Health care seeking behavior for depression in Northeast Ethiopia: depression is not considered as illness by more than half of the participants.

BACKGROUND: Depression is one of the most disabling and chronic mental illnesses. Despite its high burden, many people suffering from depression did not perceive that they had a treatable illness and consequently most of them did not seek professional help. The aim of this study was to assess the level of professional help-seeking behavior and associated factors among individuals with depression. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among residents of Dessie, Northeast Ethiopia. First, 1165 residents were screened for depression using patient health questionnaire and then 226 individuals who were screened positive for probable depression were interviewed with General Help-Seeking Questionnaire to assess the professional help-seeking behavior of participants with depression. Major associated variables were identified using logistic regression with 95% confidence interval (CI), and variables with a p value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Among the total participants with depressive symptoms, only 25.66% of them did seek professional help. Being female [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.769, 95% CI (1.280, 5.99)], current alcohol drinking [AOR = 2.74, 95% CI (1.265, 5.940)], co-morbid medical-surgical illness [AOR = 4.49, 95% CI (1.823, 11.071)], perceiving depression as illness [AOR = 2.44, 95% CI (1.264, 4.928)], having moderate depressive symptoms [AOR = 2.54, 95% CI (1.086, 5.928)] and moderately severe depressive symptoms [AOR = 7.67, 95% CI (2.699, 21.814)] were significantly associated with help seeking behavior of participants. CONCLUSIONS: Level of professional help-seeking behavior is as low as previous studies in different countries. The severity of depressive symptoms, co-morbidity of medical-surgical illness, current drinking of alcohol, being female, and perceiving depression as illness were significantly associated with professional help-seeking behavior for depressive symptoms. Working on mental health literacy in the community is important to increase help-seeking behavior.

Nurses' Documentation Practice and Associated Factors in Eight Public Hospitals, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Nursing care documentation, which is the record of nursing care that is planned for and delivered to individual patients, can enhance patient outcomes while advancing the nursing profession. However, its practice and associated factors among Ethiopian nurses are not well investigated. Objective: To assess the level of nursing care documentation practice and associated factors among nurses working at public hospitals in Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1 to 30, 2022. A total of 378 nurses and corresponding charts were randomly selected with a multistage sampling technique. Self-administered structured questionnaires and structured checklists were used to collect data about independent variables and nurses' documentation practice, respectively. Epi Data 4.6 was used for data entry and SPSS version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis have been employed. The STROBE checklist was used to report the study. Results: In this study, 372 nurses participated, and 30.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 26%-35%) of them had good nursing care documentation practice. Adequate knowledge about nursing care documentation(adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.16, 95% CI: [2.36-7.33]), favorable attitude toward nursing care documentation (AOR = 3.43, 95% CI: [1.85-6.36]), adequacy of documenting sheets (AOR = 2.02, 95% CI: [1.14-3.59]), adequacy of time (AOR = 3.85, 95% CI: [2.11-7.05]), nurse-to-patient ratio (AOR = 2.78, 95% CI: [1.13-6.84]), and caring patients who had no stress, anxiety, pain, and distress (AOR = 3.56, 95% CI: [1.69-7.52]) were significantly associated with proper nursing care documentation practices. Conclusion: Nursing documentation practice was poor in this study compared to the health sector transformation in quality standards due to the identified factors. Improving nurses' knowledge and attitude toward nursing care documentation and increasing access to documentation materials can contribute to improving documentation practice.

Lived Experiences of Adult Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy Treatment at University of Gondar Specialized Hospital, North West Ethiopia, 2021.

Cancer is a global public health problem and it exposes patients with a wide range of physical, psychological, social, and financial problems. Experiences, feelings and thoughts patients have during the course of the disease are the determining factors of disease management. However, most of the studies analyzing cancer patients' experiences have been performed only in high-income countries and the situation for cancer patients in Ethiopia is largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of adult cancer patients undergoing Chemotherapy treatment at University of Gondar specialized Hospital, Ethiopia. A phenomenological study design was conducted among adult cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment at University of Gondar specialized Hospital. In-depth interview was conducted with 13 participants by using purposive sampling technique from March 15 to April 15, 2021. The data collection process facilitated by using semi-structured Amharic interview guide. After transcription and translation, data were analyzed by using a thematic analysis method. The ATLAS.ti software version 9 was used for coding and categorization. The result was reported using narrative and mentioned indirect quotation. The findings of the study revealed four main themes: "psychological discomfort," "functional status impairment," "experiences about chemotherapy treatment," and "coping mechanism." The findings revealed that being diagnosed with cancer is the most traumatic experience and affect all aspect of a patient life. Despite the side effects, the treatment gives hope for a new life. Social and spiritual supports have importance in coping the negative effects of living with cancer. Therefore, health care providers should provide psychosocial care to cancer patients from there diagnosis and in there treatment in dealing with this difficult process.

