Evaluating the Performance of UV Disinfection across the 222-365 nm Spectrum against Aerosolized Bacteria and Viruses.

Bioaerosols play a significant role in the transmission of many infectious diseases, especially in enclosed indoor environments. Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection has demonstrated a high efficacy in inactivating microorganisms suspended in the air. To develop more effective and efficient UV disinfection protocols, it is necessary to evaluate and optimize the effectiveness of UV disinfection against aerosolized bacteria and viruses across the entire UV spectrum. In this study, we evaluated the performance of UV disinfection across the UV spectrum, ranging from 222 to 365 nm, against aerosolized bacteria and viruses, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Salmonella enterica, MS2, P22, and Phi6. Six commonly available UV sources, including gas discharge tubes and light-emitting diodes with different emission spectra, were utilized, and their performance in terms of inactivation efficacy, action spectrum, and energy efficiency was determined. Among these UV sources, the krypton chloride excilamp emitting at a peak wavelength of 222 nm was the most efficient in inactivating viral bioaerosols. A low-pressure mercury lamp emitting at 254 nm performed well on both inactivation efficacy and energy efficiency. A UV light-emitting diode emitting at 268 nm demonstrated the highest bacterial inactivation efficacy, but required approximately 10 times more energy to achieve an equivalent inactivation level compared with that of the krypton chloride excilamp and low-pressure mercury lamp. This study provides insights into UV inactivation on bioaerosols, which can guide the development of effective wavelength-targeted UV air disinfection technologies and may significantly help reduce bioaerosol transmission in public areas.

Manipulation of the photoluminescence of lead halide perovskite quantum dots with mechanically reconfigurable 3D photonic crystals.

Reconfigurable 3D photonic crystals (3DPCs) are promising for dynamic emission devices, owing to their unique properties. Here, we integrated the perovskite quantum dot film together with 3D reconfigurable photonic crystals (PCs) to form quantum dot/photonic crystal heterostructures and investigated their interactions at their interfaces. The photonic bandgaps of the presented 3DPCs can be dynamically tuned by heating and applying external mechanical forces, and they can be stably fixed in the intermediate states. By tuning the photonic bandgaps of the 3DPCs, a maximum photoluminescence (PL) enhancement of 11 times that of CsPb(I/Br)3 quantum dots has been achieved. It has been revealed that the combined effects of increased density of photon states and the greatly confined and enhanced electric field on the upper surface of 3DPCs contribute to the enhanced Purcell effect, which in turn leads to the enhanced photoluminescence.

[Effects of whole-course multimodal analgesia on postoperative pain and rapid recovery in elderly patients with urological tumors].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of whole-course multimodal analgesia on postoperative pain and rapid recovery in elderly patients undergoing radical resection of urological tumors. Methods: The 132 geriatric patients (aged≥65 years) with urological tumors undergone laparoscopic surgery in Peking University Third Hospital from January to June 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into three groups based on the perioperative analgesia protocol. Group C [n=54, 45 males and 9 females, aged 72 (68, 76) years]: patients were treated with local anesthetic wounds infiltration (LAWI) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Group P [n=36, 26 males and 10 females, aged 70 (67, 72) years]: patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) on the basis of LAWI and NSAIDs. Group M [n=42, 30 males and 12 females, aged 70 (68, 73) years]: patients received whole-course multimodal analgesia, including peripheral nerve block (PNB) preoperatively and PCIA+NSAIDs for postoperative analgesia. The postoperative resting pain (numerical rating scale, NRS) on postoperative day 1 and 2, the rate of demand for analgesic rescue and sleep aid medication, the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting within 48 hours after surgery were collected and analyzed. Postoperative recovery conditions included the laboratory indicators within 24 hours after surgery, the defecation time, the drainage tube removal time, the activities of daily living (ADL) score at discharge, the postoperative complications and the length of hospital stay. Results: The resting NRS [M (Q1, Q3)] on the 1st and 2nd day postoperatively for patients in group M were 2 (1, 3) and 1 (0, 2) respectively. In contrast, patients in group C had NRS of 4 (3, 5) and 2 (1, 4), while those in group P had scores of 3 (2, 4) and 2 (1, 3). Compared with group C and group P, the resting NRS of patients in group M was significantly decreased (all P<0.001). The incidence of resting NRS≥4 in group M on the 1st and 2nd day postoperatively were 23.8% (10/42) and 11.9% (5/42) respectively, which were lower than those of 51.9% (28/54), 35.2% (19/54) in group C and 33.3%(14/36), 16.7% (7/36) in group P (all P<0.05). The demand rate for analgesic rescue and sleep aid medication within 48 hours after surgery, the incidence of postoperative complications and the postoperative hospital stay were 47.6% (20/42), 9.5% (4/42), 21.4% (9/42), and 5 (4, 6) d in group M, which were lower than those of 72.2% (39/54), 29.6% (16/54), 46.3% (25/54), 6 (5, 9) in group C, and 66.7% (24/36), 27.8% (10/36), 27.8% (10/36), 6 (5, 7) in group P (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting, the laboratory indicators within 24 hours after surgery, the defecation time, the drainage tube removal time, the ADL score and the length of hospital stay among three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion: For elderly patients with urological tumors undergoing radical surgery, whole-course multimodal analgesia can improve postoperative pain within 48 hours, reduce postoperative complications, shorten postoperative hospital stay, and accelerate patient recovery.

