Regeneration of red bone marrow in rat lower jaw after transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells into the site of injury.

Regeneration processes in rat mandibular bone after transplantation of a suspension of autologous BM MSC in culture medium were studied by methods of light microscopy and X-ray densitometry. It was found that the structures of red BM in the callus after transplantation of autologous BM MSC formed earlier than in natural reparation. The formation of cavities containing BM determines lower tissue density at the site of injury after transplantation of autologous BM MSC on weeks 4 and 5 of observation than during spontaneous healing. These changes progressed throughout the observation period and attested to accelerated bone tissue reparation.

[The effect of autologous mesenchymal stem cells of bone marrow origin on regeneration of damaged rat bottom jaw bone].

The regeneration processes after introduction in site of damaged bone of rat bottom jaw of autologous mesenchymal stem cells of bone marrow origin (AMSCBMO) in suspension were studied by methods of light microscopy and x-ray densitometry. Morphological methods showed that formation of red bone marrow in bone callosity occurs much earlier after use AMSCBMO than in the time of natural course of reparation. Formation of cavities with a marrow decreases tissue density after application AMSCBMO in a site of damage in 4 and 5 weeks of supervision. The specified changes progress during all time of observation and are the certificate of accelerated development of regenerative processes in bone tissue.

Peculiarities of using stem cells for regeneration of the bone and cartilage tissue.

Scientific literature about the use of MSC contains clinical and experimental data on the efficiency of cell technologies for restoration of the osteoarticular apparatus. The use of MSC immobilized in the appropriate carriers and differentiation of these cells towards the bone cells and chondrocytes are of crucial importance. However, the use of MSC, both individual and in combination with other preparations and substances has a number of drawbacks and advantages. The absence of published reports on contraindications and complications of cell therapy is worthy of note, because the analysis of unsuccessful application of MSC will help to determine the indication for this treatment, and hence, to improve the efficiency of cell technologies in the future. Wider use of MSC in clinical practice and experimental studies for acceleration of reparative processes in the bone and cartilage tissue seems to be promising.

[Regeneration of the damaged mandibular bone in rat after the injection of autologous mesenchymal stem cells of bone marrow origin adsorbed on the fibrin clot].

The processes of the repair of the damaged mandibular bone in rats were studied using light microscopy and x-ray densitometry at various time intervals after the local injection of the platelet-rich fibrin clot (PRFC), autologous mesenchymal (stromal) stem cells of bone marrow origin (AMSCBMO) or AMSCBMO, adsorbed on PRFC, into the damaged site. The best results were obtained after the application of PRFC with AMSCBMO. One week after the operation, the mandibular bone defect was largely filled with the newly formed bone tissue. It seems most probable that in this case the effects of fibrin and stem cells on the damaged bone were summarized or even amplified. Bone formation in these cases appeared to begin in the center, but not at the edges, of the defect. AMSCBMO were distributed over the whole volume of PRFC, filling all the defect more or less uniformly. As a result, maximally fast and successful restoration of bone tissue was reached in the area of the defect.

[Results of fibrin clot application for acceleration of regeneration of the damaged mandible in experiment].

The processes of regeneration of the damaged rat bottom jaw bone after application of enriched thrombocytes a fibrin clot were studied by morphological and radiovisiographic methods. At a natural course of regeneration the artificial aperture of bone was filled with blood and there the blood clot was formed. After 1 week the separate bone islets of a young tissue occurred in bone defect. In 2-3 weeks the aperture in a bottom jaw bone was completely closed by a young bone tissue. After operation with filling of bone bottom jaw defect by fibrin clot there was no formation of a blood clot. Already after 1 week the bone tissue defect was filled by the merged islets of again generated bone. By second week after fibrin use the further formation of bone tissue in defect and formation of a bone callosity was noted.

[Cellular technologies in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery].

Recent clinical and experimental researches on application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery showed the efficiency of cellular technologies for acceleration of tissue regeneration and implants integration. However use of MSC solely and in combination with other substances has its advantages and disadvantages. There is lack of scientific data on contraindications and complications of cellular therapy whereas the analysis of failures of MSC application will allow accurately define indications and raise the efficiency of cellular technologies. There is a strong need for further clinical and experimental studies on MSC application for bone tissue regeneration.

