RESUMO
The article is about the characteristics of the morphofunctional state of the upper gastrointestinal tract (UGIT) in children with obesity. Under supervision there were 130 children aged 10-16 years: study group--80 children with obesity (42 boys and 38 girls) (SDS BMI 2.0), the comparison group--50 children with normal body weight (32 boys and 18 girls) (SDS BMI from -0.99 to +0.99) with different disease UGIT. It is established that in children of the study group has a higher frequency of isolated motor-evacuation disorders (6.3% and 2.0%), and combinations inflammatory and functional disorders of UGIT (48.8% and 38.0%) compared with the comparison group. It is shown that functional changes UGIT in children with obesity are characterized by high frequency motor disorders, signs moderately expressed active chronic gastritis associated with H. pylori (58.3%), occurring against the background of minimal clinical symptoms, with a prevalence of focal nature of the inflammatory process on common.
Assuntos
Índice de Massa Corporal , Gastrite , Infecções por Helicobacter , Helicobacter pylori , Obesidade , Adolescente , Criança , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Gastrite/patologia , Gastrite/fisiopatologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/patologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Inflamação/patologia , Inflamação/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Obesidade/patologia , Obesidade/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze 60 cases of solid pseudopapillary tumors (SPTs) of the pancreas, to reveal their most characteristic clinical and morphological features, and to study their possible histogenesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty cases of SPTs of the pancreas underwent clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical (IHC) examinations; a comparison group consisted of 86 pancreatic tumors of other histogenesis. RESULTS: It has been shown for the first time that SPTs are characterized by the nuclear expression of claudin 3 and the cytoplasmic expression of claudin 7. It has been also ascertained that the aberrant perinuclear (dot-like) expression of CD99 is a unique feature of these tumors. CONCLUSION: SPTs of the pancreas are distinguished by a diversity of clinical manifestations and morphological features, but have a unique immunophenotype, which can differentiate them from other types of pancreatic tumors.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/biossíntese , Carcinoma Papilar/genética , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/genética , Patologia Molecular , Antígeno 12E7 , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Antígenos CD/biossíntese , Carcinoma Papilar/patologia , Moléculas de Adesão Celular/biossíntese , Criança , Claudina-3/biossíntese , Claudinas/biossíntese , Feminino , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patologiaRESUMO
Mucins and glycoprotein CD10 expression in 55 carcinomas of the stomach has been studied by immunohistochemistry. According to a profile of mucins and CD10 expression, 3 immunophenotypic variants of carcinoma were founded: gastric, intestinal and gastro-intestinal. Gastric and gastro-intestinal variants were more frequently than intestinal one. The correlation between the expression of investigated markers and histological type of carcinoma wasn't revealed The estimation of Ki-67 index has shown that the highest proliferative activity (>20%) in carcinomas with gastric phenotype has been found more often than in gastro-intestinal ones.
Assuntos
Carcinoma/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Antígeno Ki-67/biossíntese , Mucinas/biossíntese , Proteínas de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Neprilisina/biossíntese , Neoplasias Gástricas/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma/imunologia , Carcinoma/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Antígeno Ki-67/imunologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucinas/imunologia , Proteínas de Neoplasias/imunologia , Neprilisina/imunologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/classificação , Neoplasias Gástricas/imunologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologiaRESUMO
Expression of MUC-1 and MUC-2 was investigated with immunohistochemical staining (PAP-method) in 5 cases of adenomas and in 60 cases of colorectal adenocarcinomas. The expression of MUC-1 and MUC-2 can be useful for diagnosis and prognosis in patients with colorectal carcinoma.
Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma , Antígenos de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Neoplasias do Colo , Mucosa Intestinal , Mucinas/biossíntese , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Neoplasias do Colo/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Colo/metabolismo , Neoplasias do Colo/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Mucosa Intestinal/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucina-1 , Mucina-2 , PrognósticoRESUMO
Gliomas are the most common tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). Malignant astrocytic gliomas account for 50% of all primary brain tumors. Cells of origin are unknown for the majority of brain tumors: CNS tumors have frequently in their content many histological forms and their classification will depend on what the parts of neoplasm that will be clearly identified at the material taking and further investigation. Current immunohistochemical studies may determine the antigenic structure of a tumor cell, compare it with the antigens expressed by a certain cell type and, thus, classify the tumor by its origin, but there are no antibodies which would correctly identify different types of tumors. The lecture reflects the current classifications of glial tumors: the typical three-leveled classification, the Kernokhan classification, the Duma-Duport classification. A part of the lecture deals with the specific features of genetics and molecular biology of gliomas: recent studies cast any doubt on the existing data on the sources of growth of these tumors.
Assuntos
Astrocitoma/metabolismo , Astrocitoma/patologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/classificação , Neoplasias Encefálicas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Antígenos de Neoplasias/biossíntese , Antígenos de Neoplasias/genética , Antígenos de Neoplasias/imunologia , Astrocitoma/genética , Astrocitoma/imunologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/imunologia , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/genética , HumanosRESUMO
Glioblastoma growth is a genetically regulated process. Loss or inactivation of genes - tumor suppressors may give rise to tumors and their progression. Glioblastoma multiforme is followed by a number of genetic breakages. Expression of a number of genes may affect the prognosis of the disease and tumor sensitivity to chemotherapy. Comprehensive studies of glioblastomas showed that there were at least two immunologic phenotypes: 1) that with a picture of pronounced immunodeficiency and 2) that without obvious immunodeficiency. This should be considered when elaborating present-day programs of geno- and immunodiagnosis, as well as clinicoimmunological criteria for the treatment of these tumors.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Glioblastoma , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/imunologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Glioblastoma/diagnóstico , Glioblastoma/genética , Glioblastoma/imunologia , Glioblastoma/patologia , Humanos , Imunogenética , Testes Imunológicos , Microglia/imunologia , Microglia/patologiaRESUMO
Primary liver tumors, including 7 low-grade hepatocellular carcinomas (HC), 12 average-grade HC (including 2 mixed tumors and 2 cholangiocellular carcinomas (ChC)), obtained from 23 patients, were histologically, immunohistochemically, and electron microscopically. Certain markers were immunohistochemically studied to identify HC and ChC and differentiate liver carcinoma from metastatic tumors of the same organ.
Assuntos
Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/ultraestrutura , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica/métodos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão/métodosRESUMO
E-kadherin, MUC2 and Ki67 expression was studied in colon adenocarcinomas of various differentiation. A direct relationship was detected between characteristics of expression of E-kadherin, MUC2 and the degree of differentiation as well as metastatic potential of the tumours.