[Granulomatous disease with liver injury as the main manifestation].

Hepatic granuloma is a kind of disease caused by both infection or non-infection etiologies, and it is found in approximately 2% to 15% of liver biopsies. Some of which could be identified by the pathological morphology. This article reviews the common etiology, pathological manifestations, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of hepatic granuloma, which is hopeful to improve clinicians' and pathologists' awareness.

[Construction of Tianjin occupational disease prevention and control ability assessment system based on Delphi method].

Objective: To establish a systematic, scientific, reasonable, feasible and reliable evaluation system for occupational disease prevention and control capability, in order to provide reference for occupational disease prevention and control work in Tianjin City. Methods: In August 2022, literature review was conducted to propose indicators for the evaluation system. Two rounds of anonymous consultation with occupational health experts were conducted using the Delphi method to form expert opinions. According to the boundary value method and expert opinions, eliminate, screen, and modify the evaluation system indicators to ultimately determine the system indicators. Use Cronbach's alpha to test the reliability of the system indicators and form a Tianjin occupational disease prevention and control capability evaluation system. Results: It showed that the effective response rates of the two rounds of consultation conducted by experts in this study were 92.3% and 100.0%, respectively. The expert authority coefficients were 0.84 and 0.82, respectively. The Kendall coordination coefficient was tested for differences, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The Tianjin occupational disease prevention and control capability evaluation system includes 7 primary indicators, 17 secondary indicators, and 54 tertiary indicators. The Cronbach's alpha of the primary, second, third level indicators and all indicators were 0.91, 0.98, 0.98, 0.98 (>0.7) . Conclusion: The preliminary evaluation system for occupational disease prevention and control capacity in Tianjin City has been established, providing a reference basis for the investigation of occupational disease prevention and control capacity in Tianjin City.

[The characteristics of plasma lipids in silicosis rat models were studied based on lipid metabolomics].

Objective: To screen the differential metabolites and metabolic pathways in silicosis model by analyzing plasma metabolomics of silicosis rats. Methods: In May 2021, twenty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (C), 1-week silicosis group (S1W), 2-week silicosis group (S2W) and 4-week silicosis group (S4W), with 5 rats in each group. Rats were intratracheally instillated with 1ml crystalline SiO(2) suspension (50 mg/ml) or normal saline and were sacrificed after 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks, HE staining was used to observe the lung pathology of rats. The plasma samples were analyzed by UPLC-IMS-QTOF mass spectrometer to screen out potential differential metabolites in silicosis models and analyze their lipid enrichment. Results: HE results showed that nodules formed in the silicosis model group, and with the extension of time, nodules gradually increased and alveolar structure was gradually destroyed. Metabolomics screened out 14 differential metabolites in S1W, 24 in S2W, and 28 in S4W, and found that the differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the metabolism of glycerophospholipid metabolism, fatty acid degradation, Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) -anchor biosynthesis, fatty acid elongation and other metabolic pathways. Conclusion: There are significant changes in plasma lipid metabolites in silicosis rat models.

