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1.
Phys Ther Sport ; 70: 67-74, 2024 Sep 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39321743

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Analyze whether there are immediate changes in peak soleus activation and peak hindfoot eversion after short-foot exercise (SFE) in runners with medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS). Secondarily, establish differences in peak soleus activation and peak hindfoot eversion between asymptomatic individuals and those presenting MTSS. DESIGN: Quasi-experimental study. SETTING: University Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-two runners participated: 16 with MTSS and 16 in the no-pain group (NPG). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Soleus activation was measured using electromyography, and hindfoot eversion via 3D kinematic analysis. Participants performed SFE, and running data were collected at 9,12 and 15 km/h pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS: SFE reduced peak soleus activation at 9 (p = 0.017) and 15 km/h (p = 0.019) for the MTSS group and at 15 km/h (p < 0.001) for the NPG, suggesting improved neuromuscular efficiency and potentially reduced tibial stress. SFE did not significantly affect peak hindfoot eversion. Significant correlations were found between ankle dorsiflexion range of motion and muscle activation (r = 0.585 to 0.849, p < 0.05). These findings suggest SFE could improve neuromuscular efficiency and reduce tibial stress, and highlights ankle flexibility's role in muscle activation. CONCLUSIONS: SFE significantly reduces soleus activation, potentially improving neuromuscular efficiency and decreasing tibial stress.

2.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol ; 55(1): 42-49, 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31610889

RESUMO

The ageing process alters the stages of sleep, and the elderly that have this problem tend to be prescribed pharmacological treatment. This has long term side effects and results in increased health costs. On the other hand, frequent or regular physical exercise could be an overall superior alternative, due to its multifactorial effects. It is also less expensive, thus more affordable and accessible. Furthermore, these benefits could be extrapolated to the quality of sleep. Taking this into account the purpose of this paper is to establish the proper amount of physical exercise using the FITT (frequency, intensity, time, type of exercise) principle, and its effect on the quality of sleep, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness in the elderly. This could lead us to a paradigm shift in the treatment of sleep disorders, and also may constitute an alternative method for treating the elderly.


Assuntos
Distúrbios do Sono por Sonolência Excessiva/terapia , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/terapia , Sono/fisiologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Fatores de Tempo
3.
Nutr Hosp ; 36(5): 1067-1073, 2019 Oct 17.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31516005

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Background: hypovitaminosis D has a prevalence of 50,4% in older persons. This population has grown globally in an impressive way during the last 20 years. In addition, the deficiency of vitamin D (< 30 ng/ml) could raise the risk of mortality in this population. Objectives: to know whether vitamin D levels less than 30 ng/ml have an impact on mortality for overall causes, cardiovascular causes, cancer or injuries (falls) in a follow-up period of nine years in elderly subjects. Methods: a retrospective longitudinal study with nine years period of observation; 418 elderly subjects were followed, and they were recruited in 2004 to participate in a study about vitamin D supplementation and muscle strength. Results: vitamin D levels below 30 ng/dl increase by almost three times the probability of dying (OR = 2.77, IC = 1.81-3.85), while the same level of vitamin D is associated with a double risk of dying from cardiovascular causes (OR = 1.78, CI = 1.21-2.09) in the unadjusted model. For cancer mortality and falls, no significant results were obtained. Vitamin D would not act as a protective factor against mortality. Conclusions: vitamin D levels less than 30 ng/ml could be a risk factor for general mortality.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: la hipovitaminosis D tiene una prevalencia del 50,4% en personas mayores, población en aumento a nivel mundial, en la cual la deficiencia de vitamina D (< 30 mg/dl) podría ser un factor de riesgo para disminuir la sobrevida de esta población. Objetivo: determinar si niveles séricos de vitamina D menores a 30 ng/ml tienen impacto en la sobrevida, medida a través de la mortalidad general y por causas específicas, considerando un periodo de seguimiento de nueve años en personas mayores autovalentes con capacidades cognitivas adecuadas. Método: corresponde a un estudio retrospectivo longitudinal, con un seguimiento de nueve años. Se realizó el seguimiento a 418 personas mayores de la comuna de Santiago, los cuales fueron incorporados el año 2004 para participar en un estudio referente a la suplementación de vitamina D y fuerza muscular. Resultados: niveles de vitamina D bajo 30 ng/dl aumentan en casi tres veces la probabilidad de fallecer (OR = 2,77; IC = 1,81-3,85), mientras que igual nivel de vitamina D se asocia a un doble riesgo de morir por causas cardiovasculares (OR = 1,78; IC = 1,21-2,09) en el modelo no ajustado. Para la mortalidad por cáncer y por caídas no se obtuvo ningún resultado significativo. La vitamina D no actuaría como factor protector ante la mortalidad. Conclusión: el poseer niveles de vitamina D bajo 30 ng/dl podría ser un factor de riesgo de mortalidad general.


