Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 10 de 10
Filtrar
1.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother ; 60(8): 5088-91, 2016 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27297480

RESUMO

In vitro susceptibility of 933 Candida isolates, from 16 French hospitals, to micafungin was determined using the Etest in each center. All isolates were then sent to a single center for determination of MICs by the EUCAST reference method. Overall essential agreement between the two tests was 98.5% at ±2 log2 dilutions and 90.2% at ±1 log2 dilutions. Categorical agreement was 98.2%. The Etest is a valuable alternative to EUCAST for the routine determination of micafungin MICs in medical mycology laboratories.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Equinocandinas/farmacologia , Lipopeptídeos/farmacologia , Candida/genética , Farmacorresistência Fúngica/genética , Micafungina , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana
2.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis ; 35(1): 137-48, 2016 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26610340

RESUMO

Cryptosporidiosis is an important though underreported public health concern. Molecular tools might be helpful in improving its diagnosis. In this study, ZR Fecal DNA MiniPrep™ Kit (ZR) and NucliSens® easyMAG® (EM) were compared using four Cryptosporidium-seeded feces and 29 Cryptosporidium-positive stools. Thereafter, ZR was selected for prospective evaluation of Cryptosporidium detection by 18S rDNA and LAXER quantitative PCR (qPCR) in 69 stools from 56 patients after Cryptosporidium detection by glycerin, modified Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) and auramine-phenol (AP) stainings. The combination of any of the two extraction methods with 18S qPCR yielded adequate detection of Cryptosporidium in seeded stools, but the ZR kit showed the best performance. All 29 Cryptosporidium-positive samples were positive with 18S qPCR, after both ZR and EM extraction. However, false-negative results were found with LAXER qPCR or nested PCR. Cryptosporidiosis was diagnosed in 7/56 patients. All the microscopic methods enabled the initial diagnosis, but Cryptosporidium was detected in 12, 13, and 14 samples from these seven patients after glycerin, ZN, and AP staining respectively. Among these samples, 14 and 12 were positive with 18S and LAXER qPCR respectively. In two patients, Cryptosporidium DNA loads were found to be correlated with clinical evolution. Although little known, glycerin is a sensitive method for the initial detection of Cryptosporidium. When combined with 18S qPCR, ZR extraction, which had not been evaluated so far for Cryptosporidium, was an accurate tool for detecting Cryptosporidium and estimating the oocyst shedding in the course of infection.


Assuntos
Criptosporidiose/diagnóstico , Cryptosporidium/isolamento & purificação , Microscopia/métodos , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , DNA de Protozoário/genética , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Reações Falso-Negativas , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , RNA Ribossômico 18S/genética , Coloração e Rotulagem/métodos
3.
J Mycol Med ; 30(2): 100970, 2020 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32334948

RESUMO

A survey of mycology laboratories for antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) was undertaken in France in 2018, to better understand the difference in practices between the participating centers and to identify the difficulties they may encounter as well as eventual gaps with published standards and guidelines. The survey captured information from 45 mycology laboratories in France on how they perform AFST (number of strains tested, preferred method, technical and quality aspects, interpretation of the MIC values, reading and interpretation difficulties). Results indicated that 86% of respondents used Etest as AFST method, with a combination of one to seven antifungal agents tested. Most of the participating laboratories used similar technical parameters to perform their AFST method and a large majority used, as recommended, internal and external quality assessments. Almost all the participating mycology laboratories (98%) reported difficulties to interpret the MIC values, especially when no clinical breakpoints are available. The survey highlighted that the current AFST practices in France need homogenization, particularly for MIC reading and interpretation.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Laboratórios , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Micologia , Prática Profissional/estatística & dados numéricos , Testes de Sensibilidade a Antimicrobianos por Disco-Difusão/métodos , Testes de Sensibilidade a Antimicrobianos por Disco-Difusão/normas , Testes de Sensibilidade a Antimicrobianos por Disco-Difusão/estatística & dados numéricos , Farmacorresistência Fúngica , França , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Laboratórios/normas , Laboratórios/estatística & dados numéricos , Ensaio de Proficiência Laboratorial/métodos , Ensaio de Proficiência Laboratorial/estatística & dados numéricos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/métodos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/normas , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/estatística & dados numéricos , Micologia/história , Micologia/métodos , Micologia/normas , Micologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Prática Profissional/normas , Controle de Qualidade , Inquéritos e Questionários
4.
J Mycol Med ; 28(2): 396-398, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29673769

