RESUMO
Fifteen different genotypes of greater yam (Dioscorea alata) NGY-1, NGY-2, NGY-3, NGY-4, NGY-5, NGY-6, NGY-7, NGY-8, NGY-9, NGY-10, NGY-11, NGY-12, NGY-13, NGY-14 and Da-199 were procured from different places of south Gujarat, like Valsad, Navsari, Surat and Anand. Among the biochemical parameters total carbohydrate ranged between 51.87 and 87.85% from different genotypes, starch ranged from 47 to 80.67%, crude fat ranged from 0.6 to 2.32%, crude fibre ranged between 1.10 and 4.09%, anthocyanin content of genotypes ranged from 1.01 to 3.25 mg/g, beta-carotene content ranged between 0.97 and 1.88 µg/g. The antinutrients namely Diosgenin and Tannin ranged from 0.28 to 0.93% and 0.923 mg/100 g to 2.447 mg/100 g, respectively. RAPD analysis was also done by the help of 18 RAPD markers: OPA1, OPA2, OPA3, OPA13, OPB1, OPB6, OPB7, OPM1, OPM2, OPM4, OPM7, OPM11, OPM12, OPM13, OPM15, OPM16, OPM17 and OPM19 from which an average of 9.7 loci were detected with an average of 4.72 polymorphic loci which is 48.65% polymorphism per loci and 48.70% average polymorphism. From the overall study, it can be conferred that the study revealed highest carbohydrate content in NGY-3 (87.85%), fat (2.32%) and crude fiber content (4.09%) in NGY-11, ß-carotene in NGY-7 (1.88 µg/g), anthocyanin in NGY-4(3.25 mg/g). Lowest tannin (0.923 mg/100 g) and diosgenin (0.28%) was found in NGY-6, and NGY-7 respectively. For each of the biochemical parameters, the varieties with the optimum values may be cultivated. As the molecular studies revealed NGY-2 and NGY-3 have 96% similarities, they may be the duplicate of the same genotypes which can be studied further for better germplasm conservation.
RESUMO
Finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) is gaining popularity as healthy food due to its nutritional and phytochemical properties. This study reports nutritional and phytochemical profile of ten finger millet genotypes. Proximate analysis of finger millet genotypes revealed moisture, total carbohydrate, protein, fat, fiber and ash in the range of 7.50-11.75, 71.90-76.38, 6.7-8.0, 1.2-1.7, 3.1-3.8 and 3.1-3.8 per cent respectively. Micro-nutrient profiling showed Ca, Fe, Zn, P, K and Mn in the range of 2400.00-3400.00, 40.28-47.60, 12.40-17.45, 1600.00-2900.00, 3800.00-5200.00 and 51.33-61.28 mg kg-1 respectively. Phytochemical profiling was done for total phenol, phytic acid, tannins, flavonoids, HCN, oxalate and trypsin inhibitor which were observed in the range of 99.75-112.25, 210.75-302.75, 340.00-500.00, 62.23-74.05, 2.45-2.80, 19.80-26.23 mg 100 g-1 and 207.35-234.23 TIU g-1 respectively. Amino acid profiling showed good amount of essential amino acids. Nutritional and phytochemical profiling of finger millet genotypes showed its potentiality to become source of health promoting food.