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1.
Eur J Neurosci ; 57(9): 1466-1480, 2023 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36970752

RESUMO

Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) causes secondary damage in injured and adjacent regions due to temporal deprivation of oxygen and energy supply. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is known to regulate cell survival mechanisms such as hypoxia, oxidative stress, inflammation and energy homeostasis in various tissues. Thus, PPARγ has the potential to show neuroprotective properties. However, the role of endogenous spinal PPARγ in SCI is not well established. In this study, under isoflurane inhalation, a 10-g rod was freely dropped onto the exposed spinal cord after T10 laminectomy using a New York University impactor in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Cellular localization of spinal PPARγ, locomotor function and mRNA levels of various genes including NFκB-targeted pro-inflammatory mediators after intrathecal administration of PPARγ antagonists, agonists or vehicles in SCI rats were then analysed. In both sham and SCI rats, spinal PPARγ was presented in neurons but not in microglia or astrocytes. Inhibition of PPARγ induced IκB activation and increased mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. It also suppressed recovery of locomotor function with myelin-related gene expression in SCI rats. However, a PPARγ agonist showed no beneficial effects on the locomotor performances of SCI rats, although it further increased the protein expression of PPARγ. In conclusion, endogenous PPARγ has a role in anti-inflammation after SCI. Inhibition of PPARγ might have a negative influence on motor function recovery through accelerated neuroinflammation. Nonetheless, exogenous PPARγ activation does not appear to effectively help with functional improvement after SCI.


Assuntos
PPAR gama , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal , Ratos , Masculino , Animais , PPAR gama/metabolismo , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Neurônios/metabolismo , Mediadores da Inflamação , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica
2.
Korean J Physiol Pharmacol ; 20(1): 129-36, 2016 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26807032

RESUMO

This study was performed to investigate whether an intra-articular injection of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor agonist, resiniferatoxin (RTX) would alleviate behavioral signs of arthritic pain in a rat model of osteoarthritis (OA). We also sought to determine the effect of RTX treatment on calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression in the spinal cord. Knee joint inflammation was induced by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA, 8 mg/50 µl) and weight bearing percentage on right and left hindpaws during walking, paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimulation, and paw withdrawal latency to heat were measured to evaluate pain behavior. Intra-articular administration of RTX (0.03, 0.003 and 0.0003%) at 2 weeks after the induction of knee joint inflammation significantly improved reduction of weight bearing on the ipsilateral hindlimb and increased paw withdrawal sensitivity to mechanical and heat stimuli. The reduction of pain behavior persisted for 3~10 days according to each behavioral test. The MIA-induced increase in CGRP immunoreactivity in the spinal cord was decreased by RTX treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The present study demonstrated that a single intra-articular administration of RTX reduced pain behaviors for a relatively long time in an experimental model of OA and could normalize OA-associated changes in peptide expression in the spinal cord.

3.
Strahlenther Onkol ; 191(4): 321-9, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25339310

RESUMO

PURPOSE: We retrospectively compared the treatment outcomes of localized prostate cancer between radical prostatectomy (RP) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 738 patients with localized prostate cancer who underwent either RP (n = 549) or EBRT (n = 189) with curative intent at our institution between March 2001 and December 2011. Biochemical failure was defined as a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of ≥ 0.2 ng/ml in the RP group and the nadir of + ≥ 2 ng/ml in the EBRT group. RESULTS: The median (range) follow-up duration was 48.8 months (0.7-133.2 months) and 48.7 months (1.0-134.8 months) and the median age was 66 years (45-89 years) and 71 years (51-84 years; p < 0.001) in the RP and EBRT groups, respectively. Overall, 21, 42, and 36 % of patients in the RP group, and 15, 27, and 58 % of patients in the EBRT group were classified as low, intermediate, and high risk, respectively (p < 0.001). Androgen-deprivation therapy was more common in the EBRT group (59 vs. 27 %, respectively; p < 0.001). The 8-year biochemical failure-free survival rates were 44 and 72 % (p < 0.001) and the disease-specific survival rates were 98 % and 97 % (p = 0.543) in the RP and EBRT groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Although the EBRT group included more high-risk patients than did the RP group, the outcomes of EBRT were not inferior to those of RP. Our data suggest that EBRT is a viable alternative to RP for treating localized prostate cancer.


