[Jinghuaweikang capsules combined with Quadruple therapy in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection:a multicenter,randomized,controlled,clinical study].

Objective: To explore the efficacy of Jinghuaweikang capsules combined with Quadruple therapy in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori)infection. Methods: Patients who were infected with H.pylori in 7 centers in Gansu Province were recruited in this prospective simple randomized study. All the patients are divided into four groups randomly: patients in Group A1 were treated with esomeprazole (20 mg, twice a day) + pectin bismuth (200 mg, three times a day) + amoxicillin (1 000 mg, twice a day) + clarithromycin (500 mg, twice a day), while Group A2 with Jinghuaweikang capsules(160 mg, three times a day) based on group A2, Group B1 with esomeprazole (20 mg, twice a day) + bismuth pectin (200 mg, three times a day) + amoxicillin (1 000 mg, twice a day) + furazolidone (100 mg, twice a day) and Group B2 with Jinghuaweikang capsules(160 mg, three times a day) based on group B2. The treatment time was 14 days for all 4 groups. In the course of treatment, abdominal pain, acid reflux, abdominal distension, belching, hiccups were observed at the time before treatment, 14 days and 30 days after treatment and were scored. Finally, all patients received (13)C or (14)C for H.pylori at the time of 30 days after the treatment. Result: A total of 455 patients were included in 7 hospitals from February 2016 to May 2017 in Gansu province, and there were 189 male patients. Group A1 included 129 cases, group A2 96 cases, group B1 112 cases and group B2 118 cases. The eradication rates that accorded with program data analysis (PP) were A1[46.9%(60/128)], A2[63.8%(60/94)], B1[60.7%(68/112)], B2[68.6%(81/118)] (P<0.004). Compared with group A1, the eradication rate of H.pylori in group B1 and group A2 increased (P<0.001, P=0.032), there was no statistical difference between group B2 and group A2, group B1 and group B2 (P=0.208, P=0.461). According to intentional analysis (ITT), the eradication rates of H.pylori in group A1 were 46.5% (60/129),group A2 were 62.5% (60/96),group B1 were 60.7% (68/112),and group B2 were 68.6% (81/118).The radical rate of A2 was higher than A1 (P=0.017), group B2 was not higher than group B1 (P=0.208), and there was no significant difference among the other groups. The symptoms of abdominal pain, abdominal distention, acid reflux, belching and hiccup in the group A2 and group B2 were improved than those in group A1 and group B1 (P<0.05). No serious adverse reactions occurred in all groups. Conclusion: Jinghuaweikang capsules can improve the eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori, and improve the symptoms of patients.

Production of S-acetoin from diacetyl by Escherichia coli transformant cells that express the diacetyl reductase gene of Paenibacillus polymyxa ZJ-9.

UNLABELLED: S-acetoin (S-AC) is an important four-carbon chiral compound that has unique industrial applications in the asymmetric synthesis of valuable chiral specialty chemicals. However, previous studies showed that the usually low yield and optical purity of S-AC as well as the very high substrate cost have hindered the application of this compound. In the current work, a gene encoding diacetyl reductase (DAR) from a Paenibacillus polymyxa strain ZJ-9 was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Whole cells of the recombinant E. coli were used to produce S-AC from diacetyl (DA). Under optimal conditions, S-AC with high optical purity (purity >99·9%) was obtained with a yield of 13·5 ± 0·24 and 39·4 ± 0·38 g l(-1) under batch and fed-batch culture conditions, respectively. This process featured the biotransformation of DA into S-AC using whole cells of engineered E. coli. The result is a considerable increase in the yield and optical purity of S-AC, which in turn facilitated the practical application of the compound. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study demonstrated a highly efficient new method to produce S-acetoin with higher than 99·9% optical purity from diacetyl using whole cells of engineered Escherichia coli. It will therefore decrease the production cost of S-acetoin and highlight its application in asymmetric synthesis of highly valuable chiral compounds.

[Study on free amino acids and protein in hemolymph of Anopheles stephensi].

The changes in the contents of free amino acids in hemolymph of Anopheles stephensi were determined by automatic amino acid analyzer. The changes in hemolymph protein were determined by ultraviolet absorption method. Free amino acids in hemolymph of infected mosquitoes were compared with those in noninfected mosquitoes. At 4 days after blood meal, 6 kinds of amino acids decreased markedly, and 5 kinds of amino acids increased markedly; at 7 days after blood meal, 4 kinds of amino decreased markedly, while 7 kinds of amino acids increased markedly; at 11 days after acids blood meal, 9 kinds of amino acids decreased markedly, and 4 kinds of amino acids increased remarkably. The protein concentration of infected mosquitoes was higher than that of noninfected ones.

[Studies on the components of trace elements and macro elements in hemolymph of Anopheles anthropophagus].

The elements in hemolymph of An. anthropophagus were determined by ICAP. There were 18 kinds of trace elements such as Fe,Zn,Cu,Mn,Cr,Mo,Co,Ni,V,Sr,B,Al,Ba,Zr, Cd,Pb,Ga,Li and 6 kinds of macro elements such as Ca,Mg,K,Na,S,P in the hemolymph of the mosquito. The contents of the macro elements and Fe in hemolymph of newly emerged mosquitoes were significantly higher than those of mosquitoes after taking blood meal, whereas Zn and Al were lower. Comparing elements in hemolymph of An. anthropophagus and An. sinensis, there were 14 kinds of elements in newly emerged mosquitoes with striking significant difference, while there were 13 kinds of elements with striking significant difference in the mosquitoes after taking blood meal. Comparing elements in the hemolymph of An. anthropophagus and Ae. albopictus, there were 13 kinds of elements with striking significant difference in the hemolymph of newly emerged mosquitoes and the mosquitoes after taking blood meal. The results suggested that the components of elements in hemolymph were relevant to the nutritional metabolism and development of mosquitoes, and that mosquitoes of different species and with different sensibilities to malaria parasites also showed difference in the contents of elements in their hemolymph.

[Study of protective effect of leech, radix Salviae miltiorrhizae and its composite recipe on vascular endothelial cells in rats with blood stasis syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To study the protective effect for Chinese medicine of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis (PBCRBS) on vascular endothelial cells (VEC) in rats, aiming at further research on the mechanism of blood stasis syndrome and PBCRBS. METHOD: Establishing a model of blood stasis with endothelial damage by means of giving rats an injection of adrenalin and making it swim in ice-cold water, then measuring the number of circulating endothelial cells (CEC) in whole blood and rheology. Moreover observing the change of the above indexes after the rats have taken Leech, Radix salviae miltrorrhizae (RSM) and its composite recipe for 5 days or 10 days. RESULT: It could increase the number of CEC accompanied by whole blood viscosity, fibrinogen and hematocrit in rats with blood stasis. But for groups taking Chinese medicine, the number of CEC was decreased distinctively and blood rheology was improved. CONCLUSION: The rat with blood stasis syndrome suffered from obvious injury of VEC. The Leech, RSM and its composite recipe could protect VEC.

Tissue-direct PCR, a rapid and extraction-free method for barcoding of ferns.

Fern gametophytes and young sporophytes often provide too little material for DNA extraction and are particularly difficult to identify to genus. Here we developed an efficient procedure called 'Tissue-direct PCR', in which a slice of fern tissue is mixed with PCR reagents and primers, allowing certain genomic regions to be amplified directly in the thermal cycler. For these diminutive and featureless stages of ferns, Tissue-direct PCR combined with amplifying plant barcodes promises to make the identification of immature ferns easy and rapid. Tissue-direct PCR would also be very helpful for large-scale ecological studies surveying distribution and population structure.