Undiagnosed hypertension and associated factors among bank workers in Bahir Dar City, Northwest, Ethiopia, 2020. A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Undiagnosed hypertension is defined as individuals who were hypertensive but did not report having been told by a health professional that they have hypertension. It is an important risk factor for development of chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Despite those problems and benefits of finding individuals with undiagnosed hypertension to prevent its outcomes, no enough investigations have been done regarding the prevalence and associated factors of undiagnosed hypertension. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and its associated factors among bank workers in Ethiopia. METHODS: An institutional based cross-sectional study was held at Bahir Dar city bank workers. The simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Self-administered structured questionnaire and physical measurement were used to collect data. The data were entered into EPI data 3.1 versions and exported to SPSS version 23.0 statistical software for further analysis. In order to decide the association between independent and dependent variables; multivariate logistic regression analysis was implemented. A P-value of < 0.05 was used as the criterion for statistical significance and OR with 95% confidence interval was used to indicate the strength of association. RESULT: In this study from a total of 524 participants 513 were completed the questionnaire correctly, which gives a response rate of 97.9%. The overall prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among bank workers was 24.8% with (95% CI 21.1-28.5). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that age 35-44 [AOR = 2.56, 95% CI: (1.60-4.09)], being male [AOR = 3.61, 95% CI: (1.84-7.05)], having moderate knowledge [AOR = 3.81, 95% CI: (2.29-6.34)], having poor knowledge [AOR = 6.19, 95% CI: (3.07-)12.48], and being physically inactivity [AOR = 2.91, 95% CI: (1.26-6.76)] were variables significantly associated with undiagnosed hypertension. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among bank workers in Bahir Dar city was found to be high. An age group of 35-44 years, being male, having moderate and poor knowledge and being physically inactivity was the variables that were significantly associated with undiagnosed hypertension. Therefore, creating awareness, frequent screening and implementation of an appropriate intervention for this vulnerable group is important.

Erectile dysfunction among testicular cancer survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Erectile dysfunction is one of the common complications of testicular cancer with a prevalence of 11.3%-84%. It has devastating effects on men and their partner's quality of life, sexual satisfaction, and sexual experience. The findings of the previous studies on this matter were uneven and inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis is conducted to acquire a more recent and comprehensive result. METHODS AND MATERIALS: PubMed, Scopus, Goggle scholar, Science Direct, African Index Medicus, African Journal online, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. All necessary data were extracted using a standardized data extraction format. Data were analyzed using STATA 14 statistical software. A heterogeneity of studies was assessed using the I2 statistics. Publication bias was checked by using a funnel plot and Egger's regression test. A random-effects model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence of erectile dysfunction. RESULT: Fourteen full-text studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of erectile dysfunction among testicular cancer survivors was found to be 34.60% (95% CI: 25.89, 43.30 [I2 = 95.9% p = 0.000]). Study design subgroup analysis indicated that the pooled prevalence of erectile dysfunction was 50.02% (95% CI: 22.78, 77.28% [I2 = 96.1 p = 0.000]), and 27.36% (95% CI: 19.23, 34.48% [I2 = 91.6, P = 0.000]) in the case-control and cohort studies, respectively. Likewise, the level of erectile dysfunction was varied based on ED erectile dysfunction measuring tools and testicular cancer treatment modalities. CONCLUSION: In this study erectile dysfunction was found to be a highly prevalent complication in testicular cancer survivors. It had also causes of heterogeneity in terms of treatment modalities, study designs, and measuring tools. Therefore prevention of this complication should be the concern of the responsible bodies.

