RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anti-obesity effect of Rubi Fructus (RF) extract using brown adipose tissue (BAT) and primary brown preadipocytes in vivo and in vitro. METHODS: Male C57BL/6 J mice (n=5 per group) were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks with or without RF. Brown preadipocytes from the interscapular BAT of mice (age, post-natal days 1-3) were cultured with differentiation media (DM) including isobutylmethylxanthine, dexamethasone, T3, indomethacin and insulin with or without RF. RESULTS: In HFD-induced obese C57BL/6 J mice, long-term RF treatment significantly reduced weight gain as well as the weights of the white adipose tissue, liver and spleen. Serum levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were also reduced in the HFD group which received RF treatment. Furthermore, RF induced thermogenic-, adipogenic- and mitochondria-related gene expressions in BAT. In primary brown adipocytes, RF effectively stimulated the expressions of thermogenic- and mitochondria-related genes. In addition, to examine whether LIPIN1, a regulator of adipocyte differentiation, is regulated by RF, Lipin1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) and RF were pretreated in primary brown adipocytes. Pretreatment with Lipin1 siRNA and RF downregulated the DM-induced expression levels of thermogenic- and mitochondria-related genes. Moreover, RF markedly upregulated AMP-activated protein kinase. Our study shows that RF is capable of stimulating the differentiation of brown adipocytes through the modulation of thermogenic genes. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that RF prevents the development of obesity in mice fed with a HFD and that it is also capable of stimulating the differentiation of brown adipocytes through the modulation of thermogenic genes, which suggests that RF has potential as a therapeutic application for the treatment or prevention of obesity.
Assuntos
Adipócitos Marrons/metabolismo , Adipogenia/efeitos dos fármacos , Tecido Adiposo Marrom/metabolismo , Obesidade/patologia , Preparações de Plantas/farmacologia , Rubus , Termogênese/genética , Animais , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Termogênese/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The effects of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, have not been studied in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). Cell viability assay; flow cytometry for cell cycle and annexin V apoptosis assays; assays for cell migration, invasion, and adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM); and immunoblotting and immunofluorescence staining were performed in three ESCC cell lines. Tumor xenograft with semiquantitative immunohistochemistry was used to study the effects of SAHAâ in vivo. SAHA effectively inhibited growth of ESCC cells with half-inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ) ranging from 2.6 to 6.5 µmol/L. SAHA restored acetylation of histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9Ac) and histone 4 lysine 12 (H4K12Ac) with an induction of G1 or G2 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Expression of cell cycle checkpoint regulatory proteins including cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and cyclins was decreased, whereas expression of cell cycle suppressors, p21, p27, and Rb was increased in ESCC cells after SAHA treatment. SAHA inhibited migration, invasion, and ECM adhesion in ESCC cells with an induction of E-cadherin expression. SAHA significantly inhibited growth of ESCC tumors with increased expression of p21, p27, Rb, and E-cadherin while decreasing expression of CDK4 and cyclin D1 within the murine tumors. In conclusion, SAHA had antigrowth activity against ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo while inhibiting cell migration, cell invasion, and ECM adhesion, suggesting its potential as an epigenetic therapeutic agent for ESCC.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Ácidos Hidroxâmicos/farmacologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago , Feminino , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Vorinostat , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
Cortactin, fascin, and survivin have been documented in several human cancers and play important roles in tumor progression. We collected 57 surgical specimens, including esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SqCC; 7 well-differentiated, 15 moderately differentiated, and 24 poorly differentiated), 3 dysplasias, and 8 normal esophageal tissues. Tissue microarrays were constructed and the immunostaining scores for cortactin, fascin, and survivin were assessed. In 46 SqCC specimens, we examined the relationship between the expression of three biomarkers and tumor differentiation or clinical parameters. Higher immunostaining scores for cortactin, fascin, and survivin correlated positively with tumor differentiation of esophageal SqCC. Univariate survival analysis showed significantly worse prognosis in patients with high scores of cortactin (>or=290), fascin (>or=245), and survivin (score >or= 175), poor differentiation, T4 stage, positive for lymph node metastasis, and positive for distant metastasis. In multivariate survival analysis, high scores of survivin (>or=175) and poor differentiation were independent risk factors for worse prognosis. Our results demonstrated that higher expression of survivin may be related to tumor progression and it is an independent risk factor for poor survival time of esophageal SqCC. Survivin may be a good biomarker to be applied in clinic to predict the prognosis of esophageal SqCC.
