A predictive model of macrosomic birth based upon real-world clinical data from pregnant women.

BACKGROUND: Fetal macrosomia is associated with an increased risk of several maternal and newborn complications. Antenatal predication of fetal macrosomia remains challenging. We aimed to develop a nomogram model for the prediction of macrosomia using real-world clinical data to improve the sensitivity and specificity of macrosomia prediction. METHODS: In the present study, we performed a retrospective, observational study based on 13,403 medical records of pregnant women who delivered singleton infants at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai from 1 January 2018 through 31 December 2019. We split the original dataset into a training set (n = 9382) and a validation set (n = 4021) at a 7:3 ratio to generate and validate our model. The candidate variables, including maternal characteristics, laboratory tests, and sonographic parameters were compared between the two groups. A univariate and multivariate logistic regression was carried out to explore the independent risk factors for macrosomia in pregnant women. Thus, the regression model was adopted to establish a nomogram to predict the risk of macrosomia. Nomogram performance was determined by discrimination and calibration metrics. All the statistical analysis was analyzed using R software. RESULTS: We compared the differences between the macrosomic and non-macrosomic groups within the training set and found 16 independent risk factors for macrosomia (P < 0.05), including biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), femur length (FL), amniotic fluid index (AFI) at the last prenatal examination, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), and triglycerides (TG). Values for the areas under the curve (AUC) for the nomogram model were 0.917 (95% CI, 0.908-0.927) and 0.910 (95% CI, 0.894-0.927) in the training set and validation set, respectively. The internal and external validation of the nomogram demonstrated favorable calibration as well as discriminatory capability of the model. CONCLUSIONS: Our model has precise discrimination and calibration capabilities, which can help clinical healthcare staff accurately predict macrosomia in pregnant women.

Extracellular HMGB1 Induced Glomerular Endothelial Cell Injury via TLR4/MyD88 Signaling Pathway in Lupus Nephritis.

Previously, our study showed that HMGB1 was significantly elevated in the blood and located in the glomerular endothelium in LN patients. But whether extracellular HMGB1 is involved in the injury of glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) in LN still needs further investigation. Firstly, we detected the levels of SDC-1, VCAM-1, and proteinuria in LN patients and MRL/lpr mice and analyzed their correlations. Then, HMGB1 and TLR4/MyD88 were inhibited to observe the shedding of glycocalyx and injury of GECs in vivo and in vitro. Our results showed that HRGEC injury and SDC-1 shedding played an important role in the increase of permeability and proteinuria formation in LN. Additionally, inhibition of extracellular HMGB1 and/or downstream TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway also alleviated GEC monolayer permeability, reduced the shedding of the glomerular endothelial glycocalyx, improved the intercellular tight junction and cytoskeletal arrangement, and downregulated the NO level and VCAM-1 expression. These results suggested that extracellular HMGB1 might involve in GEC injury by activating the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in LN, which provided novel insights and potential therapeutic target for the treatment of lupus nephritis.

Red-Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Time-Resolved in Vivo Alkaline Phosphatase Detection with the Assistance of a Photoresponsive Nanocontainer.

The monitoring of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in different tissues is significant for disease diagnosis and therapy. However, the time-resolved in vivo sensing of ALP activity remained unresolved. Herein, a novel red-near-infrared fluorescent ALP probe (Cl2-BDCM-ALP) based on a dichloro-substituted dicyanomethylene-4H-chromene derivative was designed and synthesized with high fluorescence efficiency and stability under biological pH range. By using Cl2-BDCM-ALP, ALP activity under an acidic microenvironment such as a tumor site can be sensitively imaged, which cannot be achieved by some previously reported ALP probes. By further loading the Cl2-BDCM-ALP into a near-infrared (NIR) light-responsive nanocontainer, time-resolved long-term imaging of ALP activity was facilely achieved with noninvasive NIR light remote control. Time-resolved variation of ALP activity of the drug-induced acute liver injury mice was successfully monitored in vivo for the first time. This strategy holds great promise in the in situ ALP detection under a broad pH range with temporal resolution.

A multichannel Au nanosensor for visual and pattern inspection of fatty acids.

