[Malaria situation in the Moscow Region].

The Moscow Region is the largest administrative territorial entity that comprises 39 districts, 72 towns, 110 urban settlements, and above 6,000 inhabited localities. This is the most populated region of Russia with the average density of 334.5 persons per square kilometers, which is almost 40 times greater than that of the whole country's population. The malaria situation in the Moscow Region was stable till 2001, then drastically aggravated: in the past 50 years there has been intensive local malaria transmission through malaria mosquitoes in the Moscow Region for the first time. In 2001, there were a total of 98 cases of malaria, of them there were 40 cases of infection; in 2002 there were 103 cases, including 49 cases caused via local transmission. Due to the increased antimalaria measures, the situation gradually improved and in 2007 the malaria cases notified in the region decreased to 20, of them there were 6 locally transmitted cases. Larvicidal treatments of water reservoirs in 2006 were performed in 27 administrative areas, by covering 497 water reservoirs of an area of 296 ha. In 2007, water reservoirs were treated in 23 administrative areas, by covering 684 water reservoirs, the area of which was 369 ha.

[Improvement of a complex of sanitary and health-promoting measures in enterobiasis for children of pediatric institutions and schools]. / Sovershenstvovanie kompleksa sanitarno-ozdorovitel'nykh meropriiatii sredi detei detskikh uchrezhdenii i shkol pri énterobioze.

The use of an improved complex of sanitary and health-promoting measures for children from 2 schools revealed that their infestation with pinworms among first-eleventh-form pupils from a boarding school was 42.6%, the above measures covering simultaneously them all with their subsequent repetition every 6 months allowed all the children to be free from pinworms. At school 8, the random use of these measures could reduce pinworm infestation to 4% of the children covered with health-promoting measures.

[New approaches to the eradication of enterobiasis in children]. / Novye podkhody k ozdorovleniiu detei ot énterobioza.

The paper outlines the results of studies dealt with the detection of risk factors and groups for enterobiasis, the efficiency of the treatment of children suffering from the disease with medamine, biologicals, and Normase. It is shown that risk factors may include an abnormal course of antenatality, minor developmental malformations (diastema, dystrophy, abnormalities of the eye, hand, foot, etc.), as well as early artificial feeding of babies (before they reach 3 months of life). Enterobiasis is found to have a negative influence on the physical, nervous, and mental development and suppression of non-specific immunity in children, which is suggested by the reduction in salivary lysozyme activity, which is lower than the normal level and on blood alpha-interferon production. There is strong evidence for the considerable immunosuppressive effects of enterobiasis on the formation of a postvaccinal immunity against measles. When given in a single course dose, medamine shows a 100% efficiency in the treatment of enterobiasis. Moreover, bificol, bifidumbacterin, and Normase may be useful to enhance the treatment efficiency and children's recovery from enterobiasis.