Assuntos
Actinas/análise , Proteínas Reguladoras de Apoptose/análise , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Proteínas de Transporte/análise , Cortactina/análise , Inibidores de Cisteína Proteinase/análise , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/análise , Proteínas Associadas aos Microtúbulos/análise , Proteínas de Neoplasias/análise , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores/análise , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/secundário , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Progressão da Doença , Neoplasias Esofágicas/cirurgia , Esôfago/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Proteínas Inibidoras de Apoptose , Metástase Linfática/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Fatores de Risco , Taxa de Sobrevida , SurvivinaRESUMO
Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is an opportunistic pathogen that occasionally causes hospital outbreaks. This paper describes an outbreak of BCC bacteraemia in haematological malignancy patients related to a contaminated chlorhexidine gluconate solution. Eight BCC isolates were obtained from patients hospitalised in the same ward of a cancer centre in a Korean hospital. A further three BCC isolates were obtained from 0.5% chlorhexidine gluconate used in the same ward. The isolates were identified as B. stabilis and exhibited identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles. All patients with B. stabilis bacteraemia had indwelling intravenous catheters, which were treated with chlorhexidine to disinfect the catheters. Following identification of the source of contamination, strict controls regarding surveillance cultures for disinfectants have been enforced. No further B. stabilis infections have been found in the hospital.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos Locais/efeitos adversos , Bacteriemia/epidemiologia , Infecções por Burkholderia/epidemiologia , Clorexidina/análogos & derivados , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Contaminação de Medicamentos , Adolescente , Adulto , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Bacteriemia/tratamento farmacológico , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Bacteriemia/prevenção & controle , Burkholderia/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Burkholderia/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Burkholderia/microbiologia , Infecções por Burkholderia/prevenção & controle , Cateteres de Demora/microbiologia , Criança , Clorexidina/efeitos adversos , Infecção Hospitalar/tratamento farmacológico , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/prevenção & controle , Surtos de Doenças , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Feminino , Neoplasias Hematológicas/complicações , Hospitais de Ensino , Humanos , Controle de Infecções/métodos , Coreia (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
ß-L-enantiomer of 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (ß-L-D4A-TP) has previously been proven to inhibit the replication of viral DNA in the Hep G2 2.2.15 cells and in transgenic mouse harboring 1.3-fold-overlength genome of Hepatitis B virus (HBV). To study the inhibition mechanism of the nucleoside analog ß-L-D4A-TP, a polymerase reaction in vitro with the recombinant HBV nucleocapsids was conducted to determine the exact mode of inhibition of the HBV replication by ß-L-D4A-TP. The HBV viral DNA and viral DNA-polymerase complex formed in the polymerase reaction were assayed. The results of this study showed that ß-L-D4A-TP inhibited the replication of HBV DNA by inactivating the reverse transcriptase (RT) activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The kinetics of ß-L-D4A-TP inhibition of the RT activity was the result of an apparent competitive inhibition with dATP.
Assuntos
Didesoxiadenosina/análogos & derivados , Regulação para Baixo/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Vírus da Hepatite B/enzimologia , Inibidores da Transcriptase Reversa/farmacologia , Proteínas Virais/antagonistas & inibidores , Didesoxiadenosina/farmacologia , Vírus da Hepatite B/efeitos dos fármacos , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , DNA Polimerase Dirigida por RNA/análise , DNA Polimerase Dirigida por RNA/genética , DNA Polimerase Dirigida por RNA/metabolismo , Proteínas Virais/análise , Proteínas Virais/genética , Proteínas Virais/metabolismoRESUMO
Non-duplicate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates (n = 436), collected from four hospitals located in three Korean cities between 2001 and 2005, were investigated by SCCmec typing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Variations within SCCmec, especially type II, were detected in 165 (37.8%) isolates, and these variants were characterised using four different SCCmec typing methods. The predominant SCCmec type was a type II variant that differed from type II by the absence of a pUB110 insertion. MLST analysis showed that most of the isolates carrying SCCmec variants belonged to ST5.
Assuntos
Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana/métodos , Resistência a Meticilina/genética , Staphylococcus aureus/classificação , Elementos de DNA Transponíveis/genética , Humanos , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Staphylococcus aureus/genética , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificaçãoAssuntos
Carcinoma/patologia , Neoplasias do Ceco/patologia , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Biópsia , Carcinoma/química , Carcinoma/classificação , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Carcinoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Carcinoma/secundário , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Ceco/química , Neoplasias do Ceco/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Ceco/diagnóstico por imagem , Colonoscopia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Humanos , Queratina-18/análise , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Neoplasias Pulmonares/secundário , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas de Neoplasias/análise , Palpação , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
The left- and right-handed helical silica nanostructures were obtained with the aid of organic templates, the formation of the nanostructures might follow a co-operation self-assembly mechanism. The chirality of the organogel self-assemblies was successfully transcribed in to the silica. The helical pitch and pore size of the silica nanotubes sensitively depended on the optical purity of the neutral gelator in the reaction mixtures.