Assuntos
Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/prevenção & controle , Prostatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Próstata/terapia , Radioterapia Conformacional/métodos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
Korean J Physiol Pharmacol ; 19(2): 125-30, 2015 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25729274

RESUMO

Cholecystokinin is known to be involved in the modulation of nociception and to reduce the efficacy of morphine analgesia. This study investigated the effects of intrathecal administration of morphine and the cholecystokinin type B antagonist CI-988 on below-level neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury in rats. We also examined the interaction of morphine and CI-988 in the antinociceptive effect. Both morphine and CI-988 given individually increased the paw withdrawal threshold to mechanical stimulation in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of ineffective doses of intrathecally administered CI-988 and morphine produced significant analgesic effects and the combination of effective doses resulted in analgesic effects that were greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug. Thus, morphine showed a synergistic interaction with CI-988 for analgesia of central neuropathic pain.

5.
World J Mens Health ; 42(2): 347-362, 2024 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38449449

RESUMO

PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore the existing literature on frailty experienced by patients with prostate cancer (PC) receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Database and manual searches were conducted to identify relevant studies published in English, with no limitation on the year of publication, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. Four databases-PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and CINAHL-were used for database searches and reference lists, related journals, and Google Scholar were used for manual searches. RESULTS: A total of 12 studies were analyzed for this scoping review. Of these, only 2 were intervention studies, and 1 was a randomized controlled trial. Among the two intervention studies, the multidisciplinary intervention program, including psychological counseling, nutritional coaching, and supervised group physical exercise did not show significant improvement in frailty. In contrast, high-dose vitamin D supplementation significantly decreased frailty. The conceptual and operational definitions of frailty used in each study varied, and the most used one was mainly focused on physical functions. As a result of analyzing the other health-related variables associated with frailty in patients with PC receiving ADT, age, metastases, comorbidities, and incident falls were related to a high frailty level. As for the physiological index, high levels of C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6, and fibrinogen, low levels of total testosterone, lymphocyte count, and creatinine were associated with a high level of frailty. A few studies explored the relationship between psychological and cognitive variables and frailty. CONCLUSIONS: Further research related to frailty in patients with PC receiving ADT should be conducted, and effective interventions to manage frailty should be developed. Additionally, research that considers not only the physical domain of frailty but also the psychological, cognitive, and social domains needs to be conducted.

6.
Syst Rev ; 12(1): 230, 2023 12 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38093372

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Intravenous (IV) medication is commonly administered and closely associated with patient safety. Although nurses dedicate considerable time and effort to rate the control of IV medications, many medication errors have been linked to the wrong rate of IV medication. Further, there is a lack of comprehensive studies examining the literature on rate control of IV medications. This study aimed to identify the attributes of errors, facilitators, and barriers related to rate control of IV medications by summarizing and synthesizing the existing literature. METHODS: This scoping review was conducted using the framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley and PRISMA-ScR. Overall, four databases-PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and CINAHL-were employed to search for studies published in English before January 2023. We also manually searched reference lists, related journals, and Google Scholar. RESULTS: A total of 1211 studies were retrieved from the database searches and 23 studies were identified from manual searches, after which 22 studies were selected for the analysis. Among the nine project or experiment studies, two interventions were effective in decreasing errors related to rate control of IV medications. One of them was prospective, continuous incident reporting followed by prevention strategies, and the other encompassed six interventions to mitigate interruptions in medication verification and administration. Facilitators and barriers related to rate control of IV medications were classified as human, design, and system-related contributing factors. The sub-categories of human factors were classified as knowledge deficit, performance deficit, and incorrect dosage or infusion rate. The sub-category of design factor was device. The system-related contributing factors were classified as frequent interruptions and distractions, training, assignment or placement of healthcare providers (HCPs) or inexperienced personnel, policies and procedures, and communication systems between HCPs. CONCLUSIONS: Further research is needed to develop effective interventions to improve IV rate control. Considering the rapid growth of technology in medical settings, interventions and policy changes regarding education and the work environment are necessary. Additionally, each key group such as HCPs, healthcare administrators, and engineers specializing in IV medication infusion devices should perform its role and cooperate for appropriate IV rate control within a structured system.