Three-dimensional chiral metasurfaces for circular-polarized anomalous beam steering.

Metasurfaces offer unprecedented possibilities for developing versatile ultracompact photonic devices with unique functions, e.g., for linear- or circular-polarized light beam steering. Here we report a three-dimensional (3D) chiral metasurface for phase controlling and beam steering, which consists of periodically arranged double-layer circular arc chiral nanostructures. By tuning the central angle of the lower circular arc, the left- and right-circularly polarized light (LCP and RCP) induce different spatial phases, which have been designed as a beam steering device to realize the abnormal reflection of LCP and the mirror reflection of RCP in the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum from 900 nm to 1150 nm, providing a potential device for chiral molecule detection.

[Association of skin lesion severity with clinical features of psoriatic arthritis].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between psoriasis severity and clinical features in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Methods: Patients were recruited from the Chinese REgistry of Psoriatic ARthritis (CREPAR) between December 2018 and June 2021, and data were collected including the baseline demographic characteristics, various clinical manifestations (including arthritis, nail disease, comorbidities), laboratory tests[including erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP)], health assessment questionnaire (HAQ). Body surface area (BSA) and psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) were selected for the tools of assessment of cutaneous psoriasis. Patients were divided to two groups, including the severe psoriasis group (BSA>10%) and the non-severe psoriasis group (BSA≤10%). Disease assessment included ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score (ASDAS), disease activity score 28 (DAS28) and disease activity in psoriatic arthritis (DAPSA). Results: 1 074 eligible patients with PsA were recruited, and 106 (9.9%) had severe psoriasis. Compared with non-severe psoriasis group, the severe psoriasis group had more peripheral joint involvement (including patients with ever or current peripheral arthritis, 94.3% vs. 85.6%), more polyarticular joint involvement (including patients with current peripheral arthritis, 74.0% vs. 58.2%), more axial joint involvement (51.4% vs. 39.9%), more nail disease (72.6% vs. 61.4%), more frequency of smoking (20.2% vs. 18.7%), and higher proportion of hypertension (23.4% vs. 14.4%). In addition, the severe psoriasis group had higher level of ESR [33(10, 70) mm/1h vs. 20(9, 38) mm/1h] and CRP [18.6(5.0, 60.8) mg/L vs. 7.0(2.4, 18.1) mg/L], higher values of DAS28-ESR (4.5±1.7 vs. 3.7±1.5), DAS28-CRP (4.2±1.5 vs. 3.4±1.4), ASDAS-ESR (3.5±1.4 vs. 2.6±1.2), and ASDAS-CRP(3.4±1.6 vs. 2.5±1.2), higher scores of HAQ [0.6(0.1, 1.0) vs. 0.3(0.0, 0.8)]. Conclusion: Patients with PsA with severe psoriasis bore a heavier disease burden. Therefore, clinicians were supposed to pay more attention to them. In addition to skin lesions, they should also focus on examination of other clinical manifestations, such as joints and nails.

[The incidence of myopia and myopic progression from 2019 to 2020 in school-age children in Zhuozhou].