Fatty acids (FAs) are important dietary sources of fuel for animals and structural components for cells. The number, position and configuration of olefins in the alkyl chains play important roles in the impacts of FAs on human health. Currently, structural profiling of FAs in edible oils and fats is an important issue in nutrition industries and food safety. Due to the lack of distinct functional groups, it is extremely difficult to discriminate FAs with structural differences by facile and in situ sensing methods. A few chemosensors have been developed for shape selective sensing of FAs, but their capability and performance were still limited. Herein, for the first time, we proposed a multichannel Au nanosensor for visual and pattern-generating inspection of FAs based on the highly selective binding ability of Ag+ to olefinic bonds and Ag+ regulable color variation of Au nanoparticles. As a result, the nanosensor showed good selectivity for five FAs with subtle structural difference as low as 5 nM. By further deriving three channel signals in respect of color and color depth, a signature-like signal pattern could be generated by principal component analysis for each FA and even different FA mixtures such as edible oils. Hence, structural variation of FAs in edible hot pot oils with heat treatment was successfully monitored by this Au nanosensor over time. This sensor holds great promise in point-of-care inspection of edible oils and fats.

Piscinibacter caeni sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge.

A yellowish-pigmented bacterial strain, designated as MQ-18T, was isolated from a sample of activated sludge collected from a pharmaceutical factory in Zhejiang, China. The strain was characterized through a polyphasic taxonomy approach. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that strain MQ-18T showed high similarities to Piscinibacter defluvii SH-1T (99.7 %) and Piscinibacter aquaticus IMCC1728T (98.4 %), thereby suggesting that it belongs to the genus Piscinibacter. The DNA-DNA relatedness values of this strain to strains SH-1T and IMCC1728T were only 35.4 and 33.3 %, respectively. Cells of MQ-18T were Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped and non-spore forming. This strain exhibited growth at 25-37 °C (optimum: 30 °C) in the presence of 0-3.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 % NaCl) and at pH 5.0-8.0 (pH 7.0). The predominant fatty acids were C12 : 0 (5.5 %), C16 : 0 (33.7 %), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c; 38.5 %), and summed feature 4 (anteiso-C17 : 1 B and/or iso C17 : 1 I; 11.6 %). The main quinone type was ubiquinone-8, and the major polyamines were cadaverine and putrescine. The major polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content was 70.1 mol%. On the basis of its phylogenetic, phenotypic and physiological characteristics, strain MQ-18T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Piscinibacter, for which the name Piscinibacter caeni sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MQ-18T (CCTCC AB 2017223T=JCM 32138T).

An array consisting of glycosylated quantum dots conjugated to MoS2 nanosheets for fluorometric identification and quantitation of lectins and bacteria.

A fluorescent array based on the use of saccharide-functionalized multicolored quantum dots (s-QDs) and of 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid-functionalized MoS2 nanosheets (PBA-MoS2) was constructed for multiple identification and quantitation of lectins and bacteria. In this array, the fluorescence of the s-QDs is quenched by the PBA-MoS2 nanosheets. In the presence of multiple lectins, s-QDs differentially detach from the surface of PBA-MoS2 nanosheets, producing distinct fluorescence response patterns due to both quenching and enhancement of fluorescence. By analyzing the fluorescence responses with linear discriminant analysis, multiple lectins and bacteria were accurately identified with 100% accuracy. The limits of detection of Concanavalin A, Pisum sativum agglutinin, Peanut agglutinin, and Ricius communis I agglutinin are as low as 3.7, 8.3, 4.2 and 3.9 nM, respectively. The array has further been evidenced to be potent for distinguishing and quantifying different bacterial species by recognizing their surface lectins. The detection limits of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium are 87 and 66 cfu mL-1, respectively. Graphical abstract Schematic of a fluorometric array based on the use of saccharides-functionalized quantum dots (s-QDs) and 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid-functionalized MoS2 (PBA- MoS2) nanosheets. This array was successfully applied to simultaneously analysis of lectins, bacteria in real samples with high sensitivity and accuracy.

Test Paper for Colorimetric Inspection of Fatty Acids and Edible Oils.

Fatty acids (FAs) are of interest to the areas of food science and medicine because they are important dietary sources of fuel for animals and play important roles in many biological processes. The health effects of FAs are different due to the diversity of olefinic bonds in the alkyl chains including number, position and configuration. However, the discrimination of FAs is difficult from a chemical sensing perspective due to the lack of diversity in terms of functional groups. Until now, only a few chemosensors have been developed for selective sensing of FAs based on their overall shape, however they are still limited in discrimination of FAs with subtle structural differences, moreover, they cannot be used for rapid and in situ inspections. Herein, for the first time, we designed a test paper for in situ colorimetric inspection for FAs based on the combination of the highly selective binding of Ag⁺ to olefinic bonds and Ag⁺ mediated color variation of 3,3',5,5',-tetramethylbenzidine. As a result, the sensor exhibited high sensitivity and good selectivity for five FAs with subtle structural differences. Furthermore, our method described herein was successfully applied to monitor the structural variations of FAs and quality changes in mixture edible hot pot oils with heat treatment in time course. Hence, the test paper presented herein holds great potential in the inspection of fats and edible oils in food industries.