[Submandibular lymph nodes of rats with arterial hypertension after mandible bone damage].

The structure of submandibular lymph nodes (LN) from rats with arterial hypertension (AH) and normal pressure after mandible damage was investigated by methods of light microscopy. It was revealed that in submandibular LN of both compared groups of animals after induction of inflammatory reaction cortical field was extended, bulk density of lymphoid nodules without reproductive centres was increased, in nodules with centres mantle was extended and germinative centres were decreased. In all structures of LN the numbers of mitosis, imrnuno - and plasmoblasts were increased, the contents of reticular cells and macrophages were increased only to 4-5 week. In structure of LN from rats with normal arterial pressure and with AH the volume of sinus system statistically significantly differed: animals with AH had more volume of sinuses on all points of observation. Inflammation in the conditions of AH the distinction in cellular content of various zones of LN were connected with occurrence or higher number of erythrocytes.

[Formation of plasma cell infiltrates in gingiva of patients with chronic apical periodontitis].

The structure of leukocyte infiltrates in gingiva of 80 patients of various ages and gender with chronic apical periodontitis was studied using light microscopy with the application of monoclonal antibodies detecting CD38 antigen. Gingival tissues of practically of all the patients with periodontitis contained 2 types of leukocyte infiltrates: infiltrates with the low plasma cell content and high numbers of neutrophils and structures with high number of plasmocytes and low concentration of neutrophilic granulocytes. Within the gingival epithelium in patients with chronic apical periodontitis CD38 + cells were absent. The histogenesis of gingival leukocyte infiltrates in chronic apical periodontitis is discussed with the special emphasis on the role of plasma cells in the development of the pathological process.

[Adjusting gingival tissues morphology after dental implantation with fibrin use].

In gingival tissues of 62 patients after dental implantation of traditional type and with the use of thrombocyte rich fibrin preparation (TRFP) microcirculation and leucocytal infiltration were studied. It was disclosed that in all terms after titanium screw dental implant setting lymphostasis and leucocytal infiltration were seen as signs of active inflammatory process in gingival tissues. 3 months later after implants setting with the use of TRFP the lymphatic vessels status was normalized, the degree of leucocytal infiltration was reduced; when implantation was made without use of fibrin technologies in gingival tissues more leucocytes were found and lymphatic bed components were remained dilated. Besides fibrin preparation use in the process of dental implantation promoted quicker and stronger implant fixation, but granulomatous inflammatory process could develop and amount of eosinophils in gingival tissues could also increased.

[Gingival tissues age- and gender-specific peculiarities in healthy conditions and in cases of chronic apical periodontitis].

By light microscopy there was studied gingival tissues structure depending upon age and gender in 96 relatively healthy persons and 80 patients with chronic apical periodontitis. It was disclosed that in gingival mucosa of patients with chronic apical periodontitis the interstitial space volumetric density and numerical density of tissue leucocytes increased in the first place due to neutrophils. Between the healthy men and women there was no significant difference in structural organization of the gum as well as between the patients of different gender. The only sign was that in healthy men and women with age progressing only lymphatic vessels area decreased on gingival mucosa microscopic section. In patients with chronic apical periodontitis both blood and lymphatic vessels were involved through decrease of relative capillary density.

[Periodontal tissues status after treatment of chronic periodontitis with consideration of gender and age].

Radiovisiographic study of periodontal tissues changes in different periods after the therapy of destructive chronic periodontitis have disclosed that jaw alveolar process bone density and the size of the destruction focus after 6 months, 1 and 2 years after the treatment were not significantly changed (134 patients sample of different gender and age). When this sample was subdivided into groups depending upon gender and age some significant changes of some parameters were found. The most expressed were the changes of the size of the periodontal destruction focus in the patients of 40-49 years of age, less pronounced they were in patients of 18-29 age group; in the age group 30-39 years changes were not found, In men of 18-29 age group regenerative processes in periodontal tissues were more expressed than in women. In patients of female sex of the age group 30-39 years were found more expressed changes. In older age group in patients of both genders the changes were approximately equal. The bone density around periodontium after treatment in men of the age group 18-29 years was restored more intensive than in 40-49-year-old patients. In females age dependent changes in the studied tissues status were not found.

