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1.
Phys Rev Lett ; 131(20): 201802, 2023 Nov 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38039466

RESUMO

We search for energetic electron recoil signals induced by boosted dark matter (BDM) from the galactic center using the COSINE-100 array of NaI(Tl) crystal detectors at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory. The signal would be an excess of events with energies above 4 MeV over the well-understood background. Because no excess of events are observed in a 97.7 kg·yr exposure, we set limits on BDM interactions under a variety of hypotheses. Notably, we explored the dark photon parameter space, leading to competitive limits compared to direct dark photon search experiments, particularly for dark photon masses below 4 MeV and considering the invisible decay mode. Furthermore, by comparing our results with a previous BDM search conducted by the Super-Kamionkande experiment, we found that the COSINE-100 detector has advantages in searching for low-mass dark matter. This analysis demonstrates the potential of the COSINE-100 detector to search for MeV electron recoil signals produced by the dark sector particle interactions.

2.
Anaesthesia ; 78(8): 988-994, 2023 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36960477

RESUMO

We aimed to investigate the effect of the analgesia nociception index on postoperative pain. We randomly allocated 170 women scheduled for gynaecological laparotomy and analysed results from 159: in 80 women, remifentanil was infused to maintain analgesia nociception indices 50-70; and in 79 women, remifentanil was infused to maintain systolic blood pressure < 120% of baseline values. The primary outcome was the proportion of women with pain scores ≥ 5 (scale 0-10) within 40 min of admission to recovery. The proportion of women with pain scores ≥ 5 was 62/80 (78%) vs. 64/79 (81%), p = 0.73. Mean (SD) doses of fentanyl in recovery were 53.6 (26.9) µg vs. 54.8 (20.8) µg, p = 0.74. Intra-operative remifentanil doses were 0.124 (0.050) µg.kg-1 .min-1 vs. 0.129 (0.044) µg.kg-1 .min-1 , p = 0.55.


Assuntos
Analgesia , Analgésicos Opioides , Humanos , Feminino , Remifentanil , Nociceptividade , Laparotomia , Dor Pós-Operatória/tratamento farmacológico , Dor Pós-Operatória/prevenção & controle
3.
Public Health ; 221: 208-215, 2023 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37490839

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: North Korean Refugees (NKRs) undergo defection, and this has been shown to impact their current health status in South Korea. However, little is understood about how the defection process is related to metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study regarded the defection process to be a quasi-measurement of traumatic experience and investigated whether defection was a risk factor for MetS among NKRs living in South Korea. STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study obtained data from the Korea University Anam Hospital in Seoul. NKRs (N = 847) voluntarily completed questionnaires and underwent at least one medical examination between October 2008 and July 2021. METHODS: Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate whether the number of countries transited by NKRs was associated with MetS by controlling for covariates. RESULTS: The prevalence of MetS among male and female NKRs in South Korea was 12.3% and 13.3%, respectively. The highest prevalence of MetS (33.4%) was among NKRs who had transited two countries. The number of months in transit countries (mean: 49.9 ± 51.7) and period of residence in South Korea (mean: 40.9 ± 40.9 months) were also considered. NKRs who transited three countries had a higher probability of MetS (odds ratio [OR] 2.660, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.161-6.097) than those who travelled directly to South Korea. NKRs who transited three countries and had only resided in South Korea for a short period had a higher probability of MetS (OR 3.424, 95% CI 1.149-10.208) than those who have lived in South Korea for a longer period. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the social vulnerability of NKRs and consequential health problems, there is an urgent need for appropriate support from the government and society.


Assuntos
Síndrome Metabólica , Refugiados , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , República Democrática Popular da Coreia/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Liberdade
4.
Osteoarthritis Cartilage ; 29(5): 718-727, 2021 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33577958

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The vascularization of subchondral bone plays a significant role in the progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Treatment with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has positive effects on cartilage lesions. However, PRP's efficacy for subchondral bone marrow lesions and the relationship of these lesions to cartilage are still undiscovered. Therefore, our aims were first to longitudinally investigate the change in subchondral flow by dynamic contrast enhanced MRI and degeneration of cartilage by MRI T2∗ in an anterior cruciate transection rodent (ACLT) model, and second to examine changes in parameters after intra-articular PRP injection. DESIGN: A 32-week investigation in 18 rats allocated to sham-control, ACLT with normal saline injection (ACLT + NS), and ACLT with PRP injection groups ended with histological evaluation. Another rat was used as a donor of allogenic PRP. RESULTS: Compared to the sham-control group, the ACLT + NS group had higher subchondral blood volume A (0.051, 95% confidence interval: 0.009, 0.092) and lower venous washout kel (-0.030: -0.055, -0.005) from week 4; lower permeability kep from week 18 (-0.954: -1.339, -0.569); higher cartilage T2∗ values (1.803: 1.504, 2.102) reflecting collagen loss beginning at week 10. For the PRP treatment group, subchondral bone marrow A and cartilage T2∗ decreased from week 10. Histological results confirmed and were correlated with the MRI findings. CONCLUSION: Subchondral hyper-perfusion plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of OA and was associated with cartilage degeneration. The efficacy of PRP can be observed from reduced perfusion and MRI T2∗ values.