Comparative investigation on a hexane-degrading strain with different cell surface hydrophobicities mediated by starch and chitosan.

Bioremediation usually exhibits low removal efficiency toward hexane because of poor water solubility, which limits the mass transfer rate between the substrate and microorganism. This work aimed to enhance the hexane degradation rate by increasing cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) of the degrader, Pseudomonas mendocina NX-1. The CSH of P. mendocina NX-1 was manipulated by treatment with starch and chitosan solution of varied concentrations, reaching a maximum hydrophobicity of 52%. The biodegradation of hexane conformed to the Haldane inhibition model, and the maximum degradation rate (ν max) of the cells with 52% CSH was 0.72 mg (mg cell)-1·h-1 in comparison with 0.47 mg (mg cell)-1·h-1 for cells with 15% CSH. The production of CO2 by high CSH cells was threefold higher than that by cells at 15% CSH within 30 h, and the cumulative rates of O2 consumption were 0.16 and 0.05 mL/h, respectively. High CSH was related to low negative charge carried by the cell surface and probably reduced the repulsive electrostatic interactions between hexane and microorganisms. The FT-IR spectra of cell envelopes demonstrated that the methyl chain was inversely proportional to increasing CSH values, but proteins exhibited a positive effect to CSH enhancement. The ratio of extracellular proteins and polysaccharides increased from 0.87 to 3.78 when the cells were treated with starch and chitosan, indicating their possible roles in increased CSH.

Pollution by Nonylphenol in river, tap water, and aquatic in an acid rain-plagued city in southwest China.

OBJECTIVE: Nonylphenol (NP) has provoked much environmental concern because of their weak estrogenic activities; however, few data are available on the environmental levels of the chemical in China. METHOD: Environmental or river samples were assayed for NP by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. RESULTS: The concentration for NP measured in Xiangjiang River, ranging from 0.174 to 3.411 µg/L with a mean value of 1.73 µg/L, was lower than the Water Quality Criteria for NP of the US (6.6 µg/L); however, the NP concentration was maintained at a higher level compare to the developed countries and other civil cities. NP concentration in downstream water was markedly higher than that both in midstream and upstream water. Tissue accumulation of NP was observed in aquatics. A ratio of mean concentration of NP in aquatic (chlamys farreri and hemiculter leucisculus) to that in river water was 241 and 1087, respectively. The presence of NP in tap water in two urban districts of Zunyi was common with a detectable rate reached 100.0%. Mean NP concentration in terminal tap water in Huichuan district was six times as high as Honghuagang district, which was above Standards for the Drinking Water Quality for Phenols of China (2 µg/L). CONCLUSION: The pollution of NP in Xiangjiang River, tap water, and aquatic in Zunyi belongs to moderate or severe level in the world.

A Peroxisome-Inspired Chemiluminescent Silica Nanodevice for the Intracellular Detection of Biomarkers and Its Application to Insulin-Sensitizer Screening.

The profiling of oxidase-catalyzed biomarkers is an essential procedure for the diagnosis and precise treatment of metabolic diseases. Inspired by the metabolism of H2 O2 in peroxisomes, a novel chemiluminescent silica nanodevice (CSN) was designed for the sensitive and selective sensing of intracellular oxidase-catalyzed biomarkers. Oxidases catalyzed the oxidation of biomarkers followed by the production of H2 O2 , and then the generated H2 O2 was employed to trigger chemiluminescence of the CSN. Utilizing this nanodevice, we not only accurately quantified intracellular glucose but also developed its further application for facile insulin sensitizer screening. Furthermore, sensitive and multiparametric analysis of oxidase-catalyzed biomarkers like lactic acid, uric acid, and ethanol was demonstrated. Thus, this peroxisome-inspired CSN holds great promise for the general diagnosis of metabolic diseases and in drug discovery.

Recent Advances in Dendrimer Research for Cardiovascular Diseases.