Nurses' intention to leave their job in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Nurses' intention to leave their job is a worldwide concern. Internal and external brain drain factors are the main reason for nurses' intention to leave their job. So far, in Sub Sahara Africa, several observational studies have been done on nurses' intention to leave their job. However, a comprehensive review that would have a lot of evidence for designing an intervention is lacking. Hence, this study aimed to the pooled status of nurses' intention to leave their job. METHODS: In the current meta-analysis, the target variables were searched from different electronic databases. These electronic databases are Pub Med, Google Scholar, Science Direct, African Index Medicus, African Journal Online, EMB ASE, and the Cochran Library. To determine the pooled proportion of intention to leave their job in Sub- Saharan Africa, all the necessary data was extracted by using a standardized data extraction format. We analyzed the data by using Stata 15 statistical software. Heterogeneity between the primary studies assessed by Cochran Q and I-square tests. A random-effect model computes to estimate the pooled nurses' intention to leave their job. RESULT: We included fifteen full-text studies in the current meta-analysis. The findings of this meta-analysis revealed that the pooled proportion of nurses' intention to leave their job in sub-Saharan Africa was 50.74% (95% CI; 41.33, 60.14; I2 = 95.80%). The subgroup analysis showed that the highest pooled proportion of intention to leave their job (58.03% (95% CI: 47.93, 68.12)) in East Africa. The lowest pooled estimation to leave their job among nurses showed that South Africa (33.04% (95%CI: 20.45, 45.63)). CONCLUSION: In the current study, there was a high proportion of nurses indentation to leave their job. Nurses' intention to leave their job also varied from region to region in the study area. Therefore, health managers and stakeholders focus on design sufficient development and career opportunities, positive working atmosphere, and secure their autonomy.

Precancerous cervical lesion in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Though cervical cancer is largely preventable, it is still the second most common female cancer globally and the leading cause of cancer deaths among females in African. Though many efforts have been done to study the burden of the disease in Ethiopia, primary studies examining the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions are fragmented. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis is aimed at estimating the pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion and its trends in Ethiopia. METHODS: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using the following electronic databases. PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Google Scholar, African Index Medicus (AIM), African Journals Online databases, and Addis Ababa and Bahir Dar Universities research repositories were searched following the Preferred Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) Guideline. STATA 15 statistical software was used to analyze the data. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality appraisal tool for meta-analysis. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Cochrane Q test and I2 test statistics based on the random effects model. A random effects model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion in Ethiopia. Finally, the trend of precancerous cervical lesion in the country was presented. RESULT: Seventeen studies with a total of 26,112 participants were included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion was 15.16 (95% CI 10.16-19.70). The subgroup analysis by region showed the highest prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion at the Southern Nations and Nationalities Peoples Region (19.65%; 95% CI 15.51-23.80). The trend of precancerous cervical lesion prevalence showed an increased pattern over time. CONCLUSION: Approximately one among six of the study participants had precancerous cervical lesion. The trend also showed that there is still an increasing precancerous cervical lesion in Ethiopia. Best practices in achieving high vaccination coverage shall be informed by practices in other successful countries.

Knowledge towards standard precautions among healthcare providers of hospitals in Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2017: a cross sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Literatures revealed that healthcare-associated infections are still a great concern in many developing countries including in Ethiopia. Despite the development of detailed guidelines for infection control, they remain as a critical challenge for the public health sectors and the knowledge of standard precautions among healthcare workers in many developing countries is low and not properly applied. Hence, the present study tried to determine the level of knowledge about standard precautions among healthcare workers of Amhara region, Ethiopia. METHODS: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on a randomly selected public hospitals of Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia from March 01-April 01/2017. A multistage sampling strategy was utilized to select 795 sampled healthcare workers. Data were collected using pretested self-administered questionnaire. The collected data entered using EpiData Version 3.1 statistical software and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical package. After using binary logistic regression, multivariable logistic regression analysis used to form the model. Variables which had statistically significant association with the outcome variable (P < 0.05) were identified as significant in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Almost half (49.2%) of the study participants were female healthcare workers. Three-fourth (74.3%) of the healthcare workers involved in the current study had good knowledge towards standard precautions. Good knowledge towards standard precautions refers to scoring correct responses to > 60% of knowledge items from the survey. Year of service (AOR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.44), educational status (AOR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.56) were among the predictor variables. In addition, physicians were 6.97 times more likely to be knowledgeable (AOR: 6.97, 95% CI 2.42 to 20.12) than laboratory technician/technology counterparts. Study participants working in medical, Gyn/obs, pediatrics wards, and OPD were about 2.23, 4.27, 2.81 and 2.52 times more likely to be knowledgeable than study participants working in surgical ward. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the majority of healthcare workers had good knowledge of standard precautions. But variation in knowledge was detected across healthcare workers by hospital type and ward/units. This may help to design a solution by prioritizing the problem.