Assuntos
Pessoal de Saúde , Erros de Medicação , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Pessoal de Saúde/educação , Erros de Medicação/prevenção & controle , Atenção à Saúde
7.
Int Neurourol J ; 27(1): 23-35, 2023 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37015722

RESUMO

Overactive bladder (OAB) is prevalent in men and women and negatively impacts physical and psychological health. Fluid and caffeine intake modifications, which are lifestyle modification interventions, are simple methods to manage OAB. However, studies that synthesized both interventions and found scientific evidence are scarce. This review aimed to synthesize scientific evidence on whether fluid and caffeine intake modifications are effective for OAB symptoms. PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, and RISS (Research Information Sharing Service) were used to search for studies and 8 studies were included. The Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 2.0) and ROBINS-I (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions) were used to assess the quality of selected studies. Due to the heterogeneous outcome variables, a meta-analysis was not conducted. Among the 8 included, 7 studies were randomized controlled trials and one was a quasi-experimental study. Four studies assessed urgency. Caffeine reduction was statistically effective for urgency symptoms, but increasing fluid intake was not. Frequency was assessed in 5 studies, which showed decreasing caffeine and fluid intake was effective in treating the symptoms. Urinary incontinence episodes were assessed in 6 studies, and nocturia in 2. Restricting caffeine intake was effective in treating these 2 symptoms, but restricting both caffeine and fluid intake was not. Quality of life (QoL) was examined in 5 studies, and modifying fluid and caffeine intake significantly improved QoL in 2. Although there were limited studies, our review provides scientific evidence that fluid and caffeine intake modification effectively manages OAB symptoms. Further research should examine acceptability and sustainability of interventions in the long-term and enable meta-analysis.

8.
Technol Health Care ; 31(3): 943-954, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36442161

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: An electric bed can easily change posture from a lying position and was effective in preventing pressure ulcer. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify the optimal posture for the prevention of pressure ulcers by analyzing pressure changes applied to the pelvic region. METHODS: Pressure changes resulting from lateral rotations of the body using an electronic adjustable bed and changes in the posture and angles of the trunk and knees were assessed. Twelve conditions with varying angles of the trunk and knees (15-35∘ in 5∘ increments) and varying lateral angles (20-35∘ in 5∘ increments) were tested. The pressure (maximum and average) and contact area in the pelvic region of 20 individuals without disabilities were calculated. RESULTS: The conditions in which the average and maximum pressures did not increase according to the increase in angle were 25∘ for the upper body and knee angles and 35∘ for the side. CONCLUSIONS: The body pressure changed according to the posture rather than according to physical characteristics. Lateral rotation combined with changes in the angles of the trunk and knees effectively prevented pressure ulcers. Changes in the posture at various angles prevented an increased pressure on the body.


Assuntos
Úlcera por Pressão , Humanos , Úlcera por Pressão/prevenção & controle , Postura , Articulação do Joelho , Pelve , Exame Físico , Fenômenos Biomecânicos
9.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem ; 76(3): 581-4, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22451404

RESUMO

Based on the broad-spectrum antiviral effect of green tea catechins, we established an experimental skin contact model for influenza virus transmission and evaluated the use of a green tea solution as a first-hand disinfectant. The infectivity of the virus on the skin cell layer became obsolete when washed with the green tea solution. The skin contact model could be applied to develop non-pharmaceutical intervention measures for reducing human transmission of the influenza virus.


Assuntos
Antivirais/farmacologia , Camellia sinensis/química , Desinfecção das Mãos/métodos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa/prevenção & controle , Cães , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/efeitos dos fármacos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/efeitos dos fármacos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H5N2/efeitos dos fármacos , Pele/virologia , Soluções
10.
PLoS One ; 17(11): e0274203, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36355917

RESUMO

We report a deep learning-based emotion recognition method using EEG data collected while applying cosmetic creams. Four creams with different textures were randomly applied, and they were divided into two classes, "like (positive)" and "dislike (negative)", according to the preference score given by the subject. We extracted frequency features using well-known frequency bands, i.e., alpha, beta and low and high gamma bands, and then we created a matrix including frequency and spatial information of the EEG data. We developed seven CNN-based models: (1) inception-like CNN with four-band merged input, (2) stacked CNN with four-band merged input, (3) stacked CNN with four-band parallel input, and stacked CNN with single-band input of (4) alpha, (5) beta, (6) low gamma, and (7) high gamma. The models were evaluated by the Leave-One-Subject-Out Cross-Validation method. In like/dislike two-class classification, the average accuracies of all subjects were 73.2%, 75.4%, 73.9%, 68.8%, 68.0%, 70.7%, and 69.7%, respectively. We found that the classification performance is higher when using multi-band features than when using single-band feature. This is the first study to apply a CNN-based deep learning method based on EEG data to evaluate preference for cosmetic creams.