Assuntos
Hemangiopericitoma/complicações , Peritonite/etiologia , Neoplasias do Colo Sigmoide/complicações , Idoso , Feminino , Hemangiopericitoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemangiopericitoma/cirurgia , Humanos , Ruptura Espontânea , Neoplasias do Colo Sigmoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias do Colo Sigmoide/cirurgia , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
The Clostridium coccoides group, including the genus Blautia and other genera, is one of the predominant bacterial groups in the human intestine. We re-examined 266 human faecal clones and 58 isolates in the C. coccoides group isolated by Hayashi et al. (2002) in order to elucidate the detailed distribution of Blautia wexlerae and Blautia luti in human faeces. Subsequently, we designed a primer pair specific for B. wexlerae and B. luti based on the 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequence. The number of B. wexlerae and B. luti in faecal samples of 12 healthy Japanese subjects was examined by real-time PCR assay. The number of the C. coccoides group in the 12 faecal samples was also determined using C. coccoides group-specific primers. Re-examination of the human faecal clones and isolates revealed that B. wexlerae and B. luti accounted for 19.5% of the clones and 25.9% of the isolates. B. wexlerae and B. luti were detected in all faecal samples with 5.3±3.2×10(9) cells/g faeces (wet weight, average ± standard deviation) as assessed by real-time PCR. Furthermore, B. wexlerae and B. luti constituted 32.3±12.7% (average ± standard deviation) of the C. coccoides group (1.7±0.8×10(10) cells/g faeces). This demonstrates that B. wexlerae and B. luti were presented in human faeces with a high frequency as the dominant bacteria.
Assuntos
Carga Bacteriana/métodos , Clostridiales/genética , Clostridiales/isolamento & purificação , Primers do DNA/genética , Fezes/microbiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/métodos , Adulto , DNA Bacteriano/genética , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Voluntários Saudáveis , Humanos , Japão , Masculino , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genéticaRESUMO
We tested the hypotheses that maintaining the activity of nitric oxide by L-arginine infusion would counteract the release of an endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, improve survival, and decrease intraoperative hypertension after infrarenal aortic cross-clamp surgery. Hindlimb ischemia was generated by infrarenal aortic cross-clamping and tying of the left femoral artery for 5 hours in rats with bilateral femoral and sciatic nerves cut. Mean blood pressure significantly increased during the 5-hour ischemic period in ischemic rats (no drug treatment). Baroreceptor function was inhibited in ischemic rats assessed by intravenous dose response to phenylephrine and nitroprusside after 5 hours of ischemia, suggesting baroreceptor resetting. In ischemic rats infused with L-arginine the intraoperative hypertension was prevented during the 5-hour period, suggesting that this hypertension may be mediated by nitric oxide inhibition. The rates of survival and arrhythmias 2 hours after declamping were 50% in ischemic rats and 100% in ischemic rats treated with N omega-nitro-L-arginine (a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) 10 minutes before declamping. In ischemic rats infused with L-arginine the survival rate was significantly increased to 100% and the arrhythmic rate was inhibited. We conclude that L-arginine prevents hypertension during cross-clamping and decreases the mortality rate and arrhythmias after declamping by maintaining nitric oxide synthesis. These results suggest that humoral factors released from the ischemic hindlimb may inhibit endogenous nitric oxide production, thus contributing to intraoperative hypertension, arrhythmias, and high mortality rate after aortic cross-clamp surgery.
