Formation of Benzimidazoisoquinolinium and Benzimidazoisoindolinum Cyclic Systems by the Reaction of 2-(2-Alkynylphenyl)benzimidazoles with Iodine and Iodine-Iodine Interaction Including Halogen Bonding in Their Crystal Structures.

The reaction of 2-(2-alkynylphenyl)benz[d]imidazoles with molecular iodine constructed 5- and 6-membered rings as novel organic salts in high yield. The constituted number of ring systems was influenced by the substituent at the triple bond: 6-membered rings were formed from compounds bearing aryl substituents, whereas 5-membered ones were obtained from compounds with hydrogen or alkyl substituents. The products were obtained with triiodide as a counteranion; however, compounds with iodide were also obtainable under certain conditions. We also revealed that they had an iodine-iodine interaction included in halogen bonding between an iodo moiety of the cation and a triiodide or iodide of the counteranion. The iodine-iodine interaction was formed with greater preference than the electrostatic interaction between the cationic atom and triiodide or iodide.

[Problems of adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 for gastric cancer].

From results of ACTS-GC,postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy,administration of S-1 for one year has become the standard for gastric cancer of Stage II and III except T1. We inspected problems of adjuvant chemotherapy by S-1 by dose rate, an adverse event,and compliance. For the period from July 2006 to December 2008,among 41 cases of stage II/stage III gastric cancer, S-1 was as started as adjuvant therapy by for 28 cases (68.3%). Among 14 cases (63.6%) considered able to complete S-1 treatment for one year, 7 cases (31.8%) had to have their dose reduced or their administration schedule changed. No adverse event of grade 3/4 was found, but cancellation or reduced dose was necessary due to anorexia, malaise, diarrhea, severe skin reaction, and leukopenia resulting from myelosuppression. Thirteen patients took no S-1, and two (4.9%) of them took UFT, while 11 cases (26.8%) became a no-treatment follow-up group for reasons of age, coexisting symptoms and other reasons. The problem in the future is to improve compliance, and to establish a treatment strategy for patients who do not meet administration criteria and for patients for whom continuation of drug administration is impossible.

[Side effects of FEC100].

PURPOSE: The purpose was to investigate side effects of FEC100 treatment, particularly bone marrow suppression, nausea and vomiting. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We investigated side effects of FEC100 at the time of initial administration in 49 breast cancer patients (including 3 with recurrence). We used a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist as an antiemetic agent, steroids and Haloperidol, an antidopamine agent. Antibiotics were also administered for five days from day 10. RESULTS: The mean nadir of white blood cell count was 1,492+/-575 microL, and the mean day on which the nadir was reached was the 13.0+/-1.45th day. Leukopenia of less than 1,000 microL (grade 4) was seen in 8 (16.3%) of the 49 patients, and the incidence of leukopenia was particularly high (3/6, 50%) in patients with multiple bone metastases. Febrile neutropenia occurred in 4 (8.1%) of the 49 patients, 2 of those 4 patients having multiple bone metastasis. Fifteen (30.6%) of the 49 patients had nausea, and 3 patients (6.1%) had vomiting. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that side effects of FEC100 treatment are tolerable. However, care is needed for patients with multiple bone metastases because of the strong bone marrow suppression in such patients.

Microfluidic Fabrication of Morphology-Controlled Polymeric Microspheres of Blends of Poly(4-butyltriphenylamine) and Poly(methyl methacrylate).

Multicomponent polymer particles with specific morphology are promising materials exhibiting novel functionality which cannot be obtained with single-component polymer particles. Particularly, the preparation of such kinds of polymer particles involving electrically or optically active conjugated polymers with uniform size is a challenging subject due to their intense demands. Here, microspheres of binary polymer blend consisting of poly(4-butyltriphenylamine) (PBTPA)/poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (1:1 in weight) were produced via a microfluidic emulsification with a Y-shaped microreactor, and a subsequent solvent evaporation method. The flow rate of the dispersed phase (polymer solution) was fixed to 7 µL/min, and 140 or 700 µL/min of the flow rate of the continuous phase (aqueous 0.6 wt % of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution) was utilized to produce the dispersion with different diameter. The concentration of dispersed phase was adjusted to 0.1 or 1.0 w/v%. Core-shell, Janus and dumbbell type microspheres were obtained dependent on the flow rate of continuous phase. Incomplete core-shell type microspheres were produced for the blend involving low molecular weight PMMA. Complex Janus and core-shell type microspheres were fabricated by the addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to continuous phase. It is found that final morphologies are strongly dependent on the initial conditions of dispersion including the particle size suggesting that the morphologies are governed by the kinetical factors together with the conventionally accepted thermodynamic ones.

[A case of left breast cancer resulting in complete response by primary systemic therapy].

The patient was a 39-year-old woman, who noted a mass in her left breast. She was diagnosed with the left breast cancer (T4N2M0, stage IIIB) in our hospital. As primary systemic therapy, she received 4 cycles of FEC 100 every 21 days, and then 4 cycles of paclitaxel (180 mg/m(2)) every 21 days. Clinical CR was maintained, and a total mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection was performed. The resected specimen showed no visible cancer cells in both the primary site and axillary lymph nodes. The effect of the chemotherapy was grade 3, pathological CR, and all lymph node metastases disappeared.

Emergency operation for phlegmonous gastritis.

Phlegmonous gastritis is a rare inflammatory lesion in which bacterial infection occurs in the gastric wall. A case of phlegmonous gastritis producing an intramural filling defect in the stomach is presented. Endoscopy showed edematous and reddened gastric mucosa with a mass lesion in the gastric body and antrum. An abdominal CT scan showed diffuse and irregular thickening of the gastric wall. At emergency operation, a total gastrectomy with splenectomy was performed. The most important differential diagnosis is carcinoma, especially scirrhous-type gastric cancer. Radiographic findings of phlegmonous gastritis resemble those of scirrhous gastric cancer. More frequent recognition of this disease, early diagnosis and prompt institution of treatment is essential.

Pyogenic liver abscesses secondary to carcinoma of the sigmoid colon: a case report and clinical features of 20 cases in Japan.

We report a case of liver abscesses associated with sigmoid colon cancer in an 81-year-old woman. The patient was referred to our hospital because of a tumorous lesion of the sigmoid colon. Five days before the scheduled operation, she presented abdominal pain, fever and chill. Imaging scans revealed multiple liver abscesses in both lobes, which were successfully treated with intravenously administered antibiotics. Two weeks later, the patient underwent laparoscopic-assisted sigmoidectomy. Nineteen cases of liver abscess associated with colonic cancer have been reported during the past ten years in Japan, and we report the clinical features of these cases in this paper. An aggressive search for the underlying cause of pyogenic liver abscess should be an integral part of the definitive treatment of this disease.