Assuntos
Aprendizado Profundo , Eletroencefalografia , Humanos , Eletroencefalografia/métodos , Redes Neurais de Computação , Emoções , Projetos de Pesquisa
11.
Risk Manag Healthc Policy ; 15: 1783-1793, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36171867

RESUMO

Purpose: Medication administration is a complex process and constitutes a substantial component of nursing practice that is closely linked to patient safety. Although intravenous fluid administration is one of the most frequently performed nursing tasks, nurses' experiences with intravenous rate control have not been adequately studied. This study aimed to explore nurses' experiences with infusion nursing practice to identify insights that could be used in interventions to promote safe medication administration. Patients and methods: This qualitative descriptive study used focus group interviews of 20 registered nurses who frequently administered medications in tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Data were collected through five semi-structured focus group interviews, with four nurses participating in each interview. We conducted inductive and deductive content analysis based on the 11 key topics of patient safety identified by the World Health Organization. Reporting followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist. Results: Participants administered infusions in emergency rooms, general wards, and intensive care units, including patients ranging from children to older adults. Two central themes were revealed: human factors and systems. Human factors consisted of two sub-themes including individuals and team players, while systems encompassed three sub-themes including institutional policy, culture, and equipment. Conclusion: This study found that nurses experienced high levels of stress when administering infusions in the correct dose and rate for patient safety. Administering and monitoring infusions were complicated because nursing processes interplay with human and system factors. Future research is needed to develop nursing interventions that include human and system factors to promote patient safety by reducing infusion-related errors.

12.
Adv Mater ; 34(37): e2204760, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35905410

RESUMO

With recent advances in interactive displays, the development of a stand-alone interactive display with no electrical interconnection is of great interest. Here, a wireless stand-alone interactive display (WiSID), enabled by direct capacitive coupling, consisting of three layers: two in-plane metal electrodes separated by a gap, a composite layer for field-induced electroluminescence (EL) and inverse piezoelectric sound, and a stimuli-responsive layer, from bottom to top, is presented. Alternating current power necessary for field-induced EL and inverse piezoelectric sound is wirelessly transferred from a power unit, with two in-plane electrodes remotely separated from the WiSID. The unique in-plane power transfer through the stimuli-sensitive polar bridge allows stand-alone operation of the WiSID, making it suitable for the wireless dynamic monitoring of medical fluids. Moreover, a haptic wireless stand-alone trimodal interactive display mounted on a human finger is demonstrated, whereby touch is wirelessly displayed in various outputs of EL, inverse piezoelectric sound, and tactile vibration, making it suitable for a wireless three-mode smart braille display.

13.
ACS Nano ; 16(1): 1208-1219, 2022 Jan 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35020369

RESUMO

When we touch an object, thermosensation allows us to perceive not only the temperature but also wetness and types of materials with different thermophysical properties (i.e., thermal conductivity and heat capacity) of objects. Emulation of such sensory abilities is important in robots, wearables, and haptic interfaces, but it is challenging because they are not directly perceptible sensations but rather learned abilities via sensory experiences. Emulating the thermosensation of human skin, we introduce an artificial thermosensation based on an intelligent thermo-/calorimeter (TCM) that can objectively differentiate types of contact materials and solvents with different thermophysical properties. We demonstrate a TCM based on pyroresistive composites with ultrahigh sensitivity (11.2% °C-1) and high accuracy (<0.1 °C) by precisely controlling the melt-induced volume expansion of a semicrystalline polymer, as well as the negative temperature coefficient of reduced graphene oxide. In addition, the ultrathin TCM with coplanar electrode design shows deformation-insensitive temperature sensing, facilitating wearable skin temperature monitoring with accuracy higher than a commercial thermometer. Moreover, the TCM with a high pyroresistivity can objectively differentiate types of contact materials and solvents with different thermophysical properties. In a proof-of-principle application, our intelligent TCM, coupled with a machine-learning algorithm, enables objective evaluation of the thermal attributes (coolness and wetness) of skincare products.


