Low-cost and miniaturized 100-Gb/s (2 × 50 Gb/s) PAM-4 TO-packaged ROSA for data center networks.

We design and implement a cost-effective and compact 100-Gb/s (2 × 50 Gb/s) PAM-4 receiver optical sub-assembly (ROSA) by using a TO-can package instead of an expensive box-type package. It consists of an optical demultiplexer, two PIN-PDs and a 2-channel linear transimpedance amplifier. The components are passively aligned and assembled using alignment marks engraved on each part. With a real-time PAM-4 DSP chip, we measured the back-to-back receiver sensitivities of the 100-Gb/s ROSA based on TO-56 to be less than -13.2 dBm for both channels at a bit error rate of 2.4e-4. The crosstalk penalty due to the adjacent channel interference was observed around 0.1 dB.

Highly alignment tolerant and high-sensitivity 100Gb/s (4 × 25Gb/s) APD-ROSA with a thin-film filter-based de-multiplexer.

We investigate and demonstrate a 100-Gb/s (4x25-Gb/s) receiver optical sub-assembly (ROSA) based on avalanche photodiodes and a thin-film filter-based de-multiplexer. The overall alignment tolerances of the ROSA are relaxed to have larger than ± 25 µm by improving optical coupling structure. The receiver sensitivity of each lane is also measured to be less than -22.2 dBm, a record minimum to our knowledge, at the bit error ratio of 10-12 for 25.78-Gb/s NRZ signal.

Real-time demonstration of QoS guaranteed 25-Gb/s PON prototype with Ethernet-PON MAC/PHY and cost-effective APD receivers for 100-Gb/s access networks.

We demonstrate a real-time 25-Gb/s PON prototype with ethernet-PON MAC/PHY, O-band transmitter, and cost-effective APD receivers. With applying parasitic inductance and capacitance reduction, the frequency response of 25-Gb/s APD ROSA with TO46-pacakge is improved to support high receiver sensitivity around -25 dBm at the BER of 10-3. The 30 dB power budget of 25 Gb/s downstream is achieved at the BER of 10-3. With long-term ethernet packet transmission, 25 Gigabit and 10 Gigabit ethernet traffics are successfully transmitted through the 20-km SMF over 14 hour's observation window. Furthermore, QoS and bandwidth re-assignment function of the 25-Gb/s PON prototype are successfully demonstrated with respect to residential, business and mobile backhaul services in ONUs.

Experimental demonstration of wavelength domain rogue-free ONU based on wavelength-pairing for TDM/WDM optical access networks.

In this study, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a wavelength domain rogue-free ONU based on wavelength-pairing of downstream and upstream signals for time/wavelength division-multiplexed optical access networks. The wavelength-pairing tunable filter is aligned to the upstream wavelength channel by aligning it to one of the downstream wavelength channels. Wavelength-pairing is implemented with a compact and cyclic Si-AWG integrated with a Ge-PD. The pairing filter covered four 100 GHz-spaced wavelength channels. The feasibility of the wavelength domain rogue-free operation is investigated by emulating malfunction of the misaligned laser. The wavelength-pairing tunable filter based on the Si-AWG blocks the upstream signal in the non-assigned wavelength channel before data collision with other ONUs.

Self-wavelength initialization method for the Bragg-grating based tunable light source in WDM passive optical network.

We propose a self-wavelength initialization method for the waveguide Bragg-grating based tunable external cavity laser. Reflection characteristics of the Bragg-grating, and the wavelength routing property in the wavelength division multiplexing-passive optical network (WDM-PON) were used in our proposed method. By adding a cost-effective and low- power broadband light source in the central office, the tunable laser can align its output wavelength with the wavelength at the center of the pass band of the WDM multiplexer. This method can be applicable for the Bragg-grating based tunable laser, which is placed either in the central office or in the subscriber region. The operating principle and the feasibility of the proposed method were described by evaluating the transmission performance. By using our initialization method, a tunable laser with a Bragg-grating can be used as a true colorless light source for the WDM-PON.

Demonstration of burst mode bit discrimination circuit for 1.25 Gb/s and 10.3 Gb/s dual-rate reach extender of WDM-TDM-hybrid-PON systems based on 10G-EPON.

We proposed a simple and cost-effective burst mode bit discrimination circuit for dual rate reach extender based on 10 gigabit Ethernet passive optical network. To distinguish the dual rate burst mode packets, periodic idle patterns which have specific frequency components in the frequency domain and radio frequency power detection technique were used. The burst mode dual rate upstream transmission was demonstrated to confirm the feasibility of our suggested method in a coexisted gigabit Ethernet passive optical network and 10 gigabit Ethernet passive optical network. We achieved the dual rate burst mode receiver sensitivity of - 32 dBm for 1.25 Gbit/s signal and -27 dBm for 10.3 Gbit/s signal, respectively.