Objective: To analyze the changes in refractive status and prevalence of myopia in 6-to 14-year-old children at 2 time points in Zhuozhou, Hebei Province. Methods: In the current cohort study, the visual acuity and refractive status of primary and secondary school students aged 6 to 14 years were examined from June to August 2019 and reexamined from June to August 2020. A total of 30 412 subjects with examination data were enrolled, including 15 861 males (52.2%) and 14 551 females (47.8%), with an average age of (10.0±2.7) years. The participants underwent autorefraction without cycloplegia and a naked eye visual acuity test with a standard logarithmic visual acuity chart. Myopia was screened by the standard of equivalent spherical refraction less than -0.75 diopter (D). The categorical data were analyzed by the Chi-square or Fisher's exact test. Clopper-Pearson was used to estimate the 95% confidence intervals for the incidence of myopia. Results: After the 1-year interval, the change of equivalent spherical refraction was(-0.67±1.11) D and(-0.76±1.11) D, respectively, in male and female participants, and their visual acuity decreased by 0.11±0.19 and 0.12±0.21, respectively. There were significant inter-group differences in the annual change of spherical power in different age groups (χ²=276.23, P<0.001). The naked eye visual acuity reduction was greatest in the 10-year-old students. The incidence of myopia was 42.2% (95% confidence intervals of 41.47% to 42.93%) during the 1-year follow-up period. The incidence of myopia was highest at the age of 14 (52.0% in males and 54.2% in females) and lowest at the age of 6 (31.0% in males and 33.1% in females). Conclusions: The 1-year follow-up revealed an obvious myopic shift in the refractive status of school students in Zhuozhou, with their naked eye visual acuity decreased. The incidence of myopia was higher in females than that in males.

[Predictive value of left ventricular ejection fraction for the occurrence of postoperative myocardial infarction after coronary endarterectomy in patients with diffuse coronary artery disease].

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of ejection fraction for the postoperative myocardial infarction after coronary endarterectomy (CE) in patients with diffuse coronary artery disease (DCAD). Methods: Patients who underwent cardiac artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and CE in Beijing Anzhen Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from May 2018 to December 2020 were enrolled in this prospective observational study. Baseline features including age, sex and echocardiography parameters were obtained. Left ventricular ejection fraction(EF) was measured by echocardiography. The patients were divided into postoperative myocardial infarction (PMI) group and non-PMI group according to PMI occurrence. Linear regression analysis, logistic regression model, and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve were used to analyze the correlation between left ventricular ejection fraction and PMI and the influencing factors. Results: A total of 120 patients were enrolled in the study. There were 32 patients (27%) in the PMI group (male 27(84%), age (62±8)), inferior myocardial infarction occurred in 24 (75%) patients. There were 88 patients (73%) in the non-PMI group (male 70(80%), age (62±8)). EF (55% (49%, 64%) vs. 62% (55%, 67%), P=0.01) was significantly lower in the PMI group than in the non-PMI group. Perioperative TNI, IABP use and length of hospitalization were significantly higher in the PMI group than in the non-PMI group. Multivariate logistic regression showed that lower EF was an independent risk factor of PMI (OR=0.93, 95%CI: 0.89-0.98, P=0.01) after adjusting age, sex and body mass index. ROC curve analysis showed that EF<60% could sufficiently predict the occurrence of PMI (AUC= 0.67, sensitivity 64%, specificity 69%, P=0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (OR=-0.52, 95%CI:-1.13-0.60, P<0.001), graft flow in left anterior descending (OR=-0.20, 95%CI:-0.15-0.01, P=0.02) and history of diabetes (OR=-0.28, 95%CI:-8.25-1.85, P=0.002) were negatively correlated with preoperative EF value. Conclusion: Lower preoperative EF is an independent risk factor for PMI after CABG and CE in DCAD patients, closely related to the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, graft flow in left anterior descending artery and diabetes mellitus.

[Clinical characteristics and long-term follow-up results of radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of ventricular tachycardia in patients with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy].