Assuntos
Composição Corporal , Longevidade , Sarcopenia/etiologia , Deficiência de Vitamina D/complicações , Deficiência de Vitamina D/fisiopatologia , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Causas de Morte , Suplementos Nutricionais , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Força Muscular , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Vitamina D/uso terapêutico , Deficiência de Vitamina D/tratamento farmacológico
4.
Kinesiologia ; 42(4): 261-268, 20231215.
Artigo em Espanhol, Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1552531

RESUMO

Introducción. La dismenorrea primaria afecta la calidad de vida de mujeres jóvenes. Este estudio investiga los efectos de un protocolo de ejercicios y educación en dolor mediante telerehabilitación. Objetivo. Determinar los efectos de un protocolo de ejercicios y educación en dolor y su impacto en la calidad de vida mediante tele-rehabilitación en mujeres jóvenes con dismenorrea primaria. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio experimental pre y post test con un grupo control, utilizando tele-rehabilitación. Participaron 21 mujeres jóvenes con dismenorrea primaria, asignadas aleatoriamente a dos grupos: el grupo experimental (10 mujeres) y el grupo control (11 mujeres). Se utilizaron cuestionarios específicos de calidad de vida relacionada con la menstruación y dolor (cuestionario breve de McGill) para evaluar los efectos del programa de ejercicios y educación en dolor. Resultados. En el grupo control, no se observaron diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones de calidad de vida relacionada con la menstruación ni en la intensidad del dolor antes y después de la intervención (p>0,05). En contraste, el grupo experimental experimentó mejoras significativas en ambas áreas después de la intervención (todos los p<0,001). Conclusiones. Este estudio demuestra que un protocolo de ejercicios y educación en dolor realizado mediante telerehabilitación tiene un impacto positivo y significativo en la calidad de vida y la intensidad del dolor percibido en mujeres jóvenes con dismenorrea primaria. Estos resultados sugieren que la telerehabilitación puede ser una estrategia efectiva para abordar este problema de salud en esta población.


Background. Primary dysmenorrhea impacts the quality of life of young women. This study investigates the effects of an exercise and pain education protocol through telerehabilitation. Objective: To determine the effects of an exercise and pain education protocol and its impact on the quality of life through telerehabilitation in young women with primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: A pre and post-test experimental study with a control group was conducted using telerehabilitation. Twenty-one young women with primary dysmenorrhea participated, randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (10 women) and the control group (11 women). Specific questionnaires related to menstruation-related quality of life and pain (McGill short-form questionnaire) were used to assess the effects of the exercise and pain education program. Results: In the control group, no significant differences were observed in menstruation-related quality of life scores or pain intensity before and after the intervention (p>0.05). In contrast, the experimental group experienced significant improvements in both areas after the intervention (all p<0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that an exercise and pain education protocol conducted through telerehabilitation has a positive and significant impact on the perceived quality of life and pain intensity in young women with primary dysmenorrhea. These results suggest that telerehabilitation can be an effective strategy for addressing this health issue in this population.

5.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 52(2)jun. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1559802

RESUMO

Introducción: La pandemia por la COVID-19 condujo a un confinamiento que pudo repercutir en los niveles de estrés, ansiedad, como también en el consumo de alimentos de la población en todo el mundo. Se realizó una revisión de tipo narrativa. La búsqueda bibliográfica se realizó en la interfaz PubMed de MEDLINE y la interfaz de Web of Science Core Colletion. Se incluyeron artículos en inglés, español y portugués, entre enero 2020 y junio 2021. Objetivos: Describir los cambios en el consumo de alimentos durante el confinamiento por la COVID-19 en adultos sanos. Desarrollo: De 106 artículos, 19 cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad. De los 19 artículos analizados, 9 de ellos observaron un aumento del consumo de carnes y embutidos, cereales, bocadillos dulces y bebidas azucaradas. Se encontró un aumento de preparaciones caseras en 5 estudios, también 5 de ellos encontraron una disminución del consumo de comida rápida. No se presentaron cambios en el consumo de lácteos, legumbres, frutas, verduras, pescados, mariscos, agua y alcohol según 7 estudios. Conclusiones: Hubo cambios en la alimentación en parte de la población, de manera heterogénea, de acuerdo con el grupo de alimentos, producto del confinamiento por la COVID-19. Se aprecia un aumento del consumo de carnes y embutidos, cereales, bocadillos dulces y bebidas azucaradas. Disminuyó el consumo de comida rápida. No se presentaron cambios en el consumo de lácteos, legumbres, frutas, verduras, pescados, mariscos, agua y alcohol.


Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a confinement that could impact on levels of stress, anxiety, and food consumption of the population worldwide. Therefore, a narrative review was performed. The literature search was conducted in the PubMed interface of MEDLINE and the Web of Science Core Collection interface. Articles were included in English, Spanish and Portuguese, between January 2020 and June 2021. Objective: To describe changes in food consumption during COVID-19 confinement in healthy adults. Development: Of the 106 articles, 19 met the eligibility criteria. Of the 19 articles analyzed, 9 of them noted an increase in consumption of meats and sausages, cereals, sweet snacks, and sugary drinks. An increase in homemade preparations was found in 5 studies, also 5 of them found a decrease in fast food consumption. No changes in the consumption of dairy, legumes, fruits, vegetables, fish, seafood, water, and alcohol were present according to 7 studies. Conclusions: There were dietary changes in part of the population, heterogeneously according to food group due to COVID-19 confinement. There was an increase in the consumption of meat and sausages, cereals, sweet snacks, and sugary drinks. Consumption of fast food decreased. There were no changes in the consumption of dairy products, legumes, fruits, vegetables, fish, seafood, water, and alcohol.

6.
J. health med. sci. (Print) ; 8(2): 109-117, abr.-jun. 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1391929

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: Desde la última década se ha evidenciado el aumento de la población de personas mayores en Chile. Muchos de ellos son usuarios regulares del sistema público de salud el cual se caracteriza por entregar una atención de tipo integral. En este sentido, resulta relevante conocer los requerimientos en salud desde la perspectiva de las experiencias de las personas mayores con respecto al uso de este servicio. OBJETIDO: El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las expectativas de las personas mayores que asisten a los centros de APS. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Este es un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, donde la muestra fue de 13 personas mayores de 65 años y más, autovalentes, de tres centros APS, los cuales fueron entrevistados mediante instrumento semiestructurado, con análisis cualitativo de datos método que incluyó codificación abierta y focalizada. RESULTADOS: Las expectativas de las personas mayores fueron categorizadas como requerimiento de una atención profesional integral, oportunidad de atención, accesibilidad de la atención, promoción de salud sobre el autocuidado, explicación de cambios en el envejecimiento con enfoque biológico y alfabetización en salud. CONCLUSIONES: Las expectativas de las personas mayores en este estudio dan cuenta de una atención profesional integral poco efectiva, además de la necesidad de un trato especializado al grupo poblacional específico, no sólo de los profesionales, sino también del personal administrativo de los centros de APS, considerándolos una barrera en la calidad de la atención.


INTRODUCTION: Since the last decade there has been evidence of an increase in the population of older people in Chile. Many of them are regular users of the public health system (PHS) which is characterized by providing comprehensive care. In this sense, it is relevant to know the health requirements from the perspective of the experiences of the older people regarding the use of this health service. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify the needs and expectations of older people attending PHS centers. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It were a qualitative and descriptive study. The sample was compounded by 13 people over 65 years and over, self-sufficient, from three PHS centers. It was used a semi-structured instrument. RESULTS: The main needs of the elderly were categorized as a requirement for comprehensive professional care, the opportunity for care, accessibility of care, health promotion on self-care, explanation of changes in aging with a biological focus and health literacy. CONCLUSIONS: The needs and expectations of the older people in this study account for an ineffective comprehensive professional care, in addition to the need for specialized treatment of the specific population group, not only of professionals but also of the administrative staff of the centers of PHS, considering them a barrier in the quality of care.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Idoso/psicologia , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde , Percepção , Autocuidado/psicologia , Envelhecimento/psicologia , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Satisfação do Paciente , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Letramento em Saúde , Doenças não Transmissíveis/psicologia
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