Assuntos
Arginina/farmacologia , Hipertensão/prevenção & controle , Isquemia/complicações , Óxido Nítrico/fisiologia , Animais , Arginina/análogos & derivados , Membro Posterior/irrigação sanguínea , Masculino , Nitroarginina , Pressorreceptores/fisiologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-DawleyRESUMO
The acute effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of angiotensin III (ANG III) on blood pressure (BP) and renal function were investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, n = 31) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) normotensive rats (n = 6). ANG II was also administered to the same rats for comparison of its renal effect. BP and renal clearance responses were measured before and during ANG injections. The results showed that i.c.v. injections of 1, 5 and 50 pmol of ANG III did not significantly alter BP in SHR, but a high dose of ANG III (50 pmol) caused a vasopressor effect (7 +/- 4 mmHg) in WKY rats. There were significant increases in renal plasma flow (RPF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine flow, absolute and fractional excretions of sodium and potassium, osmolar clearance and free water reabsorption rate following i.c.v. administration of ANG III in both SHR and WKY rats. However, the enhancement in renal responsiveness to ANG III was greater in SHR than in the WKY group. At 5 pmol of ANG III, the peak increases in GFR (96 +/- 23%), diuresis (316 +/- 102%) and natriuresis (712 +/- 281%) in SHR were significantly greater than those in WKY rats (40 +/- 13%, 152 +/- 89%, 229 +/- 130%, resp.). The renal effect of central ANG III was blocked by i.c.v. ANG III antagonist, [Ile7]-ANG III, but was enhanced by bestatin, an ANG III metabolic enzyme inhibitor. I.c.v. administration of ANG II at 50 pmol increased BP in both SHR and WKY rats (14 +/- 3 and 10 +/- 3 mmHg, resp.). Greater diuretic and natriuretic responses to ANG II were also noted in SHR than in WKY rats. These results indicate that central ANG III is as active as ANG II in modulating renal function. Furthermore, the enhanced renal response to i.c.v. ANGs II and III in SHR suggests a hyperactive central RAS implicated in BP and body fluid regulation in this genetic hypertensive strain.
Assuntos
Angiotensina III/administração & dosagem , Angiotensina II/administração & dosagem , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Rim/fisiopatologia , Antagonistas de Receptores de Angiotensina , Animais , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Injeções Intraventriculares , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos SHR , Ratos Endogâmicos WKYRESUMO
Ceramide, a novel sphingomyelin-derived second messenger mediates cellular signals of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). In the present study, we hypothesized that the endothelium contributes to ceramide-induced vasodilation. We report that relaxation to ceramide in endothelium-intact rat thoracic aortic rings is greater than in endothelium-denuded or endothelial nitric oxide synthase (endothelial NO synthase)-inactivated rings. We conclude that the endothelium contributes to ceramide-induced relaxation possibly through an interaction between sphingomyelin hydrolysis and endothelial NO synthase within caveolae.
Assuntos
Endotélio Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Liso Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Esfingosina/análogos & derivados , Animais , Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Aorta/fisiologia , Endotélio Vascular/fisiologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Guanilato Ciclase/antagonistas & inibidores , Guanilato Ciclase/fisiologia , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Azul de Metileno , Músculo Liso Vascular/fisiologia , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/antagonistas & inibidores , Óxido Nítrico Sintase/fisiologia , Nitroarginina/farmacologia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Esfingosina/farmacologia , VasodilataçãoRESUMO
Recently, a new HPLC chiral stationary phase (CSP) prepared by covalently bonding (+)-(18-crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid on silica gel was successfully employed in resolving various racemic natural and unnatural amino acids containing a primary amino group. Current work details on-going efforts to improve the effectiveness of this type of material. The analytes used in this study included various substituted phenylalanines, phenylglycine homologues and other primary amino acids. In an attempt to increase enantioselectivity, the effect of methanol and triethylamine modifiers was evaluated in an aqueous mobile phase containing sulfuric acid. In general. retention time increased with increasing methanol and triethylamine concentration. In addition, highest enantioselectivities were obtained with high methanol and high triethylamine; however, these conditions produced excessively long retention. All of the analytes were well resolved on the CSP with a mobile phase of 20% methanol containing 14.3 mM triethylamine and 10.0 mM sulfuric acid.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos/isolamento & purificação , Éteres de Coroa , Éteres Cíclicos/química , Etilaminas/química , Aminoácidos/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/instrumentação , EstereoisomerismoRESUMO
The nonlinear anisotropic diffusive process has shown the good property of eliminating noise while preserving the accuracy of edges and has been widely used in image processing. However, filtering depends on the threshold of the diffusion process, i.e., the cut-off contrast of edges. The threshold varies from image to image and even from region to region within an image. The problem compounds with intensity distortion and contrast variation. We have developed an adaptive diffusion scheme by applying the Central Limit Theorem to selecting the threshold. Gaussian distribution and Rayleigh distribution are used to estimate the distributions of visual objects in images. Regression under such distributions separates the distribution of the major object from other visual objects in a single-peak histogram. The separation helps to automatically determine the threshold. A fast algorithm is derived for the regression process. The method has been successfully used in filtering various medical images.
