Bacillus ginsengisoli sp. nov., isolated from soil of a ginseng field.

A novel bacterial strain DCY53(T) was isolated from a soil sample from a ginseng field and was characterized using a polyphasic approach. Cells were Gram-reaction-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming and motile with flagella. The strain was aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive, optimum growth temperature and pH were 30-37 °C and 6.0-7.5, respectively. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain DCY53(T) was shown to belong to the genus Bacillus and the closest phylogenetic relatives were Bacillus pocheonensis KCTC 13943(T) (98.3 %), Bacillus bataviensis LMG 21833(T) (98.0 %), Bacillus soli LMG 21838(T) (97.9 %), Bacillus drentensis LMG 21831(T) (97.8 %), Bacillus niacini DSM 2923(T) (97.8 %), Bacillus novalis LMG 21837(T) (97.7 %), Bacillus vireti LMG 21834(T) (97.6 %) and Bacillus fumarioli LMG 17489(T) (97.3 %). The DNA G+C content was 43.6 mol% and the predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7. The major fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The DNA-DNA relatedness with closest relatives was below 55 %. The results of the genotypic analysis in combination with chemotaxonomic and physiological data demonstrated that DCY53(T) represented a novel species within the genus Bacillus, for which we propose the name Bacillus ginsengisoli. The type strain is DCY53(T) ( = KCTC 13945(T) = JCM 17335(T)).

Lactobacillus kimchicus sp. nov., a ß-glucosidase-producing bacterium isolated from kimchi.

A Gram-reaction-positive, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped, non-motile, ß-glucosidase-producing bacterium, designated DCY51(T), was isolated from kimchi, a Korean fermented vegetable food. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain DCY51(T) belonged to the genus Lactobacillus and exhibited highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Lactobacillus paracollinoides AB 74 (96.9 %), L. similis JCM 2765(T) (96.9 %), L. collinoides JCM 1123(T) (96.7 %) and L. hilgardii DSM 20176(T) (95.5 %). Subsequently, pheS sequence analysis confirmed that strain DCY51(T) formed a distinct lineage within the Lactobacillus plantarum group. The major polar lipid of strain DCY51(T) was phosphatidylethanolamine and minor amounts of phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol were found. Phenotypic characteristics and DNA-DNA relatedness indicated that strain DCY51(T) was clearly distinguished from other type strains of species of the genus Lactobacillus. A novel species, Lactobacillus kimchicus sp. nov., is proposed, with type strain DCY51(T) ( = KCTC 12976(T)  = JCM 15530(T)).

Stenotrophomonas ginsengisoli sp. nov., isolated from a ginseng field.

A Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain DCY01(T), was isolated from soil from a ginseng field in South Korea and was characterized in order to determine its taxonomic position. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain DCY01(T) belonged to the Gammaproteobacteria and was most closely related to Stenotrophomonas koreensis KCTC 12211(T) (98.4 % similarity), Stenotrophomonas humi R-32729(T) (97.2 %), Stenotrophomonas terrae R-32768 (97.1 %), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia DSM 50170(T) (96.9 %) and Stenotrophomonas nitritireducens DSM 12575(T) (96.8 %). Chemotaxonomic analyses revealed that strain DCY01(T) possessed a quinone system with Q-8 as the predominant compound, and iso-C(15 : 0) (28.2 %), C(16 : 0) 10-methyl (13.2 %), iso-C(15 : 1) F (10.8 %) and C(15 : 0) (7.5 %) as major fatty acids, corroborating assignment of strain DCY01(T) to the genus Stenotrophomonas. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The results of DNA-DNA hybridization and physiological and biochemical tests clearly demonstrated that strain DCY01(T) represents a species distinct from recognized Stenotrophomonas species. Based on these data, DCY01(T) (=KCTC 12539(T)=NBRC 101154(T)) should be classified as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Stenotrophomonas, for which the name Stenotrophomonas ginsengisoli sp. nov. is proposed.