Objective: To investigate the acute and long-term outcome of catheter ablation for the treatment of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy (ALVC). Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study enrolled ALVC patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of VT at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2011 to December 2018 and collected their clinical characteristics and intraoperative electrophysiological examination. Patients were followed up every 6 months after radiofrequency ablation until August 2021. Echocardiographic results and VT recurrence post radiofrequency ablation were analysed. Results: Totally 12 patients were enrolled (mean age: (42±15) years, 11 males(11/12)). The mean of left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVDd) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were (51±5)mm and (65±5)%, respectively. Twelve VTs were induced in 10 patients during the electrophysiological study, and the mean tachycardia cycle length was (293±65) ms. Three-dimensional substrate mapping revealed the diseased area at endocardial site in one patient, at epicardial sites in the other 11 patients (involved endocardial sites in 2 cases) with the basal part near the mitral annulus being the predilection for the substrate (10/11). After the catheter ablation at the endocardial and epicardial sites respectively, the complete procedure endpoint was achieved in all patients (VT cannot be induced post ablation). The median follow-up time was 65 (25, 123) months. One patient was lost to follow-up, and the other 11 patients survived without VT. No significant cardiac function deterioration was detected by the echocardiographic examination ((51±5)mm vs. (52±5)mm, P>0.05 for LVDd, (65±5)% vs. (60±6)%, P>0.05 for LVEF) at the end of follow-up. Conclusion: After radiofrequency ablation, the complete procedure endpoint is achieved in ALVC patients, and the catheter ablation provides long-term ventricular tachycardia control during the long-term follow-up.

Improve optical properties by modifying Ag nanoparticles on a razor clam SERS substrate.

Irregular substrates are inappropriate for enhancing surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) due to their poor performances in terms of uniformity, enhancement performance, and polarization characteristics. However, in this work, we purposely employed a natural biological razor clam material with messy and irregular structures to improve the SERS. The rough surface was achieved by magnetron sputtering Ag nanoislands on the prism layer of the razor clams, and the Ag nanoparticles were treated using the method of oil-water interface self-assembly to form relatively uniform structures. Compared to the substrate without Ag nanoparticles, the presented substrate has better reproducibility, polarization-independence, and higher SERS intensity, and the detect limitation of R6G can be decreased from 10-12 M to 10-18 M. The ultrasensitive detection of thiram gives our structures potential for high sensitivity biosensors.

[Twelve-week of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir therapeutic regimen for chronic hepatitis C patients in northwest region of China: a real-world multicenter clinical study].

Objective: To study the real-world outcome of China FDA-approved Sofosbuvir (SOF)/Velpatasvir (VEL) in Northwest China. Methods: In this multicenter, prospective, real-world cohort study, we recruited patients from 10 sites from Northwest China, who were chronically infected with HCV GTs 1-6 from 06/2018 to 09/2019. Patients received SOF (400mg)/VEL (100mg) for 12 weeks, and with ribavirin 900-1200 mg for GT3 cirrhosis and for any genotype decompensated cirrhosis. The primary endpoint was sustained virological response at 12-weeks post-treatment (SVR12) and safety. The secondary endpoint was the change of liver function after the achievement of SVR12. Results: Totally, 143 patients were enrolled in the study, four patients were lost to follow-up and one died during the follow-up, 138 patients were included in per-protocol analysis. Of the 138 patients, the mean age 53 years, 53.6% male, 94.2% Han nationality, 53.6% liver cirrhosis, 10.1% HBsAg(+), 6.5% renal dysfunction, 5.1% treatment-experienced, and 16.7% patients received ribavirin treatment. The genotype distribution was as follows: 35.5% GT1, 42.8% GT2, 15.9% GT3, and 5.8% un-typed. The SVR12 rate was 96.5% (138/143, 95%CI: 93.5%-99.6%) for intention-to-treat analysis, and in per-protocol analysis, all 138 patients obtained SVR12 (100%). Compared with baseline, the serum total bilirubin, ALT and AFP levels decreased (all P < 0.05), as well as increased ALB and platelet count (all P < 0.001) at post-treatment 12-weeks. Overall adverse events (AEs) rate is 29.0%, and the most common AEs were anemia (14.5%) and fatigue (8.0%). Severe side effects (edema and fatigue) occurred in 2 patients, one of whom needed a short-term interruption of treatment due to fatigue. Conclusion: In this real-world cohort study, 12-week SOF/VEL regimen with or without ribavirin achieved high SVR12 rates (96.5%-100% overall) with excellent safety profile among patients with HCV GT1/2/3 infection including patients with GT3 and cirrhosis, and led to improvement of liver function.

