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1.
Bioresour Technol ; 393: 130015, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37979884

RESUMO

Intracellular lipid droplets (LDs), subcellular organelles playing a role in long-term carbon storage, have immense potential in biofuel and dietary lipid production. Monitoring the state of LDs in living cells is of utmost importance for quick biomass harvest and screening promising isolates. Here, a deep-learning-based segmentation model was developed for automatic detection and segmentation of LDs using the model yeast species Lipomyces starkeyi, leading to fast and accurate quantification of lipid contents in liquid cultures. The trained model detected the yeast's cell and LDs in light microscopic images with an accuracy of 98% and 92%, respectively. Lipid content prediction using pixel numbers counted in segmented LDs showed high similarity to lipid quantification results obtained with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This automated quantification can highly reduce cost and time in real-time monitoring of lipid production, thereby providing an efficient tool in bio-fermentation.


Assuntos
Aprendizado Profundo , Lipomyces , Leveduras , Lipídeos
2.
J Chin Med Assoc ; 82(3): 191-195, 2019 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30908412

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Garlic is a folk medicine known for its multiple physiological activities, but the neuro-modulatory effect of garlic against psychological stress has rarely been explored. The current study was conducted to determine the potential antipsychological stress effect of low temperature-aged garlic (LTAG). METHODS: After acute restraint stress exposure, mice were administered with raw garlic (RG, 500 mg/kg, p.o.) or LTAG (500 mg/kg, p.o.). We investigated corticosterone, cortisol, and monoamines levels, and the mRNA expression of genes relevant to oxidative stress. RESULTS: RG and LTAG treatment significantly decreased stress-related hormones such as corticotropin-releasing factor, adrenocorticotropic hormone, corticosterone, and cortisol. Moreover, RG and LTAG administration significantly restored acute restraint stress-induced changes in concentrations of brain neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, and epinephrine). In addition, RG and LTAG improved the antioxidant defense system by causing an increase in mRNA expression of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in the brain. CONCLUSION: This study suggests an antipsychological stress and neuroprotective effect of RG and LTAG under stress conditions.


Assuntos
Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Corticosterona/sangue , Alho , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Estresse Psicológico/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Monoaminas Biogênicas/sangue , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Catalase/metabolismo , Hidrocortisona/sangue , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Psicológico/sangue , Temperatura
3.
Amyloid ; 16(1): 15-24, 2009 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19291510

RESUMO

Amyloid beta peptide (Abeta)-induced oxidative stress may be linked to neurodegenerative disease. Ethanol extracts of Rosa laevigata protected PC12 cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) reduction assays revealed a significant increase in cell viability when oxidatively stressed PC12 cells were treated with R. laevigata extract. The effect of R. laevigata on oxidative stress-induced cell death was further investigated by lactate dehydrogenase release assays and trypan blue exclusion assays. Administration of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid dinonyl ester from R. laevigata extract to mice infused with Abeta significantly reversed learning and memory impairment in behavioural tests. After behavioural testing, the mice were sacrificed and brains were collected for the examination of lipid peroxidation, catalase activity and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity. These results suggest that 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid dinonyl ester from R. laevigata extract may be able to reduce Abeta-induced neurotoxicity, possibly by reducing oxidative stress. Therefore, R. laevigata extract may be useful for the prevention of oxidative stress-induced neurodegenerative disorders.


Assuntos
Precursor de Proteína beta-Amiloide/toxicidade , Síndromes Neurotóxicas/prevenção & controle , Ácidos Ftálicos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Aprendizagem da Esquiva/efeitos dos fármacos , Morte Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Membrana Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores da Colinesterase/farmacologia , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/toxicidade , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Aprendizagem em Labirinto/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos ICR , Síndromes Neurotóxicas/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Células PC12 , Ácidos Ftálicos/farmacologia , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Ratos , Rosa/química
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