Assuntos
Algoritmos , Interpretação de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Angiografia/estatística & dados numéricos , Anisotropia , Difusão , Humanos , Dinâmica não Linear , Interpretação de Imagem Radiográfica Assistida por Computador/métodosRESUMO
The second messenger of sphingomyelin signaling, ceramide, acts as an intracellular signal via phosphatase activation and protein kinase C (PKC) inhibition. We tested the hypothesis that ceramide may have an regulatory role in determining vascular tone. Natural ceramide was applied to phenylephrine precontracted aortic rings from Sprague-Dawley rats in an organ bath. In endothelium-intact aortic rings, concentrations of ceramide at 10(-6) and 10(-5) mole/L induced 24 +/- 6 and 52 +/- 7% relaxation, respectively. Removal of the endothelium significantly inhibited ceramide-induced relaxation to 13 +/- 5% (10(-6) mole/L) and 29 +/- 5% (10(-5) mole/L). Similar inhibition was observed in endothelium-intact aortic rings pretreated with N omega-nitro-L-arginine (10(-4) mole/L) or methylene blue (10(-5) mole/L), suggesting that endothelium-derived nitric oxide is involved in ceramide-induced relaxation. N-acetylsphingosine (C2-ceramide), N-hexanoylsphingosine (C6-ceramide), N-palmitoylsphingosine (C16-ceramide) and D-sphingosine all demonstrated dose-dependent relaxation responses in endothelium-intact vessels. Sphingomyelin signaling through the nitric oxide-dependent mechanism may have an important role in regulating vascular tone.
Assuntos
Ceramidas/fisiologia , Endotélio Vascular/fisiologia , Músculo Liso Vascular/fisiologia , Animais , Aorta/efeitos dos fármacos , Aorta/enzimologia , Aorta/fisiologia , Ceramidas/farmacologia , Ativação Enzimática , Técnicas In Vitro , Masculino , Relaxamento Muscular/efeitos dos fármacos , Relaxamento Muscular/fisiologia , Músculo Liso Vascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Músculo Liso Vascular/enzimologia , Óxido Nítrico/fisiologia , Fosfoproteínas Fosfatases/metabolismo , Proteína Quinase C/antagonistas & inibidores , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Esfingomielinas/farmacologiaRESUMO
The blood and urine prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) in 106 cases of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer were investigated by RIA. Meanwhile, the relationship among PGE2, PGF2 alpha and the Syndromes of TCM were approached. The result showed: In comparing with the normal control, the blood and urine PGE2 of 106 cases were obviously higher (P < 0.01), but PGF2 alpha was not (P > 0.05). The urine PGE2 and PGF2 alpha of moderate gastritis were markedly higher than those of mild gastritis (P < 0.05), but there were no significant difference between blood PGE2, PGF2 alpha of moderate gastritis and those of mild gastritis (P > 0.05). The blood PGE2, PGE2/PGF2 alpha ratio of Dampness-Heat in Spleen-Stomach Syndrome and the blood PGE2/PGF2 alpha ratio of incoordination between Liver and Stomach Syndrome were higher than those of Spleen Stomach Deficiency Syndrome in all the cases (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control, both the decreased amplitude of blood PGE2/urine PGE2 and increased amplitude of blood PGF2 alpha/urine PGF2 alpha ratio showed as following: Spleen-Stomach Deficiency Syndrome > incoordination between Liver and stomach Syndrome > Dampness-Heat in Spleen-Stomach Syndrome. This study suggested: (1) There was a close relation between PGE2 and chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer; (2) There was no correlation between blood PGE2, PGF2 alpha and urine PGE2, PGF2 alpha; (3) PG was possibly a useful objective parameter to the Syndrome Differentiation in TCM.
Assuntos
Dinoprosta/metabolismo , Dinoprostona/metabolismo , Gastrite/metabolismo , Úlcera Péptica/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Gastrite/classificação , Humanos , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Úlcera Péptica/classificação , RadioimunoensaioRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between cardiac arrhythmias and autonomic nervous regulation in pilots under +Gz acceleration. METHOD: Dynamic ECG during +Gz exposures in 36 orthostatic intolerance pilots and 62 healthy pilots were analysed and compared. RESULT: The orthostatic intolerance pilots had obviously lower +Gz tolerance and more cardiac arrhythmias. The cardiac arrhythmias could affect +Gz tolerance. CONCLUSION: The cardiac arrhythmias under +Gz acceleration could be taken as an index of evaluating cardiovascular compensatory function and warning against acceleration (+Gz) induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC).