/bone volume; Tb.Th: trabecular thickness; Tb.Sp: trabecular separation.


Assuntos
Disponibilidade Biológica , Osso e Ossos/anatomia & histologia , Ergocalciferóis/análise , Cogumelos Shiitake/química , Animais , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Densidade Óssea , Ergocalciferóis/administração & dosagem , Ergocalciferóis/farmacologia , Feminino , Fêmur/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ovariectomia , Pós-Menopausa , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Ratos Wistar , Vitamina D/análogos & derivados , Vitamina D/sangue , Microtomografia por Raio-X
2.
Environ Pollut ; 325: 121437, 2023 May 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36907237

RESUMO

This study was carried out to provide the evidence with respect to the adverse potential of chlorpropham, a representative carbamate ester herbicide product, on the endocrine system by using in vitro testing methods in accordance with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Test Guideline No. 458 (22Rv1/MMTV_GR-KO human androgen receptor [AR] transcriptional activation assay) and a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer-based AR homodimerization assay. Results revealed that chlorpropham had no AR agonistic effects, but it was determined to be a true AR antagonist without intrinsic toxicity against the applied cell lines. In the mechanism of chlorpropham-induced AR-mediated adverse effects, chlorpropham suppressed cytoplasmic AR translocation to the nucleus by inhibiting the homodimerization of the activated ARs. This suggests that chlorpropham exposure caused endocrine-disrupting effects through its interactions with human AR. Additionally, this study might help identify the genomic pathway of the AR-mediated endocrine-disrupting potential of N-phenyl carbamate herbicides.


Assuntos
Clorprofam , Herbicidas , Humanos , Clorprofam/metabolismo , Clorprofam/toxicidade , Herbicidas/toxicidade , Herbicidas/metabolismo , Receptores Androgênicos , Androgênios , Carbamatos/toxicidade , Sistema Endócrino
3.
Food Sci Biotechnol ; 27(2): 417-424, 2018 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30263765

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to investigate the optimal conditions to process vitamin D2-fortified shiitake mushrooms through UV irradiation for industrial processing. Response surface methodology was used to identify the optimum conditions of the following highly influential factors on vitamin D2 synthesis: temperature, UV dosage, and moisture content. The optimal conditions of those variables were 40.56 °C, 36.27 kJ/m2, and 80.46%, respectively, and UV dosage was the most effective variable. The amount of vitamin D2 obtained under the optimal conditions was 29.87 ± 1.38 µg/g (dry mass: DM) which was well matched with the predicted value of 32.33 µg/g DM. The effects on the texture and color of shiitake mushrooms were also evaluated after the fortification process under the optimal conditions, and no adverse effects were observed compared to those of fresh shiitake mushrooms.

4.
J Microbiol Biotechnol ; 27(6): 1150-1156, 2017 Jun 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28372038

RESUMO

Understanding phosphorus metabolism in photosynthetic organisms is important as it is closely associated with enhanced crop productivity and pollution management for natural ecosystems (e.g., algal blooming). Accordingly, we exploited highly time-resolved metabolic responses to different levels of phosphate deprivation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a photosynthetic model organism. We conducted non-targeted primary metabolite profiling using gas-chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis. Primarily, we systematically identified main contributors to degree-wise responses corresponding to the levels of phosphate deprivation. Additionally, we systematically characterized the metabolite sets specific to different phosphate conditions and their interactions with culture time. Among them were various types of fatty acids that were most dynamically modulated by the phosphate availability and culture time in addition to phosphorylated compounds.


Assuntos
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/metabolismo , Metabolômica , Fosfatos/metabolismo , Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/efeitos dos fármacos , Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/genética , Chlamydomonas reinhardtii/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , Metaboloma , Fenótipo , Fosfatos/farmacologia , Fotossíntese , Fatores de Tempo
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