Assuntos
Medula Óssea/irrigação sanguínea , Medula Óssea/diagnóstico por imagem , Cartilagem Articular/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Plasma Rico em Plaquetas , Animais , Volume Sanguíneo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Injeções Intra-Articulares , Osteoartrite/diagnóstico por imagem , Osteoartrite/terapia , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Joelho de Quadrúpedes/irrigação sanguínea , Joelho de Quadrúpedes/diagnóstico por imagem
5.
Phys Rev Lett ; 126(16): 162701, 2021 Apr 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33961456

RESUMO

Many neutron star properties, such as the proton fraction, reflect the symmetry energy contributions to the equation of state that dominate when neutron and proton densities differ strongly. To constrain these contributions at suprasaturation densities, we measure the spectra of charged pions produced by colliding rare isotope tin (Sn) beams with isotopically enriched Sn targets. Using ratios of the charged pion spectra measured at high transverse momenta, we deduce the slope of the symmetry energy to be 42

6.
BJOG ; 128(12): 1938-1948, 2021 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34028167

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To quantify familial risk of endometriosis among full siblings and examine interactions between family history and smoking, age at menarche or body mass index (BMI). DESIGN, SETTING AND POPULATION: Population-based nationwide cohort study. METHODS: Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance and Screening Programme databases on kinship, healthcare utilisation, lifestyle and anthropometrics, we identified 2 109 288 women with full siblings and their environmental risk factors from 2002 to 2018. Familial risks were estimated using Cox proportional-hazards models, represented as incidence risk ratios (IRR) with 95% CI. Interaction between family history and smoking, age at menarche or BMI were assessed on an additive scale. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: IRR of endometriosis among women with and without affected siblings. RESULTS: From 19 195 women with affected siblings, 1126 developed endometriosis with an incidence of 35.45/10 000 person-years. Familial risk of endometriosis with versus without affected siblings was increased to IRR 2.75 (95% CI 2.25-3.36), and the highest risk was with affected twins (IRR 6.98; 95% CI 4.19-11.62). Women with both a family history and either smoking, early menarche or low BMI had a significantly higher risk of endometriosis compared with the general population and can be regarded as a high-risk group, the IRRs were 4.28 (95% CI 2.43-7.55), 3.47 (95% CI 2.82-4.26) and 3.09 (95% CI 2.68-3.56), respectively. Substantial effect modification of the associations was noted by smoking and early menarche, as their combined risk with family history exceeded the sum of their individual risks, which was also statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Genetic factors are the primary contributor to the familial aggregation of endometriosis. Significant gene-environment interaction exists between family history and smoking or early menarche. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Significant gene-environment interaction exists between family history of endometriosis and smoking or early menarche.


Assuntos
Suscetibilidade a Doenças/epidemiologia , Suscetibilidade a Doenças/etiologia , Endometriose/epidemiologia , Endometriose/etiologia , Irmãos , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Índice de Massa Corporal , Feminino , Interação Gene-Ambiente , Humanos , Incidência , Menarca , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Fumar/epidemiologia , Adulto Jovem
7.
Eur J Neurol ; 27(8): 1672-1679, 2020 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32392368

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and both initial stroke severity at presentation and functional outcomes after acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). METHODS: Patients were categorized on the basis of their BMI into underweight (BMI <18.5, n = 111), normal (18.5 ≤ BMI <25, n = 1036) and overweight to obese (BMI ≥25, n = 472) groups. Initial stroke severity was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and functional outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale score at discharge. The differences in stroke severity and functional outcomes were compared between groups using robust log-linear regression with a Poisson distribution and binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 1619 AIS patients with NVAF from six hospitals were included. Compared with the NIHSS scores [median 5, interquartile range (IQR) 2-14] of normal-weight patients, the NIHSS scores (median 9, IQR 4-19) of underweight patients were more likely to be higher, whereas those of overweight to obese patients were lower (median 4, IQR 1-12) (P < 0.001). In terms of functional outcomes after stroke, underweight patients had a higher risk of poor functional outcomes (odds ratio 1.78, 95% confidence interval 1.09-2.56, P = 0.01) but overweight to obese patients had no significant difference in functional outcomes compared with normal-weight patients. CONCLUSION: An inverse association was found between BMI and stroke severity in AIS patients with NVAF. This suggests the presence of an obesity paradox for short-term outcomes in patients with NVAF.


Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial , Isquemia Encefálica , AVC Isquêmico , Fibrilação Atrial/complicações , Fibrilação Atrial/epidemiologia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Isquemia Encefálica/complicações , Isquemia Encefálica/epidemiologia , Humanos , Fatores de Risco
8.
ScientificWorldJournal ; 2020: 3029591, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32327939

RESUMO

Although proper exercise training induces positive physiological effects, improper exercise can lead to injury, fatigue, and poor performance. The frequency, intensity, time/duration, type, volume, and progression (FITT-VP) are the essential components of exercise training to maintain or improve physical fitness and health. The purpose of this study was to develop specific exercise programs by applying the FITT-VP principle and to examine the effects on heart rate (HR) and hematological and biochemical parameters in dogs. The healthy male Beagles (n = 4) included in this study performed continuous and interval exercises, comprising 12 protocols. The HR monitoring elicited an affirmative response to activities but varied depending on the protocols. The hematologic parameters (e.g., red blood cell count, white blood cell count, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) were within the reference ranges both before and after exercise. The creatine kinase level significantly increased, and the cholesterol level decreased after exercises. In conclusion, the continuous and interval exercise program elicits an appropriate HR reaction, has no adverse effects on the serum parameters, and provides valuable insight for healthcare in dogs.


Assuntos
Condicionamento Físico Animal/métodos , Animais , Biomarcadores , Cães , Teste de Esforço , Nível de Saúde , Masculino , Condicionamento Físico Animal/instrumentação , Aptidão Física
9.
Acta Virol ; 64(4): 470-479, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33151741

RESUMO

The methods for expansion of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific T lymphocytes are limited due to the complex culture process, long culture duration, and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) restriction. Here, we report that in vitro stimulation with pp65 kDa phosphoprotein (pp65)-derived overlapping synthetic peptides rapidly generates large numbers of HCMV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) regardless of HLA type. Treatment of PBMCs from healthy volunteers expressing HLA-A*02:01 or HLA-A*24:02 with 138 pp65 overlapping peptides (OLP) resulted in an expansion of HCMV pp65 NLVPMVATV (NLV) pentamer-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes that expressed interferon (IFN)-γ, but the pp65 NLV peptide did not generate HCMV-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes in PBMCs obtained from an HLA-A*24:02 donor due to HLA restriction. The OLP-induced T lymphocytes specific for HCMV derived from PBMCs of HLA-A*02:01- and HLA-A*24:02-expressing donors showed effective cytolytic responses against target cells loaded with OLP or the NLV epitope, but pp65 NLV peptide-induced T lymphocytes did not. Phenotypic analyses demonstrated that OLP increased the frequency of CD3+ CD8+ cells, but not CD3+ CD4+, CD14+, or CD56+ cells, in donor PBMCs. Thus, this study provides evidence that in vitro stimulation with OLP efficiently generates sufficient numbers of HCMV pp65-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes for adoptive cell therapy. Keywords: human cytomegalovirus; cytotoxic T lymphocyte; overlapping peptides; pp65; cytotoxicity.


Assuntos
Infecções por Citomegalovirus/imunologia , Peptídeos/imunologia , Linfócitos T Citotóxicos/virologia , Proteínas da Matriz Viral/imunologia , Citomegalovirus , Antígenos HLA-A , Humanos , Leucócitos Mononucleares , Fosfoproteínas/imunologia
10.
J Intern Med ; 286(5): 573-582, 2019 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31215064