Dendrimers, as a type of artificially synthesized polymers, have been increasingly attracting attention in many research fields, including the material and medical sciences, due to their unique characteristics that include their highly branched and well-defined molecular architecture, multivalency and tunable chemical compositions. These advantages make dendrimers potential carriers for the delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Herein, we review the recent advances in dendrimer research for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, with special focus on their applications as carriers for drug and gene delivery, as contrast agents, and as potential new drugs.

Simultaneous detection of ochratoxin A and fumonisin B1 in cereal samples using an aptamer-photonic crystal encoded suspension array.

A simple, new aptamer-photonic crystal encoded suspension array was designed to simultaneously quantify and qualify ochratoxin A(OTA) and fumonisin B1(FB1) in cereal samples. The aptamers of OTA and FB1 were immobilized on the surfaces of photonic crystals by chemical bonding. When the target mycotoxins appear in a sample, the fluorescence-labeled complementary DNA of the aptamer dissociates from their double DNA hybrid and results in an obvious decrease in fluorescence intensity of the microsphere. The difference value of fluorescent intensities for each kind of silica photonic crystal microsphere (SPCM) quantitatively conveys the concentration of mycotoxin, and the structure colors or reflectance peak positions of the SPCMs confirm the kind of mycotoxin detected. The reaction conditions including the immobilization method for aptamers, hybridization, and incubation conditions have been optimized. This developed method displayed a wide linear detection range (0.01-1 ng/mL for OTA and 0.001-1 ng/mL for FB1) and a low limit of detection (0.25 pg/mL for OTA and 0.16 pg/mL for FB1). The recovery rates in the spiked cereal samples ranged from 81.80% to 116.38% for OTA and 76.58%-114.79% for FB1. The positive detection results in the naturally contaminated cereal samples were in agreement with those of classic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This simple suspension array scheme displays a great application potential for the high throughput screen assay of mycotoxins.

miR-153 promotes neural differentiation by activating the cell adhesion/Ca2+ signaling pathway and targeting ion channel activity in HT-22 cells by bioinformatic analysis.

MicroRNAs have been studied extensively in neurodegenerative diseases. In a previous study, miR-153 promoted neural differentiation and projection formation in mouse hippocampal HT-22 cells. However, the pathways and molecular mechanism underlying miR-153-induced neural differentiation remain unclear. To explore the molecular mechanism of miR-153 on neural differentiation, we performed RNA sequencing on miR-153-overexpressed HT-22 cells. Based on RNA sequencing, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways in miR-153-overexpressed cells were identified. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis were used to perform functional annotation and enrichment analysis of DEGs. Targetscan predicted the targets of miR-153. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes and Cytoscape, were used to construct protein-protein interaction networks and identify hub genes. Q-PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of the identified genes. The expression profiles of the identified genes were compared between embryonic days 9.5 (E9.5) and E11.5 in the embryotic mouse brain of the GDS3442 dataset. Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to determine cell proliferation and cellular susceptibility to amyloid ß-protein (Aß) toxicity in miR-153-overexpressed cells. The results indicated that miR-153 increased cell adhesion/Ca2+ (Cdh5, Nrcam, and P2rx4) and Bdnf/Ntrk2 neurotrophic signaling pathway, and decreased ion channel activity (Kcnc3, Kcna4, Clcn5, and Scn5a). The changes in the expression of the identified genes in miR-153-overexpressed cells were consistent with the expression profile of GDS3442 during neural differentiation. In addition, miR-153 overexpression decreased cellular susceptibility to Aß toxicity in HT-22 cells. In conclusion, miR-153 overexpression may promote neural differentiation by inducing cell adhesion and the Bdnf/Ntrk2 pathway, and regulating electrophysiological maturity by targeting ion channels. MiR-153 may play an important role in neural differentiation; the findings provide a useful therapeutic direction for neurodegenerative diseases.

Urban vs. rural factors that affect adult asthma.

In this review, our aim was to examine the influence of geographic variations on asthma prevalence and morbidity among adults, which is important for improving our understanding, identifying the burden, and for developing and implementing interventions aimed at reducing asthma morbidity. Asthma is a complex inflammatory disease of multifactorial origin, and is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. The disparities in asthma prevalence and morbidity among the world's geographic locations are more likely to be associated with environmental exposures than genetic differences. In writing this article, we found that the indoor factors most consistently associated with asthma and asthma-related symptoms in adults included fuel combustion, mold growth, and environmental tobacco smoke in both urban and rural areas. Asthma and asthma-related symptoms occurred more frequently in urban than in rural areas, and that difference correlated with environmental risk exposures, SES, and healthcare access. Environmental risk factors to which urban adults were more frequently exposed than rural adults were dust mites,high levels of vehicle emissions, and a westernized lifestyle.Exposure to indoor biological contaminants in the urban environment is common.The main risk factors for developing asthma in urban areas are atopy and allergy to house dust mites, followed by allergens from animal dander. House dust mite exposure may potentially explain differences in diagnosis of asthma prevalence and morbidity among adults in urban vs. rural areas. In addition, the prevalence of asthma morbidity increases with urbanization. High levels of vehicle emissions,Western lifestyles and degree of urbanization itself, may affect outdoor and thereby indoor air quality. In urban areas, biomass fuels have been widely replaced by cleaner energy sources at home, such as gas and electricity, but in most developing countries, coal is still a major source of fuel for cooking and heating, particularly in winter. Moreover, exposure to ETS is common at home or at work in urban areas.There is evidence that asthma prevalence and morbidity is less common in rural than in urban areas. The possible reasons are that rural residents are exposed early in life to stables and to farm milk production, and such exposures are protective against developing asthma morbidity. Even so, asthma morbidity is disproportionately high among poor inner-city residents and in rural populations. A higher proportion of adult residents of nonmetropolitan areas were characterized as follows:aged 55 years or older, no previous college admission, low household income, no health insurance coverage, and could not see a doctor due to healthcare service availability, etc. In rural areas, biomass fuels meet more than 70% of the rural energy needs. Progress in adopting modern energy sources in rural areas has been slow. The most direct health impact comes from household energy use among the poor, who depend almost entirely on burning biomass fuels in simple cooking devices that are placed in inadequately ventilated spaces. Prospective studies are needed to assess the long-term effects of biomass smoke on lung health among adults in rural areas.Geographic differences in asthma susceptibility exist around the world. The reason for the differences in asthma prevalence in rural and urban areas may be due to the fact that populations have different lifestyles and cultures, as well as different environmental exposures and different genetic backgrounds. Identifying geographic disparities in asthma hospitalizations is critical to implementing prevention strategies,reducing morbidity, and improving healthcare financing for clinical asthma treatment. Although evidence shows that differences in the prevalence of asthma do exist between urban and rural dwellers in many parts of the world, including in developed countries, data are inadequate to evaluate the extent to which different pollutant exposures contribute to asthma morbidity and severity of asthma between urban and rural areas.

Rapid flu diagnosis using silicon nanowire sensor.

Influenza epidemics worldwide result in substantial economic and human costs annually. However, rapid and reliable flu diagnosis methods are significantly lacking. Here we have demonstrated the selective detection of influenza A viruses down to 29 viruses/µL in clinical exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples (diluted by 100-fold) within minutes using silicon nanowire (SiNW) sensor devices. For 90% of the cases, we have observed that EBC samples tested positive or negative by gold standard method RT-qPCR generated corresponding positive or negative SiNW sensor responses. High selectivity of SiNW sensing was also demonstrated using H1N1 viruses, 8 iso PGF 2a, and inert nanoparticles. Finally, magnetic beads were shown capable of enhancing SiNW sensing directly for low level viruses and 8 iso PGF 2a. When calibrated by virus standards and EBC controls, our work suggests that the SiNW sensor device can be reliably applied to the diagnosis of flu in a clinical setting with 2 orders of magnitude less time compared to the gold standard method RT-qPCR.

Joint neurodevelopmental and behavioral effects of nonylphenol and estradiol on F1 male rats.

The purpose of present study is to examine whether gestational exposure of two major environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals, nonylphenol (NP) and estradiol (E2), would affect nervous system development of offspring rats and explore the joint effects of NP and E2. After impregnation, dams were assigned to seven groups. The first and second groups received gavage with NP at dose levels of 50 mg/kg/day (NP-L) and 100 mg/kg/day (NP-H); the third and fourth groups were gavaged with E2 at dose levels of 10 µg/kg/day (E2-L) and 20 µg/kg/day (E2-H); the fifth and sixth groups were gavaged with joint NP and E2 [NP 50 mg/kg/day + E2 10 µg/kg/day (NP-E2-L) and NP 100 mg/kg/day+E2 20 µg/kg/day (NP-E2-H)] dissolved in groundnut oil; and the seventh group was orally administered with groundnut oil alone (vehicle control; 2 ml/kg/day), respectively, daily from gestational days 9 to 15 (transplacental exposures). Compared to the control, exclusive NP and E2 treatment groups, joint exposure to NP-E2-L and NP-E2-H has both produced a significant decrease in mean litter size and number of live pups per litter in dams; Offspring rats spent more time to perform cliff-drop aversion reflex, surface righting reflex, air righting reflex, auditory startle, and visual placing; In Morris water maze task, an increased escape latency was presented in offspring rats; In step-down avoidance test, offspring rats jointly exposed to NP and E2 spent more reaction time. Decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity and increase in choline acetyltransferase activity were observed in the hippocampus of offspring rats. Gestational joint exposure to NP and E2 might induce nervous development impairment of offspring rats. Moreover, additive toxic effects of NP and E2 on nervous development have been identified among offspring rats as well.