Assuntos
Grafite , Humanos , Grafite/química , Solventes , Temperatura Cutânea , Tato , Pele
14.
Neurol Res ; 41(10): 883-892, 2019 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31203746

RESUMO

Objectives: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) control wound healing processes in damaged tissues. PPAR agonists have neuroprotective effects in spinal cord injury (SCI); however, isotype-specific roles of PPARs are not well understood. Therefore, we evaluated protein expression changes for three isotypes of PPARs at different time points and locations relative to the epicenter after SCI in rats. Methods: A 10-g rod was dropped on the spinal cord which located at the T10 vertebra of rats from a height of 6.25, 12.5, or 50 mm using New York University impactor. We collected the spinal cord at 6, 12, 24, and 72 h and 1, 3, and 5 weeks after SCI. The protein expression of PPARs was analyzed using western blot. Results: The protein expression of PPAR-α declined gradually up to 5 weeks at the epicenter. PPAR-ß/δ expression increased from 3 days to 5 weeks at the caudal region, but decreased at the epicenter in the severe injury group. PPAR-γ expression increased significantly at all regions in all three injury groups up to 5 weeks after SCI and increased to a greater extent in the severe injury group. In addition, PPAR-ß/δ controlled protein expression of PPAR-α positively, and -γ negatively. Conclusions: The present results suggest that different PPAR isotypes have varied protein expression patterns at the epicenter and in adjacent regions after SCI. Our results suggest that PPARs may have overlapping but distinct roles. These findings will be useful for further studies investigating PPARs in neurological disorders including SCI.


Assuntos
Receptores Ativados por Proliferador de Peroxissomo/metabolismo , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley
15.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem ; 71(12): 2999-3006, 2007 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18071271

RESUMO

This study was designed to determine whether dietary epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant catechin polyphenol in green tea, can protect the liver from cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)-dependent alcoholic liver damage. Compared with an ethanol group, when EGCG was present in the ethanol diet, the formation of a fatty liver was significantly reduced and the serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were much lower. Ethanol treatment significantly elevated hepatic CYP2E1 expression while simultaneously reducing hepatic phospho-acetyl CoA carboxylase (p-ACC) and carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1 (CPT-1) levels. While EGCG markedly reversed the effect of ethanol on hepatic p-ACC and CPT-1 levels, it had no effect on the ethanol-induced elevation in CYP2E1 expression. EGCG prevents ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity and inhibits the development of a fatty liver. These effects were associated with improvements in p-ACC and CPT-1 levels. The use of EGCG might be useful in treating patients with an alcoholic fatty liver.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Catequina/análogos & derivados , Citocromo P-450 CYP2E1/metabolismo , Fígado Gorduroso Alcoólico/tratamento farmacológico , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Acetil-CoA Carboxilase/metabolismo , Animais , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Aspartato Aminotransferases/metabolismo , Carnitina O-Palmitoiltransferase/metabolismo , Catequina/farmacologia , Catequina/uso terapêutico , Ativação Enzimática , Fígado Gorduroso Alcoólico/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar
16.
J Oral Sci ; 59(4): 469-474, 2017 Dec 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29151457

RESUMO

This study evaluated the anatomical profile of the mesial root canals of the Burmese mandibular first molar with Vertucci's type IV canal configuration (VT4) using microcomputed tomography analysis. Seventy-five mesial roots of extracted mandibular first molars were scanned and evaluated. Fourteen middle mesial canals (MMCs) were observed in the specimens; each specimen had an average of 1.63 lateral canals and 3.77 apical foramina. The lateral canals arising from the mesiobuccal canal, mesiolingual canal, MMC, and isthmus terminated at an average distance of 0.92, 0.73, 2.11, and 1.89 mm, respectively, from the apex. The mean distance between the centers of the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals at 1.5 mm coronal to the furcation was 2.60 mm. A higher incidence of isthmus was observed in the apical 2-6-mm region compared with the apical 0-2-mm region (P < 0.05). The incidence of lateral canals in the isthmus was similar to that of the mesiobuccal and mesiolingual canals (P > 0.05). This study shows that the mesial root of the Burmese mandibular first molar with VT4 has complex anatomical profiles comprising MMCs and isthmus and their lateral canals.


Assuntos
Cavidade Pulpar/anatomia & histologia , Dente Molar/anatomia & histologia , Raiz Dentária/anatomia & histologia , Cavidade Pulpar/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Mianmar , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Microtomografia por Raio-X/métodos
17.
Tissue Eng Regen Med ; 14(1): 57-64, 2017 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30603462