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia may worsen disease progression and lead to poor outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the effect of BMI on the development of COPD and mortality. METHODS: We enrolled 437 584 participants registered in the physical health check-up cohort database of the Korean National Health Interview Survey from 2002 to 2003, and we defined COPD diagnosis based on the ICD-10 code and prescribed medication. BMI (kg m-2 ) classified them to five groups (low BMI < 18.5, normal BMI 18.5-23, overweight 23-25, obesity 25-30, severe obesity ≥30) at baseline. RESULTS: Participants in the low BMI group had a significantly higher rate of COPD development for 13 years (7.6%) than those in other groups (3.4-4.1%, P < 0.0001). Amongst never or light smokers, COPD development in the low BMI group (5.6-6.7%) was significantly higher than that in other groups (2.8-4.7%). Similarly, amongst participants with a smoking history of ≥30 years, COPD development in the low BMI group (20.1%) was higher than those in other groups (8.4-12.4%). On multivariable analysis, normal or higher than normal body weight was significantly protective against the development of COPD (hazard ratio [HR], 0.609-0.739,) compared to low BMI. COPD-free-survival (HR, 0.491-0.622) and overall survival (HR, 0.440-0.585) were also better in them compared to those with low BMI (all P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Low BMI is an important risk factor for COPD development and mortality. Maintaining adequate body weight may reduce the risk for COPD development and mortality.


Assuntos
Obesidade/complicações , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/epidemiologia , Sarcopenia/complicações , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Coortes , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/mortalidade , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/diagnóstico , República da Coreia , Fatores de Risco , Sarcopenia/mortalidade , Taxa de Sobrevida
11.
Phys Rev Lett ; 122(13): 131802, 2019 Apr 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31012610

RESUMO

A search for inelastic boosted dark matter (IBDM) using the COSINE-100 detector with 59.5 days of data is presented. This relativistic dark matter is theorized to interact with the target material through inelastic scattering with electrons, creating a heavier state that subsequently produces standard model particles, such as an electron-positron pair. In this study, we search for this electron-positron pair in coincidence with the initially scattered electron as a signature for an IBDM interaction. No excess over the predicted background event rate is observed. Therefore, we present limits on IBDM interactions under various hypotheses, one of which allows us to explore an area of the dark photon parameter space that has not yet been covered by other experiments. This is the first experimental search for IBDM using a terrestrial detector.

12.
Phys Rev Lett ; 123(3): 031302, 2019 Jul 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31386435

RESUMO

We present new constraints on the dark matter-induced annual modulation signal using 1.7 years of COSINE-100 data with a total exposure of 97.7 kg yr. The COSINE-100 experiment, consisting of 106 kg of NaI(Tl) target material, is designed to carry out a model-independent test of DAMA/LIBRA's claim of WIMP discovery by searching for the same annual modulation signal using the same NaI(Tl) target. The crystal data show a 2.7 cpd/kg/keV background rate on average in the 2-6 keV energy region of interest. Using a χ-squared minimization method we observe best fit values for modulation amplitude and phase of 0.0092±0.0067 cpd/kg/keV and 127.2±45.9 d, respectively.

13.
Colorectal Dis ; 21(1): 38-47, 2019 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30047583

RESUMO

AIM: We aimed to isolate and propagate internal and external anal sphincter progenitor cells from the human anal sphincter, with or without radiotherapy, for tailored cell therapy of faecal incontinence. METHODS: Sphincter progenitor cells were isolated from normal internal and external anal sphincters collected from 10 patients with rectal cancer who had undergone abdominoperineal resection with (n = 6) or without (n = 4) preoperative chemoradiotherapy. The isolated cells and differentiated muscle fibres were identified using immunofluorescence assay, western blotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The proliferation of progenitor cells with and without radiotherapy was compared by quantitative 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS: The immunofluorescence assay before differentiation confirmed that the internal anal sphincter progenitor cells expressed CD34 and neural-glial antigen 2 (NG2), whereas the external anal sphincter progenitor cells expressed CD34 and PAX7. After differentiation, the internal anal sphincter progenitor cells expressed desmin, calponin and α-smooth muscle actin, whereas the external anal sphincter progenitor cells expressed desmin, myogenic factor 4 and myosin heavy chain. The differential expression profiles of both cell types were confirmed by western blotting and RT-PCR. MTT assays showed that the viability of internal and external anal sphincter progenitor cells was significantly lower in the radiotherapy group than that in the nonradiotherapy group. CONCLUSIONS: This study describes the differential harvest internal and external sphincter muscle progenitor cells from human anal sphincters. We confirm that radiotherapy decreases the viability of internal and external anal sphincter progenitor cells.


