RESUMO
Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium are the most important Mycobacteria isolated from diseased dogs, but Mycobacterium tuberculosis can be isolated as well, especially when close contact with humans exists. Free ranging street dogs may carry zoonotic diseases, being a potential health risk to new owners after adoption. In this study, the clinical case of a dog affected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is described. A six-year-old bitch that had been living with a homeless man was rescued and put for adoption in dog shelter. After being adopted, her health declined, and abdominal ultrasound and exploratory laparoscopy were performed. A tuberculosis-like lesion in the liver was biopsied and histopathological, bacteriological, and molecular analyses were carried out. Then, the animal was euthanized and necropsied, and disseminated macroscopic tuberculosis-like lesions were observed in abdominal organs. Mycobacterium presence was confirmed by histopathological and bacteriological methods. Genotyping identified a SIT-1228 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain. Notification to the sanitary authorities was performed and the couple that had contact with the dog were alerted and sent to the hospital for assessment, as Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a primary pathogenic agent for humans. The epidemiology in this clinical case is unclear, but the most likely source of infection might have been consumption of sputum contaminated food during the years that this bitch lived with the homeless man, because this person had died with chronic respiratory symptoms. Veterinarians must consider this disease and perform a complete diagnosis when dogs that used to live on the streets show nonspecific clinical signs.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão , Mycobacterium bovis , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculose , Animais , Argentina/epidemiologia , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Cães , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Tuberculose/microbiologia , Tuberculose/veterinária , ZoonosesRESUMO
El presente estudio es parte del proyecto PIA-ACC.UMSA.01 Búsqueda de Nuevas Zonas Endémicas de la Enfermedad de Chagas en la Amazonía Boliviana como efecto del Cambio Climático, el cual nos ha permitido realizar el estudio epidemiológico - serológico y molecular de la enfermedad de Chagas en personas asintomáticas habitantes de seis regiones de la Amazonía Boliviana: Riberalta; Guayaramerín; Cobija; Trinidad; San Joaquín y San Borja, quienes en su mayoría pertenecían a los diversos pueblos indígenas, afectados por la pobreza. La exploración clínica y las pruebas de diagnóstico serológico y molecular de la enfermedad de Chagas se realizaron a la población de cada región sin costo. La participación de la gente fue coordinada con la Central de Pueblos Indígenas del Beni y mediante la firma del consentimiento informado se sometieron al estudio todos los participantes voluntarios. Un total de 338 muestras fueron procesadas con las pruebas serológicas de ELISA; HAI e IFI y la prueba molecular de la PCR en punto final. La seropositividad fue del 6,2% (21 casos) y la PCR fue positiva en 3,8% (13 casos). Del total de casos Chagas positivo, el 42% fueron casos de migrantes de regiones endémicas como Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, Chuquisaca y Yungas de La Paz, Asimismo, se identificaron a los principales factores de riesgo asociados a la enfermedad constatando entre otros aspectos que los habitantes de estas regiones tienen escaso conocimiento sobre la enfermedad de Chagas; sin embargo están conscientes sobre la aparición de enfermedades extrañas en estas regiones debido a las variaciones climatológicas detectadas en los últimos años y evidencian su preocupación sobre los efectos negativos del cambio climático.
The present study is part of the project PIAACC.UMSA.01 Search for New Endemic Areas of Chagas Disease in the Bolivian Amazon as an effect of Climate Change, which has allowed us to carry out the epidemiological - serological and molecular study of Chagas disease in asymptomatic people living in six regions of the Bolivian Amazon: Riberalta; Guayaramerín; Cobija; Trinidad; San Joaquín and San Borja, who in their majority belonged to the diverse indigenous towns, affected by the poverty. Clinical exploration and serological and molecular diagnostic tests of Chagas disease were performed on the population of each region at no cost. The participation of the people was coordinated with the Central de Pueblos Indígenas del Beni (Central de Pueblos Indígenas del Beni) and by signing the informed consent all the volunteer participants were submitted to the study. A total of 338 samples were processed with the ELISA serological tests; HAI and IFI and the molecular test of the PCR at the end point. The seropositivity was 6.2% (21 cases) and the PCR was positive in 3.8% (13 cases). Of the total positive Chagas cases, 42% were cases of migrants from endemic regions such as Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, Chuquisaca and Yungas de La Paz. Likewise, the main risk factors associated with the disease were identified, noting among other aspects that inhabitants of these regions have little knowledge about Chagas disease; however, they are aware of the appearance of strange diseases in these regions due to the climatic variations detected in recent years and evidence their concern about the negative effects of climate change.