Metabolic syndrome among residents of Mizan-Aman town, South West Ethiopia, 2017: A cross sectional study.

INTRODUCTION: Globally, it is estimated that around 20-25% adult population has metabolic syndrome. Individuals who have metabolic syndrome are up to five times more susceptible for chronic diseases than those who have no metabolic syndrome. In Ethiopia there is no sufficient information regarding the magnitude and factors of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study is to assess prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome among residents of Mizan-Aman town, South West, Ethiopia. METHODS: The community based cross-sectional study was held at Mizan-Aman town residents. Systematic random sampling was employed to select each household and lottery method was used to select one individual from the household. Data were cleaned, coded and entered by EPI-INFO version 3.5.4 and were transported to SPSS version 20 for further analysis. To indicate the strength of association, odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used. RESULTS: In this study from a total of 558 respondents 534 were completed the interview correctly, which gives a response rate of 95.7%. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 9.6%. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that physical inactivity [AOR = 2.61, 95% CI (1.22, 5.58)], age from 18 to 28 years [AOR = 0.36, 95% CI (0.14, 0.90)], being male [AOR = 0.46, 95% CI (0.22, 0.96)] and educational status with cannot write and read [AOR = 0.15, 95% CI (0.04,0.53)], from grade 1 to 8 [AOR = 0. 17, (0.11,0.55)], from grade 9 to12 [AOR = 0.11, (0.03, 0.38)] and from diploma to degree [AOR = 0. 13, (0.01, 0.36)] were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in this study was found to be high. Age, physical activity, educational status and sex were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome. Physical activity was found to be the means of metabolic syndrome prevention.

Triage skill and associated factors among emergency nurses in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2017: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess levels of triage skill and associated factors among emergency nurses in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017. RESULTS: Above half of the participants (52.9%) had a moderate level of triage skill. A strong positive relationship was found between nurses' level of triage knowledge and skill (r = .68, p .01). Knowledge about triage, educational level and training experience had a significant relationship with triage skill with (B = 1.09, CI (1.41, 1.77), p = .002), (B = - 19.96, CI (- 30.208, - 9.715), p = .001), (B = .55, CI .16, .94), p = .006) respectively. This study revealed that most triage nurses had a moderate level of skills. Therefore, the ministry of health and hospitals should provide training and education to improve triage skill.

Prevalence and associated factors of postpartum depression in Southwest, Ethiopia, 2017: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of postpartum depression among mothers who gave birth within the last 12 months among hospitals of Southwest Ethiopia, 2017. RESULT: The study revealed that 138 (33.82%) of mothers had postpartum depression. Unplanned pregnancy adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.49, 95% CI (2.31, 8.71), age from 15 to 24 years AOR = 0.420, 95% CI (0.18, 0.98), having a chronic physical illness AOR = 7.71, 95% CI (2.34, 25.44), experiencing death of infant AOR = 4.12, (1.78, 9.51) and unstable marital condition AOR = 6.02, (2.79, 12.99) were significantly associated with postpartum depression. The prevalence of post-partum depression was found to be high. Therefore urgent attention must be given to this problem, in particular towards its early detection, so that morbidity could be reduced in this group of women.

Determinants of premature rupture of membrane in Southern Ethiopia, 2017: case control study design.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the determinants of term premature rupture of membrane in Southern Ethiopia public hospitals, 2017. RESULTS: Seventy-five cases and 223 controls women were enrolled for the study. Two hundred eighty-four (95.3%) participants were admitted at the gestational age of above 40, and the rest, 14 (4.7%), were admitted at 37-40 weeks of gestation. The current study identified wealth index and inter-birth interval as preventive predictors, but smoking and hypertension during pregnancy were identified as positive determinants of premature rupture of membrane. This finding is supported by multiple logistic regression analysis result of wealth index (AOR: 0.102, 95% CI [0.033, 0.315]), inter-birth interval (AOR: 0.251, 95% CI [0.129, 0 0.488]), smoking (AOR: 17.053, 95% CI [2.145, 135.6]), and hypertension (AOR: 8.92, 95% CI (1.91, 41.605]). The association between PROM and its determinants indicated that evidence-based interventions should be needed and designed to have very high wealth index, and optimal interbirth interval, and prevent smoking and hypertension during pregnancy to decrease PROM occurrence in the study settings. Hence, we recommended that integration of prevention mechanism of modifiable determinants to the obstetrics health care system will reduce premature ruptures of a membrane.