Assuntos
Canal Anal/citologia , Proliferação de Células , Sobrevivência Celular , Quimiorradioterapia , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas/citologia , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/citologia , Neoplasias Retais/terapia , Células-Tronco/citologia , Actinas/metabolismo , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Canal Anal/metabolismo , Antígenos/metabolismo , Antígenos CD34/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação ao Cálcio/metabolismo , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Terapia Baseada em Transplante de Células e Tecidos , Desmina/metabolismo , Incontinência Fecal/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas/metabolismo , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Miogenina/metabolismo , Cadeias Pesadas de Miosina/metabolismo , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Fator de Transcrição PAX7/metabolismo , Protectomia , Proteoglicanas/metabolismo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Células-Tronco/metabolismo , Calponinas
14.
Exp Appl Acarol ; 77(4): 583, 2019 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31098762

RESUMO

Due to an unfortunate turn of events, an incorrect funding note was provided in the original publication as it should have read.

15.
Med J Malaysia ; 74(2): 145-150, 2019 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31079126

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing at an alarming rate. It is a major factor for many other metabolic disorders. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of increase body mass index (BMI) and obesity and their associated demographic characteristics among adults in an urban area. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted where data was extracted from the Health Status Screening Form (BSSK) at health clinics in Johor Bahru. Using the World Health Organization (WHO), criteria for obesity, BMI≥30.0 kg/m2 was specified as obese and combination of both BMI ranges for overweight (25.0-30.0kg/m2) and obesity (≥30.0kg/m2) as elevated BMI. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of elevated BMI and obesity was 54.6% and 20.1% respectively. Men had a higher prevalence of elevated BMI (57.4%) with odds of 1.28 higher (95%CI: 1.04-1.58). High prevalence of elevated BMI and obesity were seen among the Indians (elevated BMI - 60.2%, obesity - 19.4%) followed by Malays (elevated BMI -57.8%, obesity - 23.1%) and Chinese showed the lowest (elevated BMI - 39.0%, obesity - 8.8%). The odds of elevated BMI and obesity were lower among younger adults as compared to older adults (≥30 years old). CONCLUSION: Using WHO criteria, about one in two adults had elevated BMI while one in five were obese. Elevated BMI and obesity disparities were evident in age and ethnicity, but sex differences were encountered in elevated BMI group.


Assuntos
Obesidade/epidemiologia , Sobrepeso/epidemiologia , População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Escolaridade , Feminino , Humanos , Malásia/epidemiologia , Masculino , Estado Civil , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/etiologia , Sobrepeso/etiologia , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Adulto Jovem
17.
Lupus ; 27(6): 930-938, 2018 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29308729

RESUMO

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with various clinical manifestations and serologic markers. In this study, we analyzed nine polyamine (PA) profiles of plasma from patients with SLE and healthy controls (HCs), and the relationship between the PA profiles and disease activity. PA alterations in plasma of 44 patients with SLE and fever were investigated using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in selected ion monitoring mode using N-ethoxycarbonyl/ N-pentafluoropropionyl derivatives, and compared with those of 43 HCs. Patients with SLE and HCs showed differences in five of nine PA profiles. Among five changed PA levels, four PAs, namely N1-acetylcadaverine, spermidine, N1-acetylspermidine, and spermine, were dramatically decreased. However, the level of cadaverine was increased in patients with SLE. In the partial correlation with PA profiles and disease activity markers of SLE, several disease activity markers and nutritional markers were correlated with cadaverine, spermidine, and N 8-acetylspermidine. Thus, our results provide a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between PA metabolomics and disease activity markers in patients with SLE.


Assuntos
Febre/sangue , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/sangue , Poliaminas/sangue , Adulto , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Febre/diagnóstico , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Humanos , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/diagnóstico , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Metabolômica/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estado Nutricional , Estudos Prospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto Jovem
18.
Lupus ; 27(10): 1644-1651, 2018 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29950160