Assuntos
Humanos , Mudança Climática , Doença de Chagas , Pobreza , Voluntários , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Ecossistema Amazônico , Povos Indígenas , Consentimento Livre e EsclarecidoRESUMO
El presente estudio es parte del proyecto PIA-ACC.UMSA.01 Búsqueda de Nuevas Zonas Endémicas de la Enfermedad de Chagas en la Amazonía Boliviana como efecto del Cambio Climático, el cual nos ha permitido realizar el estudio epidemiológico - serológico y molecular de la enfermedad de Chagas en personas asintomáticas habitantes de seis regiones de la Amazonía Boliviana: Riberalta; Guayaramerín; Cobija; Trinidad; San Joaquín y San Borja, quienes en su mayoría pertenecían a los diversos pueblos indígenas, afectados por la pobreza. La exploración clínica y las pruebas de diagnóstico serológico y molecular de la enfermedad de Chagas se realizaron a la población de cada región sin costo. La participación de la gente fue coordinada con la Central de Pueblos Indígenas del Beni y mediante la firma del consentimiento informado se sometieron al estudio todos los participantes voluntarios. Un total de 338 muestras fueron procesadas con las pruebas serológicas de ELISA; HAI e IFI y la prueba molecular de la PCR en punto final. La seropositividad fue del 6,2% (21 casos) y la PCR fue positiva en 3,8% (13 casos). Del total de casos Chagas positivo, el 42% fueron casos de migrantes de regiones endémicas como Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, Chuquisaca y Yungas de La Paz, Asimismo, se identificaron a los principales factores de riesgo asociados a la enfermedad constatando entre otros aspectos que los habitantes de estas regiones tienen escaso conocimiento sobre la enfermedad de Chagas; sin embargo están conscientes sobre la aparición de enfermedades extrañas en estas regiones debido a las variaciones climatológicas detectadas en los últimos años y evidencian su preocupación sobre los efectos negativos del cambio climático
The present study is part of the project PIA-ACC.UMSA.01 Search for New Endemic Areas of Chagas Disease in the Bolivian Amazon as an effect of Climate Change, which has allowed us to carry out the epidemiological - serological and molecular study of Chagas disease in asymptomatic people living in six regions of the Bolivian Amazon: Riberalta; Guayaramerín; Cobija; Trinidad; San Joaquín and San Borja, who in their majority belonged to the diverse indigenous towns, affected by the poverty. Clinical exploration and serological and molecular diagnostic tests of Chagas disease were performed on the population of each region at no cost. The participation of the people was coordinated with the Central de Pueblos Indígenas del Beni (Central de Pueblos Indígenas del Beni) and by signing the informed consent all the volunteer participants were submitted to the study. A total of 338 samples were processed with the ELISA serological tests; HAI and IFI and the molecular test of the PCR at the end point. The seropositivity was 6.2% (21 cases) and the PCR was positive in 3.8% (13 cases). Of the total positive Chagas cases, 42% were cases of migrants from endemic regions such as Cochabamba, Santa Cruz, Chuquisaca and Yungas de La Paz. Likewise, the main risk factors associated with the disease were identified, noting among other aspects that inhabitants of these regions have little knowledge about Chagas disease; however, they are aware of the appearance of strange diseases in these regions due to the climatic variations detected in recent years and evidence their concern about the negative effects of climate change.