[Features of actual nutrition of the adult population in Republic of Buryatia in modern conditions].

Evaluation of the actual nutrition of the population of individual regions allows the development of targeted practical measures to improve nutrition, the structure of food consumption and appropriate recommendations to ensure optimal development and health status of a person. In order to study the nutrition of the adult population of the Republic of Buryatia, a retrospective analysis of the feeding structure data was conducted according to the data of the territorial department of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic of Buryatia, and the results obtained in the course of the questionnaire survey of 426 people (chosen by selective method with observance of representativeness) were analyzed. The data are presented obtained on the results of comparison with physiological needs in energy and nutrients for men and women in the most employable age of 30-39 years, having the third group of labor intensity. The structure of the food indicates its irrationality, which was confirmed by an increase in the consumption of food products with high content of saturated fats and added sugars, a decrease in the consumption of biologically valuable food products with high food density. In the product mix of the adult population of the republic, both among men and women, there was a lack of consumption of products from aquatic bioresources, vegetables, dairy products and eggs. At the same time, the consumption of bakery, flour-grinding products and potatoes in aggregate amounted to 120% of the recommended level. According to the results of the observation, 91.6% of the interviewed did not take into account the distribution of caloric intake by meals, in 50.8% the highest calorie intake was for dinner. Actual nutrition included elements that are risk factors for the development of endocrine pathology, disorders of the hormonal system and other metabolic diseases. There was a high level of energy intake for a number of years, which averaged 2891±43.6 kcal in men, 2407±38.4 in women, due to excess of fat and carbohydrates with a protein content of 82.4-87.3% of the recommended level. As a result, the problem of healthy nutrition, bringing the diet in line with the real physiological needs of a person requires serious systemic decisions in terms of organizing, systematizing and standardizing nutrition.

[Prevalence and genetic diversity of the Alongshan virus (Flaviviridae) circulating in ticks in the south of Eastern Siberia].

INTRODUCTION: Tick-borne infections are of great importance for many regions of Russia, including Eastern Siberia. This unfavorable epidemiological situation can be characterized not only by the circulation of well-known tick-borne infections, but also by the identification of new pathogens, the role of which remains little or generally unexplored. Multicomponent flavi-like viruses can cause infectious diseases in humans and pose a threat to public health. The purpose of the study was the identification and molecular genetic characterization of the Alongshan virus (Flaviviridae, ALSV) isolates, transmitted by ticks in the south of Eastern Siberia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total 1060 ticks were collected and analyzed from the territory of the Republics of Khakassia, Tuva, Buryatia, Irkutsk Region and Transbaikal Territory (Zabaykalsky Krai) in the spring-summer period 2023. ALSV RNA was detected by RT-PCR followed by nucleotide sequence determination and phylogenetic analysis for each segment of the genome. RESULTS: The ALSV infection rate in Ixodes persulcatus ticks collected in the Republic of Khakassia was 3.3% (95% CI: 1.4-7.5); in Irkutsk Oblast - 1.0% (95% CI: 0.3-3.7); in the Republic of Tuva - 0.9% (95% CI: 0.3-3.4) and in Transbaikal Krai - 0.7% (95% CI: 0.2-3.6). Sequences of all four segments of ALSV genetic variants circulating in I. persulcatus ticks in the south of Eastern Siberia are grouped with sequences found in China and clustered into the Asian subgroup transmitted by taiga ticks. The level of difference in the nucleotide sequences of genome fragments among the identified genetic variants of ALSV ranged from 2 to 3%. CONCLUSION: The article shows the widespread distribution of ALSV in I. persulcatus ticks in the Republics of Khakassia and Tyva, Irkutsk Oblast and Transbaikal Territory. The obtained data actualize monitoring of changes in the area of distribution of potentially dangerous for humans flavi-like viruses and their vectors.