Evaluation the Anti-Cancer Effect of PEGylated Nano-Niosomal Gingerol, on Breast Cancer Cell lines (T47D), In-Vitro

Background: Cancer is a significant problem in modern medicine, also is the most common cause of death after cardiovascular diseases, and in need of targeted drug release. Although, chemotherapy is an important candidate in cancer treatment, but it has many side effects on healthy tissues of the body. Therefore, Nano technology is used for specific function, by the least side effects and damage to normal cells. Materials and method: In this study, the pharmacological properties of PEGylated Nano-niosomal Gingerol was examined. Noisome were prepared using reverse phase evaporation method, which contains specific proportion of cholesterol, span60 and polyethylene glycol. Then, PEGylated the prepared formulation by PEG6600. The amount of release and encapsulation of the drug was investigated. The percentage of remains of cancer cell line T47D treated with PEGylated niosomal Gingerol. Results: The average diameter of the nanoparticles, size distribution and zeta potential were reported for PEGylated niosomal sample 35.65 nm, 0.17 and 21 mv, and for PEGylated niosomal drug sample 256.9 nm, 0.23 and 28 mv, respectively. The amount of OD for encapsulated drug was 0.198, also the amount of concentration of the drug which is not encapsulated, was 0.77947 µl of the drug per ml. This value of encapsulated drug was 76.38 percent. Conclusion: The results showed that IC50 of the formulation of PEGylated nanoniosomal Gingerol is less than the standard drug. It seems, the cause of this phenomenon is due to the effect of Polyethylene glycol, in more stability and slower drug release, in the formulation of PEGylated niosome. Also, Polyethylene glycol makes increase in the drug dealing and its greater influence with the target cell. In this study, more than 76% of the Gingerol drug in PEGylated nanoniosomal formulation were enclose. Also, we could reduce the amount of drug release, as much as possible.

Beneficial effects of pioglitazone and metformin in murine model of polycystic ovaries via improvement of chemerin gene up-regulation.

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) is recognized as the most common endocrinopathy in female. Chemerin is a novel adipocytokine that is expressed in ovary and upregulated in adipose tissue of obese, PCO patients. To date there is no report about the regulation of ovarian chemerin gene expression after PCO induction and treatment by insulin sensitizing drugs including pioglitazone and metformin. Thirty female rats were divided into six experimental groups with five rats in each group including control group, PCO group (i.m injection of 4 mg estradiol benzoate for 40 days), metformin treated (200 mg/kg/day for 21 days), pioglitazone treated (20 mg/kg/day, for 21 days), PCO + metformin and PCO + pioglitazone. PCO was detected by microscopic observation of vaginal smear and treatment by metformin and pioglitazone was initiated one week after that. Ovarian chemerin expression was analyzed by real time PCR and western blotting. RESULTS: Our results demonstrated that PCO induction resulted in elevation of chemerin mRNA and protein levels in ovary in concomitant with incidence of insulin resistance and increasing androgen and progesterone production. We observed that metformin and pioglitazone attenuated ovarian chemerin expression and improved insulin resistance and abnormal steroid production in PCO rats. CONCLUSION: Based on data presented here we concluded that alteration of ovarian chemerin expression may has important role in PCO development and manipulation of chemerin expression or signaling by pioglitazone or metformin can be a novel therapeutic mechanism in the treatment of PCO patients by these drugs.