[Significance of microRNA 216a, 324-5p and 29a expression in peripheral blood in patients with acute pancreatitis and their correlation with liver injury].

Objective: To investigate the significance of microRNA (miR)-216a, miR-324-5p, miR-29a expression in peripheral blood in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and their correlation with liver injury. Methods: It was a case-control study design. To select 130 AP patients admitted from June 2017 to May 2019 in the First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, and the patients were divided into mild AP group (MAP group) and moderately severe AP group (SAP group) according to the disease severity, or 54 patients in the liver injury group (20 were MAP and 34 were SAP) and 76 in the non-liver injury group(all were MAP) according to liver injury. And another 40 healthy volunteers were selected as the healthy group. The expressions of miR-216a, miR-324-5p and miR-29a in peripheral blood of MAP group, SAP group, healthy group and liver injury group, non-liver injury group were compared, and the correlation between the miRNA levels and clinical indexes was analyzed. The predictive value of miRNA levels in peripheral blood for AP complicated with liver injury was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The levels of miR-216a and miR-29a in MAP group and SAP group were higher than those in healthy group, and the level of miR-324-5p was lower than that in healthy group (all P<0.01). The levels of miR-216a and miR-29a in SAP group were higher than those in MAP group, and the level of miR-324-5p was lower than that in healthy group (all P<0.01). Balthazar CT Score, acute physiology and chronic health evaluations (APACHE Ⅱ) score, C-reactive protein level, length of hospital stay were positively correlated with the levels of miR-216a and miR-29a in peripheral blood (all P<0.05), and negatively correlated with the levels of miR-324-5p (P<0.05). The levels of miR-216a and miR-29a in the peripheral blood in the liver injury group were higher than those in the non-liver injury group, and they were higher inSAP patients than those in MAP patients in the liver injury group (all P<0.05). The level of miR-324-5p in the peripheral blood in the liver injury group was lower than that in the non-liver injury group, and it was lower in SAP patients than that in MAP patientsin the liver injury group (all P<0.05). The area under ROC curve of miR-216a, miR-324-5p, and miR-29a in peripheral blood to predicate the AP complicated with liver damage was 0.694, 0.750 and 0.814, respectively. Conclusions: The levels of miR-216a and miR-29a increase in peripheral blood and the level of miR-324-5p decreases in patients with AP, and they are closely related to Balthazar CT score, APACHEⅡ score, C-reactive protein and length of hospital stay. The levels of miR-216a, miR-324-5p, miR-29a has certain predictive value for AP with liver injury, of which miR-29a has the highest predictive value.

[Efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib in the salvage treatment of chronic graft versus-host disease].

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of low-dose Ruxolitinib in the treatment of patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) and refractory to the first-line and/or second-line drugs after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Methods: The clinical data was retrospectively analyzed of patients diagnosed with cGVHD in Anhui Provincial Hospital from July 9, 2018 to May 23, 2019. They were refractory to first-line and second-line drugs and were given a low-dose of Ruxolitinib (a dose of 5 mg twice daily if body weight ≥ 25 kg and 2.5 mg twice daily if body weight<25 kg). There was 2.5 mg reduction per week or every two weeks if the condition improved until withdrawal. The efficacy and safety of Ruxolitinib were retrospectively analyzed weekly or biweekly. If the condition improved, the dosage would be reduced by 2.5 mg weekly or biweekly until discontinuance. Results: A total of 47 patients were included in the study,and the median time of taking Ruxolitinib was 55 (21-154) days. The median time of taking effect was 14(7-28) days. The overall response rate was 87.2% (41/47). The complete response rate was 63.8% (30/47) and the partial response rate was 23.4%(11/47). Among them, 13 cases were mild and the overall response rate was 100%(13/13). Twenty one cases were moderate and the overall response rate was 90.5%(19/21). Thirteen cases were severe and the overall response rate was 69.2%(9/13). The highest overall response rate of all organs the was 100% in the gastrointestinal tract (7/7), and it was 95.8%(23/24) for the skin, 83.3%(5/6) for the liver and 76.9%(10/13) for the lung. The highest rate of complete organ response was 95.8% for skin. Eight patients (17%) developed cytopenia, of which 2(4.2%) were with a decrease of 3-4 degree hemoglobin. Recrudescence of cytomegalovirus occurred in 3 patients (6.4%). After withdrawal of Ruxolitinib, 6 patients (12.7%) had recurrence of cGVHD. The median time to relapse was 35.5(7-90) days. All of their conditions were improved after addition of Ruxolitinib. The median time of response was 7(5-14) days. The median follow-up was 208(33-412) days. Three patients(6.4%) died, and all of them died of severe pulmonary infection. Three patients (6.4%) had relapse of primary disease. The 6-month overall survival rate was 95.7%. Conclusion: Low-dose Ruxolitinib has good efficacy and safety in the treatment of cGVHD.

[Correlational analysis of alternation of clinical features of intrahepatic lymphocyte subsets with HBV virology and liver fibrosis in HBV-Tg composite CCl(4) mice model].

Objective: To observe the alteration of clinical features of intrahepatic lymphocyte subsets in C57BL/6N-TG (1.28HBV)/Vst hepatitis B virus (HBV) transgenic mice composite carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) with intraperitoneal injection under the background of hepatitis B to induce liver fibrosis mice model, and analyze their correlation with serum HBV DNA and liver tissue hydroxyproline (Hyp) content. Methods: HBV-Tg mice were intraperitoneally injected with 10% CCl(4) to induce the rapid formation of hepatic fibrosis. Serum HBV DNA, HBsAg, HBeAg levels and liver tissue HBsAg expressional conditions were used to evaluate the virological characteristics of mice model. The degree of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in mice were observed by HE, Sirius Red staining and liver tissue hydroxyproline (Hyp) content. Intrahepatic T lymphocyte, B lymphocyte, CD4+T lymphocyte, CD8+T lymphocyte, natural killer (NK) cell and natural killer T (NKT) cells distribution were observed by flow cytometry. One-way analysis of variance was used for intergroup data comparison, and LSD was used for pairwise comparison. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the above lymphocyte subsets and serum HBV DNA and liver tissue Hyp content. Results: Serum HBsAg, HBeAg and liver tissue HBsAg had equal positive expression in the HBV-Tg composite CCl(4) mice model group, and the serum HBV DNA load was > 1 × 10(6) IU / ml. Compared with the wild-type control group, liver tissue Hyp content of the composite model group was significantly higher [(196.39 ± 38.14) µg /g and (347.67 ± 59.53) µ g/g, P < 0.01). The degree of inflammation and fibrosis in liver tissues was aggravated, and the proportion of all intrahepatic CD4+T, NK and NKT cells was significantly reduced (P < 0.01), while the proportion of CD8+T lymphocytes (30.58% ± 2.89% vs. 46.50% ± 2.24%, P < 0.01) and B lymphocytes (28.82% ± 2.24% vs. 37.10% ± 8.59%, P < 0.05) was significantly increased. Serum HBV DNA level was positively correlated with the proportion of intrahepatic T lymphocytes (r = 0.413, P < 0.05), and negatively correlated with the proportion of NK cells (r = -0.419, P < 0.05). Liver tissue Hyp content was negatively correlated with the proportion of all CD4+T lymphocytes (r = -0.871), NK cells (r = -0.716), and NKT cells (r = -0.876) (all P < 0.01), and positively correlated with the proportion of all CD8 + T lymphocytes (r = 0.852), and B lymphocytes (r = 0.593) (all P < 0.01). Conclusion: HBV-Tg composite CCl4 mice model can induce positive HBV virological indicators, liver inflammation and fibrosis in mice model of hepatitis B coexisting with fibrosis. This model has the features of immune disorder of liver lymphocyte similar to human disease, and the immune disorder of intrahepatic lymphocytes is correlated with HBV viral load and liver fibrosis degree.

