RESUMO
Microalgae crops can generate a biochemical profile of high energy density and may be used for remediation of contaminated waste waters. This manuscript presents a laboratory-scale investigation into the potential for growing endemic microalgae biofilms in phosphorus-enriched nickel refinery tailings water, with an emphasis on product potential and the remediation of heavy metals. The dominant species of the consortia was a Chlorella-like microalga. The growth was monitored over time, with a productivity (0.77±0.07gAFDW.m-2.day-1) showing promising potential. The biochemical profile of biomass had a high total carbohydrate yield (40.0%), and a potential for increased lipid yields (6.7-19.5%). Biofilms showed a significant potential for the removal of heavy metals (Ni, Co, Mn, Sr) from the waste water with 24.8%, 10.5%, 24.8% and 26.4% reduction in Ni, Co, Mn and Sr, respectively. Results highlight significant potential for large-scale biofilm biomass production using metal-laden nickel refinery waste waters.
Assuntos
Biocombustíveis , Microalgas , Biofilmes , Chlorella , Águas Residuárias , ÁguaRESUMO
Cytochrome c (Lol p X) was purified from the pollen of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne). It was used in a sensitive double-antibody radioimmunoassay to determine specific IgG and IgE antibody (Ab) levels in the sera of grass-allergic human subjects and the relationship between immune responsiveness and HLA type. A total of 139 subjects were studied, including 63 subjects treated by grass immunotherapy and 76 untreated subjects. The sera of only four subjects were found to contain anticytochrome c IgG Ab; there was no evidence of cytochrome c-specific IgE Ab in any of these patients. Based on these data, we conclude that the prevalence of IgE and IgG Ab responses to this protein is low. Because of the small number of responders, it was not possible to demonstrate a significant association between any HLA-D specificity and immune responsiveness to ryegrass cytochrome c.