A biocompatible double-crosslinked gelatin/ sodium alginate/dopamine/quaterniazed chitosan hydrogel for wound dressings based on 3D bioprinting technology.

438Severe skin injuries can cause serious problems, which could affect the patient's normal life, if not dealt properly in a timely and effective manner. It is an urgent requirement to develop personalized wound dressings with excellent antibacterial activity and biocompatibility to match the shape of the wound to facilitate clinical application. In this study, a bioink (GAQ) based on gelatin (Gel)/sodium alginate (SA)/ quaternized chitosan (QCS) was prepared, and GAQ hydrogel dressing grafting with dopamine (GADQ) was fabricated by an extrusion three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. QCS was synthesized by modifying quaternary ammonium group on chitosan, and its structure was successfully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Our results showed that the GADQ hydrogel dressing that was double-crosslinked by EDC/ NHS and Ca2+ had good tensile strength, considerable swelling ratio, and effective antioxidation properties. It also showed that GADQ1.5% had 93.17% and 91.06% antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. Furthermore, the relative survival ratios of fibroblast cells seeded on these hydrogels exceeded 350% after cultured for 7 days, which proved the biocompatibility of these hydrogels. Overall, this advanced 3D-printed GADQ1.5% hydrogels with effective antioxidation, excellent antibacterial activity and good biocompatibility had a considerable application potential for wound healing.

Existence of memory in membrane channels: analysis of ion current through a voltage-dependent potassium single channel.

Ion current fluctuation of voltage-dependent potassium channel in LßT2 cells has been investigated by autocorrelation function and DFA (detrended fluctuation analysis) methods. The calculation of the autocorrelation function exponent and DFA exponent of the sample was based on the digital signals or the 0-1 series corresponding to closing and opening of channels after routine evolution, rather than the sequence of sojourn times. The persistent character of the correlation of the time series was evident from the slow decay of the autocorrelation function. DFA exponent α was significantly greater than 0.5. The main outcome has been the demonstration of the existence of memory in this ion channel. Thus, the ion channel current fluctuation provided information about the kinetics of the channel protein. The result suggests the correlation character of the ion channel protein non-linear kinetics indicates whether the channel is open or not.

Diisopropyl-ammonium nitrite.

In the title mol-ecular salt, C(6)H(16)N(+)·NO(2) (-), the cation forms two N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds to nearby nitrite anions which link the ionic units into chains propagating along the b-axis direction.

Interaction of tetrahydrofuran and methyl tert-butyl ether in waste gas treatment by a biotrickling filter bioaugmented with Piscinibacter caeni MQ-18 and Pseudomonas oleovorans DT4.

Bioaugmented biotrickling filter (BTF) seeded with Piscinibacter caeni MQ-18, Pseudomonas oleovorans DT4, and activated sludge was established to investigate the treatment performance and biodegradation kinetics of the gaseous mixtures of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). Experimental results showed an enhanced startup performance with a startup period of 9 d in bioaugmented BTF (25 d in control BTF seeded with activated sludge). The interaction parameter I2,1 of control (7.462) and bioaugmented BTF (3.267) obtained by the elimination capacity-sum kinetics with interaction parameter (EC-SKIP) model indicated that THF has a stronger inhibition of MTBE biodegradation in the control BTF than in the bioaugmented BTF. Similarly, the self-inhibition EC-SKIP model quantified the positive effects of MTBE on THF biodegradation, as well as the negative effects of THF on MTBE biodegradation and the self-inhibition of MTBE and THF. Metabolic intermediate analysis, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, biofilm-biomass determination, and high-throughput sequencing revealed the possible mechanism of the enhanced treatment performance and biodegradation interactions of MTBE and THF.