[Characteristics of left lung resection for advanced cancer]. / Osobennosti rezektsii levogo legkogo po povodu raka v daleko zashedshei stadii zabolevaniia.

Due to the difficulties involved in establishing an early diagnosis, advanced cases make up about 70% of lung cancer patients admitted to specialized surgical wards. According to more than 30 year-old experience gained at the Academy's Hospital Surgical Clinic and evaluation of the end results of extensive and combined resection of the lung for the treatment of cancer, over 26% of cases operated on at the advanced stages of the disease survive for more than 5 years. Special surgical procedures should be carried out in such cases.

[Postoperative irradiation in the combined treatment of lung cancer patients]. / Posleoperatsionnoe obluchenie v kombinirovannom lechenii bol'nykh rakom legkogo.

The end results of surgical and combination therapy of lung cancer are compared on the basis of rates of survival for 5 years and longer. Extended resection of lung including the removal of lymph nodes and mediastinal fat tissue was performed in all cases. Such megavolt radiation sources as Lootch, Rokus, Lu-4, 3 Mev were used in postoperative radiation treatment. No significant differences in the end results of the two schemes of treatment were found in cases of stage I-II tumors. Survival for 5 years and longer were registered in 30.2% of patients with stage III tumor after combination therapy and 25.9% of patients treated by surgery alone. Surgical treatment of extensive stage III tumor should be followed by radiation.

[Surgical treatment potentials in far-advanced forms of lung cancer]. / Vozmozhnosti operativnogo lecheniia daleko zashedshikh form raka legkogo.

Until recently the overwhelming number of patients with lung carcinoma admitted for surgical treatment have metasticized forms (stage III) of lung carcinoma. The tumorous process is spread beyond the limits of the injured lung: metastases grow into lymphatic nodes of the mediastinum or into the neighbouring organs and structures of the thoracic cavity. The surgical treatment of such patients is an urgent problem and presents great difficulties. Specific methods for the surgical treatment of patients with stage III lung carcinoma suggest that such operations should be performed in specialized hospitals.

[Total-body rheography in surgical diseases of the chest organs]. / Integral'naia reografiia tela pri khirurgicheskikh zabolevaniiakh organov grudi.

The method of integral rheography of the body allows to make quantitative and qualitative assessments of the cardiac activity, blood circulation level, systemic arterial tone, the degree of strain of the ventilatory function, volume of the extracellular fluid and some other parameters characteristic of the patient's state as a whole on the basis of a one-channel registration. The method of integral rheography of the body may be taken as a basis for the development of effective systems of the operative medical control of the state of critical patients and those operated upon as well as systems of mass examinations of the population.

[Integral rheography of the body as a method of evaluation of the circulatory system in surgical diseases]. / Integral'naia reografiia tela kak metod otsenki sostoianiia sistemy krovoobrashcheniia pri khirurgicheskikh zabolevaniiakh.

Surgical diseases are not infrequently responsible for severe operations when the choice between its endurability and poor effects of the conservative treatment speaks in the favour of surgery. The method of integral body rheography when allows the main hemodynamic indices to be reliably assessed as frequently as it is necessary and under any conditions, gives differentiated and quantitative characteristics of the degree and dynamics of heart failure and circulatory insufficiency. It makes the method valuable as an instrument of surgical control good for a wide clinical application.

[Immunological reaction to 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid in the diagnosis of lung cancer]. / Immunologicheskaia reaktsiia na 3-oksiantranilovuiu kislotu v diagnostike raka legkogo.

Two hundred patients with carcinoma of lungs, 56 patients with chronic pneumonia and 142 donors were investigated to reveal the presence of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid antigen in their blood serum. The antigen was found to equal 91,5%, 25% and 1,4% respectively. The pronounced tendency to decrease the response to 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid antigen and to increase the titres of isohemagglutinins was observed in radically operated patients. The opposite tendency was found to develop in incurable patients.