RESUMO

This study investigated the therapeutic effects of low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) on the recovery of motor function and its underlying mechanisms in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). The spinal cord was contused at the T11 level using a New York University impactor. Thirty-eight rats were randomly divided into four groups: LLLI with 0.08 J, 0.4 J, 0.8 J, and sham. We transcutaneously applied at the lesion site of the spinal contusive rats 5 min after injury and then daily for 21 days. The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor scale and combined behavioral score (CBS) were used to evaluate motor function. The spinal segments of rostral and caudal from the lesion site, the epicenter, and L4-5 were collected from normal and the all groups at 7 days after SCI. The expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was compared across groups in all regions. In the present study, LLLI with 0.4 J and 0.8 J led to a significant improvement in motor function compared to sham LLLI, which significantly decreased TNF-α expression at the lesion epicenter and reduced iNOS expression in the caudal segment for all LLLI groups and in the L4-5 segments for the 0.4 J and 0.8 J groups when compared to sham LLLI group. Our results demonstrate that transcutaneous LLLI modulate inflammatory mediators to enhance motor function recovery after SCI. Thus, LLLI in acute phase after SCI might have therapeutic potential for neuroprotection and restoration of motor function following SCI.

18.
Restor Dent Endod ; 41(3): 182-8, 2016 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27508159

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the proximity of the mandibular molar apex to the buccal bone surface in order to provide anatomic information for apical surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 127 mandibular first molars and 153 mandibular second molars were analyzed from 160 patients' records. The distance was measured from the buccal bone surface to the root apex and the apical 3.0 mm on the cross-sectional view of CBCT. RESULTS: The second molar apex and apical 3 mm were located significantly deeper relative to the buccal bone surface compared with the first molar (p < 0.01). For the mandibular second molars, the distance from the buccal bone surface to the root apex was significantly shorter in patients over 70 years of age (p < 0.05). Furthermore, this distance was significantly shorter when the first molar was missing compared to nonmissing cases (p < 0.05). For the mandibular first molars, the distance to the distal root apex of one distal-rooted tooth was significantly greater than the distance to the disto-buccal root apex (p < 0.01). In mandibular second molar, the distance to the apex of C-shaped roots was significantly greater than the distance to the mesial root apex of non-C-shaped roots (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: For apical surgery in mandibular molars, the distance from the buccal bone surface to the apex and apical 3 mm is significantly affected by the location, patient age, an adjacent missing anterior tooth, and root configuration.

19.
Restor Dent Endod ; 41(3): 210-7, 2016 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27508163

RESUMO

Exposing sound structure of a subgingivally fractured tooth using orthodontic extrusion is considered to be a conservative way to re-establish biologic width without sacrificing esthetics or jeopardizing periodontal support of neighboring teeth. When a misaligned tooth is traumatically involved, a more comprehensive approach combining tooth extrusion and re-alignment may be necessary for a successful restorative outcome. This case report describes a successful esthetic management of a patient with complicated crown-root fracture on the maxillary right central incisor and pre-existing malocclusion in the maxillary anterior region. Forced eruption along with re-alignment of teeth by orthodontic movement seems to allow re-positioning of the fracture line to a favorable position and correction of crowding, providing a better esthetic result.

20.
Mutat Res ; 579(1-2): 214-24, 2005 Nov 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16095631

RESUMO

There are multiple lines of compelling evidence from epidemiologic and laboratory studies supporting that frequent consumption of green tea is inversely associated with the risk of chronic human diseases including cancer. The chemopreventive and chemoprotective effects of green tea have been largely attributed to antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of its polyphenolic constituents, such as epigallocatechin gallate. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of green tea polyphenols in protecting against alcohol-induced gastric damage and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Intragastric administration of ethanol to male Sprague-Dawley rats caused significant gastric mucosal damage, which was accompanied by elevated expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as well as transient activation of redox-sensitive transcription factors, such as NF-kappaB and AP-1, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Oral administration of the green tea polyphenolic extract (GTE) significantly ameliorated mucosal damages induced by ethanol and also attenuated the ethanol-induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS. Inactivation of MAPKs, especially p38 and ERKl/2, by GTE might be responsible for inhibition of ethanol-induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS.


Assuntos
Etanol/efeitos adversos , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Mucosa Gástrica/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenóis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Fatores de Transcrição/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Ciclo-Oxigenase 1/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciclo-Oxigenase 1/metabolismo , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/metabolismo , Mucosa Gástrica/metabolismo , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Gastrite/induzido quimicamente , Gastrite/patologia , Gastrite/prevenção & controle , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP70/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP70/metabolismo , Masculino , Proteínas de Membrana/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , NF-kappa B/efeitos dos fármacos , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/efeitos dos fármacos , Óxido Nítrico Sintase Tipo II/metabolismo , Polifenóis , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Estresse Fisiológico , Chá , Fator de Transcrição AP-1/efeitos dos fármacos , Fator de Transcrição AP-1/metabolismo
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