[The key points to comprehend the pelvic fascia].

Pelvic fascia is considered to be one controversial human anatomic structure. According to the characteristics of specialized surgery, colorectal surgeons, gynecologic surgeons and urologic surgeons respectively marked the pelvic fascia, but the naming is not unified. For some specific anatomic structures (such as pelvic plexus), different scholars have different descriptions of their positions. The lack of standard anatomic terms makes it difficult to understand the corresponding anatomic structures, and also hinders the communication between disciplines. Combined with autopsy research, surgical observation and literature review, we discussed the common puzzles of pelvic clinical anatomy. The main points of this article are as follows. (1) Urogenital fascia and vesicohypogastric fascia are the components of visceral fascia. (2) The visceral fascia and fascia propria of rectum are two separate layers. (3) The pelvic plexus is located on the outside of the confluence of visceral fascia and Denonvilliers' fascia. (4) To understand the pelvic lateral ligament from the perspective of layers. (5) To understand pelvic fascia from a holistic perspective.

Dynamically manipulating third-harmonic generation of phase change material with gap-plasmon resonators.

Here we theoretically demonstrate a dynamic third-harmonic generation (THG) device by incorporating chalcogenide phase change material (Ge2Sb2Te5) into ultra-small cavities of gap-plasmon resonators. Through coupling to plasmonic resonances, the THG efficiency of Ge2Sb2Te5 is increased up to five orders of magnitude due to the greatly enhanced electromagnetic fields within the ultra-small cavities. More interestingly, the THG signals of the proposed device can be dynamically switched on and off by tuning the phase states of Ge2Sb2Te5 between amorphous and crystalline. Our proposed dynamic THG nanostructures are beneficial to developing dynamic nonlinear nanophotonic devices.

Connect the Thermodynamics of Bulk and Confined Fluids: Confinement-Adsorption Scaling.

A fluid (a gas or a liquid) adsorbed in a porous material can behave very differently from its bulk counterpart. The advent of various synthesized materials with nanopores and their wide applications have provided strong impetus for studying fluids in confinement because our current understanding is still incomplete. From a large number of Monte Carlo simulations, we found a scaling relation that allows for connecting some thermodynamic properties (chemical potential, free energy per particle, and grand potential per particle) of a confined fluid to the bulk ones. Upon rescaling the adsorbed fluid density, the adsorption isotherms for many different confining environments collapse to the corresponding bulk curve. We also reveal the intimate connection of the reported scaling relation to Gibbs theory of inhomogeneous fluids and morphological thermodynamics. The advance in our understanding of confined fluids, gained from this study, also opens attractive perspectives for circumventing experimental difficulty for directly measuring some fluid thermodynamic properties in nanoporous materials.

[An analysis on incidence of HIV-1 epidemics among men who have sex with men in Sichuan Province during 2011-2015].

The assay was used in HIV/AIDS surveillance sentinel sites to identify recent HIV-1 infection, to estimate HIV-1 incidence and understand the epidemic trends among men who have sex with men during 2011-2015. During 2011-2015, the HIV-1 incidence of men who have sex with men was 5.16%(95%CI: 4.65%-5.66%) in Sichuan Province. According to, a total of 9 cities had been divided into two type of regions: the first type(the proportion of live HIV/AIDS accounts for more than 0.1% of the permanent population, and the number of live HIV/AIDS has reached 500 cases and above) and the second type(the proportion of live HIV/AIDS accounts for 0.03% to 0.100% of the permanent population, and the number of live HIV/AIDS has reached 100-500 cases). During 2011-2015, the HIV-1 incidence of the second type was 4.24% (95%CI: 3.72%-4.76%). The HIV-1 incidence of men who have sex with men was at a high level. The spread of HIV-1 to the second region was possible.