RESUMO
Intracranial pial Arteriovenous Fistulas (AVFs) are rare cerebral vascular lesions composed of one or more arterial connections to a single venous channel. We report a 50-year-old patient with a ruptured pial AVF located in an eloquent area. Microsurgery for pial AVF occlusion was proposed with awake craniotomy for motor function and neurological evaluation. Awake craniotomy is a technique that is especially useful for cerebral vascular lesions in eloquent areas, where an occlusion often compromises or suppresses the blood supply, culminating in ischemia with consequent transient or definitive deficits in neurological function.
RESUMO
The anesthesia for awake craniotomy (AC) is a consecrated anesthetic technique that has been perfected over the years. Initially used to map epileptic foci, it later became the standard technique for the removal of glial neoplasms in eloquent brain areas. We present an AC anesthesia technique consisting of three primordial times, called awake-asleep-awake, and their respective particularities, as well as delve into the anesthetic medications used. Its use in patients with low and high-grade gliomas was favorable for the resection of tumors within the functional boundaries of patients, with shorter hospital stay and lower direct costs. The present study aims to systematize the technique based on the experience of the largest philanthropic hospital in Latin America and discusses the most relevant aspects that have consolidated this technique as the most appropriate in the surgery of gliomas in eloquent areas.
Assuntos
Anestesia , Neoplasias Encefálicas , Glioma , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirurgia , Craniotomia , Glioma/cirurgia , Humanos , VigíliaRESUMO
Abstract Intracranial pial Arteriovenous Fistulas (AVFs) are rare cerebral vascular lesions composed of one or more arterial connections to a single venous channel. We report a 50-year-old patient with a ruptured pial AVF located in an eloquent area. Microsurgery for pial AVF occlusion was proposed with awake craniotomy for motor function and neurological evaluation. Awake craniotomy is a technique that is especially useful for cerebral vascular lesions in eloquent areas, where an occlusion often compromises or suppresses the blood supply, culminating in ischemia with consequent transient or definitive deficits in neurological function.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT The anesthesia for awake craniotomy (AC) is a consecrated anesthetic technique that has been perfected over the years. Initially used to map epileptic foci, it later became the standard technique for the removal of glial neoplasms in eloquent brain areas. We present an AC anesthesia technique consisting of three primordial times, called awake-asleep-awake, and their respective particularities, as well as delve into the anesthetic medications used. Its use in patients with low and high-grade gliomas was favorable for the resection of tumors within the functional boundaries of patients, with shorter hospital stay and lower direct costs. The present study aims to systematize the technique based on the experience of the largest philanthropic hospital in Latin America and discusses the most relevant aspects that have consolidated this technique as the most appropriate in the surgery of gliomas in eloquent areas.
RESUMO A anestesia para craniotomia em paciente acordado (CPA ou awake craniotomy) é técnica anestésica consagrada e aperfeiçoada ao longo dos últimos anos. Utilizada inicialmente para mapeamento de focos epilépticos, consolidou-se posteriormente como técnica padrão para a remoção de neoplasias de origem glial em áreas eloquentes cerebrais. A técnica de anestesia CPA apresentada constitui-se em três tempos primordiais denominados acordado-dormindo-acordado (asleep-awake-asleep) e respectivas particularidades, assim como o manejo quanto às medicações anestésicas utilizadas de forma pormenorizada. A utilização em gliomas de baixo e de alto grau se demonstrou favorável para a ressecção de tumores dentro dos limites funcionais dos pacientes, com menor tempo de internação hospitalar e de custos diretos. O presente estudo visa realizar a sistematização da técnica baseada na experiência do maior Hospital Filantrópico da América Latina e discute os aspectos mais relevantes que consolidaram essa técnica como a mais adequada na cirurgia dos gliomas em áreas eloquentes.