RESUMO

Objectives Avascular necrosis (AVN) is one of the most common causes of organ damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and often causes serious physical disability. The aims of this study were to investigate clinical risk factors associated with symptomatic AVN and to analyze their synergistic effects in a large SLE cohort in Korea. Methods Patients with SLE were enrolled and followed from 1998 to 2014 in the Hanyang BAE Lupus cohort, and damage was measured annually according to the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SDI). AVN was confirmed by imaging study if patients had symptoms. To determine risk factors for AVN, clinical, laboratory and therapeutic variables were analyzed by logistic regression. Relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP), and synergy index (S) were calculated to measure interactions between significant variables. Results Among 1219 SLE patients, symptomatic AVN was the most common type of musculoskeletal damage (10.8%, n = 132). SLE patients with AVN showed an earlier onset age, demonstrated AVN more commonly in conjunction with certain other clinical manifestations such as renal and neuropsychiatric disorders, and received significantly higher total cumulative corticosteroid dose and immunosuppressive agents than did patients without AVN. However, in multivariable analysis, only two variables including use of a cumulative corticosteroid dose greater than 20 g (odds ratio (OR) 3.62, p = 0.015) and use of immunosuppressants including cyclophosphamide or mycophenolate mofetil (OR 4.51, p < 0.001) remained as significant risk factors for AVN. Patients with cumulative corticosteroid dose > 20 g and immunosuppressant use had a 15.44-fold increased risk for AVN, compared with patients without these risk factors ( p < 0.001). RERI, AP and S, which define the strength of interactions between two risk factors, were 9.01 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30-16.73), 0.58 (95% CI 0.36-0.81) and 2.66 (95% CI 1.42-4.99), respectively, supporting the presence of synergistic interactions in the development of symptomatic AVN in our Korean lupus cohort. Conclusions An individual risk assessment for AVN development should be made prior to and during treatment for SLE, especially in patients with high-dose corticosteroid and immunosuppressant use regardless of clinical manifestations and disease activity.


Assuntos
Corticosteroides/efeitos adversos , Imunossupressores/efeitos adversos , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/tratamento farmacológico , Osteonecrose/induzido quimicamente , Adolescente , Corticosteroides/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Imunossupressores/administração & dosagem , Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico/diagnóstico , Masculino , Osteonecrose/diagnóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , República da Coreia , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
19.
J Appl Microbiol ; 125(3): 753-765, 2018 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29791769

RESUMO

AIMS: To isolate micro-organisms associated with marine coastal sediments of Colombian Caribbean Sea and for evaluating its antimicrobial activity in order to identify the most active strains. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred and four strains were isolated from sediment samples of the Colombian Caribbean Sea. First at all, an antimicrobial activity screening was made using agar well diffusion method against the pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Seventeen strains showed strong antimicrobial activity and were identified as members of the Streptomyces, Micrococcus and Bacillus genera. Organic extracts were produced by liquid-liquid extraction and HPLC profiles of the most active extracts were obtained. Then, the antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated with the broth microdilution test, finding antimicrobial activities superior to 90% against S. aureus MRSA and C. albicans. HPLC profiles indicated the presence of different antimicrobial compounds. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that the microorganisms isolated from the Colombian Caribbean Sea are possible sources of antimicrobial compounds against pathogenic strains. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY: These results contribute to the knowledge of the biotechnological potential of the Colombian biodiversity for the development of pharmaceutical products that can counteract the increasing problem of pathogen resistance.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Bactérias , Bioprospecção , Sedimentos Geológicos/microbiologia , Anti-Infecciosos/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Bactérias/química , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Região do Caribe , Colômbia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Oceanos e Mares , Microbiologia da Água
20.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis ; 28(10): 1021-1028, 2018 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29983222

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Bilirubin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; serum bilirubin levels have been known to be inversely associated with cardiovascular disease. However, the effects of different bilirubin subtypes on cardiometabolic traits are unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine whether direct bilirubin is more strongly correlated with small, dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) compared to other bilirubin subtypes. We also investigated which LDL subfractions exhibited the highest correlation with direct bilirubin. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 288 overweight and centrally obese women were included in this study. The Pearson correlation and Steiger's Z test were used to compare the correlation coefficients between bilirubin subtypes and lipoproteins. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to evaluate the independent association between direct bilirubin and mean LDL particle size. Only direct bilirubin levels were significantly associated with the sdLDL subfraction and mean LDL particle size. Mean LDL particle size exhibited a significantly stronger correlation with direct bilirubin than sdLDL, percent sdLDL, and the sdLDL:large LDL ratio. Regression analysis showed that direct bilirubin was significantly associated with mean LDL particle size, according to both the stepwise method (ß = 11.445, P value = 0.002) and the enter method (ß = 11.655, P value = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Direct bilirubin is more strongly correlated with the sdLDL subfraction compared with total and indirect bilirubin, and is independently associated with mean LDL particle size in overweight and centrally obese women.


Assuntos
Bilirrubina/sangue , Lipoproteínas LDL/sangue , Obesidade Abdominal/sangue , Sobrepeso/sangue , Adiposidade , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Biomarcadores/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade Abdominal/diagnóstico , Obesidade Abdominal/fisiopatologia , Sobrepeso/diagnóstico , Sobrepeso/fisiopatologia , Tamanho da Partícula , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Adulto Jovem
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