RESUMO

Fungal otitis (otomycosis) is a common infection encountered by otolaryngologists. Nevertheless, its management can be challenging because of its high recurrence rate and of the limited therapeutic options. A 45-year-old woman suffered from recurrent otomycosis. The ineffectiveness of successive antibiotic cures and repeated topical treatments with nystatin and then with econazole cream led to perform microbiological analyses. Culture of ear swab grew Aspergillus niger. The use of a 1% voriconazole sterile solution previously validated for treatment of eye infections was considered after ensuring the absence of known ototoxic effects of the antifungal and of the excipients. The patient was advised to apply locally this voriconazole solution daily for 14 days (3 drops, 3-4 times a day). Full recovery was obtained at the end of the treatment, and no relevant side effects were noticed. More than one year after completion of therapy, there was no recurrence. Our observation shows that voriconazole 1% solution is an interesting option for treating otomycosis which failed to respond to usual therapeutic options. Further prospective studies are now warranted to confirm these findings.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Aspergilose/tratamento farmacológico , Aspergillus niger/efeitos dos fármacos , Otomicose/tratamento farmacológico , Voriconazol/uso terapêutico , Administração Tópica , Antifúngicos/administração & dosagem , Cerume/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nistatina/uso terapêutico , Otomicose/microbiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Voriconazol/administração & dosagem
5.
J Mycol Med ; 28(2): 257-268, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29545121

RESUMO

Among the subdivision of Saccharomycotina (ascomycetes budding yeasts), the CTG clade (formerly the Candida clade) includes species that display a particular genetic code. In these yeasts, the CTG codon is predominantly translated as a serine instead of a leucine residue. It is now well-known that some CTG clade species have a major impact on human and its activities. Some of them are recognized as opportunistic agents of fungal infections termed candidiasis. In addition, another series of species belonging to the CTG clade draws the attention of some research groups because they exhibit a strong potential in various areas of biotechnology such as biological control, bioremediation, but also in the production of valuable biocompounds (biofuel, vitamins, sweeteners, industrial enzymes). Here we provide an overview of recent advances concerning the biology, clinical relevance, and currently tested biotechnological applications of species of the CTG clade. Future directions for scientific research on these particular yeasts are also discussed.


Assuntos
Candida , Candidíase/microbiologia , Microbiologia Industrial , Códon , Humanos
6.
J Hosp Infect ; 99(3): 332-345, 2018 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28943270

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Twenty-five patients, of whom 22 were renal transplant recipients, developed Pneumocystis jirovecii infections at the nephrology department of Reims University Hospital (France) from September 2008 to October 2009, whereas only four sporadic cases had been diagnosed in this department over the 14 previous years. AIM: This outbreak was investigated by analysing patient encounters and P. jirovecii types. METHODS: A transmission map was drawn up. P. jirovecii typing at DHPS, ITS and mtLSU rRNA sequences was performed in the patients of the cluster (18 patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and seven colonized patients), 10 unlinked control patients (six PCP patients and four colonized patients), as well as 23 other patients diagnosed with P. jirovecii (nine PCP patients and 14 colonized patients) in the same department over a three-year post-epidemic period. FINDINGS: Eleven encounters between patients harbouring the same types were observed. Three PCP patients and one colonized patient were considered as possible index cases. The most frequent types in the cluster group and the control group were identical. However, their frequency was significantly higher in the first than in the second group (P < 0.01). Identical types were also identified in the post-epidemic group, suggesting a second outbreak due to the same strain, contemporary to a disruption in prevention measures. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide additional data on the role of both PCP and colonized patients as infectious sources. Longitudinal screening of P. jirovecii types in infected patients, including colonized patients, is required in the investigation of the fungus's circulation within hospitals.


Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Genótipo , Infecções por Pneumocystis/epidemiologia , Pneumocystis carinii/classificação , Pneumocystis carinii/isolamento & purificação , Idoso , Análise por Conglomerados , Infecção Hospitalar/transmissão , DNA Fúngico/química , DNA Fúngico/genética , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/química , DNA Espaçador Ribossômico/genética , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa , Feminino , França/epidemiologia , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Epidemiologia Molecular , Filogenia , Infecções por Pneumocystis/transmissão , Pneumocystis carinii/genética , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Adulto Jovem
7.
Clin Microbiol Infect ; 24(11): 1205-1209, 2018 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29454845

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Besides the potential to identify a wide variety of gastrointestinal parasites, microscopy remains the reference standard in clinical microbiology for amoeba species identification and, especially when coupled with adhesin detection, to discriminate the pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica from its sister but non-pathogenic species Entamoeba dispar/Entamoeba moshkovskii. However, this approach is time-consuming, requires a high-level of expertise that can be jeopardized considering the low prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in non-endemic countries. Here, we evaluated the CE-IVD-marked multiplex PCR (ParaGENIE G-Amoeba, Ademtech) targeting E. histolytica and E. dispar/E. moshkovskii and Giardia intestinalis. METHODS: This evaluation was performed blindly on a reference panel of 172 clinical stool samples collected prospectively from 12 laboratories and analysed using a standardized protocol relying on microscopy (and adhesin detection by ELISA for the detection of E. histolytica) including G. intestinalis (n = 37), various amoeba species (n = 55) including E. dispar (n = 15), E. histolytica (n = 5), as well as 17 other gastrointestinal parasites (n = 80), and negative samples (n = 37). RESULTS: This new multiplex PCR assay offers fast and reliable results with appropriate sensitivity and specificity for the detection of G. intestinalis and E. dispar/E. moshkovskii from stools (89.7%/96.9% and 95%/100%, respectively). Detection rate and specificity were greatly improved by the PCR assay, highlighting several samples misidentified by microscopy, including false-negative and false-positive results for both E. dispar/E. moshkovskii and E. histolytica. CONCLUSION: Given the clinical relevance of amoeba species identification, microbiologists should be aware of the limitations of using an algorithm relying on microscopy coupled with adhesin detection by ELISA.


Assuntos
Entamoeba/isolamento & purificação , Entamebíase/diagnóstico , Fezes/parasitologia , Giardia lamblia/isolamento & purificação , Giardíase/diagnóstico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/métodos , Entamebíase/parasitologia , Giardíase/parasitologia , Humanos , Microscopia , Especificidade da Espécie
8.
Clin Microbiol Infect ; 22(2): 190.e1-190.e8, 2016 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26548509

RESUMO

Microscopy is the reference standard for routine laboratory diagnosis in faecal parasitology but there is growing interest in alternative methods to overcome the limitations of microscopic examination, which is time-consuming and highly dependent on an operator's skills and expertise. Compared with microscopy, DNA detection by PCR is simple and can offer a better turnaround time. However, PCR performances remain difficult to assess as most studies have been conducted on a limited number of positive clinical samples and used in-house PCR methods. Our aim was to evaluate a new multiplex PCR assay (G-DiaParaTrio; Diagenode Diagnostics), targeting Giardia intestinalis, Cryptosporidium parvum/Cryptosporidium hominis and Entamoeba histolytica. To minimize the turnaround time, PCR was coupled with automated DNA extraction (QiaSymphony; Qiagen). The PCR assay was evaluated using a reference panel of 185 samples established by routine microscopic examination using a standardized protocol including Ziehl-Neelsen staining and adhesin detection by ELISA (E. histolytica II; TechLab). This panel, collected from 12 French parasitology laboratories, included 135 positive samples for G. intestinalis (n = 38), C. parvum/C. hominis (n = 26), E. histolytica (n = 5), 21 other gastrointestinal parasites, together with 50 negative samples. In all, the G-DiaParaTrio multiplex PCR assay identified 38 G. intestinalis, 25 C. parvum/C. hominis and five E. histolytica leading to sensitivity/specificity of 92%/100%, 96%/100% and 100%/100% for G. intestinalis, C. parvum/C. hominis and E. histolytica, respectively. This new multiplex PCR assay offers fast and reliable results, similar to microscopy-driven diagnosis for the detection of these gastrointestinal protozoa, allowing its implementation in routine clinical practice.


Assuntos
Cryptosporidium parvum/isolamento & purificação , Entamoeba histolytica/isolamento & purificação , Fezes/parasitologia , Giardia lamblia/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex/métodos , Cryptosporidium parvum/genética , Entamoeba histolytica/genética , Giardia lamblia/genética , Humanos , Enteropatias Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Enteropatias Parasitárias/parasitologia , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA