4'-Formyl-biphenyl-4-yl acetate.

In the title compound, C(15)H(12)O(3), the dihedral angle between the six-membered rings is 30.39 (1)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.

6-Formyl-2-naphthyl cis-1,5,7-trimethyl-2,4-dioxo-3-aza-bicyclo-[3.3.1]nonane-7-carboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C(23)H(23)NO(5), the C(5)N ring adopts an envelope conformation with a C atom as the flap, whilst the saturated C(6) ring fused to it adopts a chair conformation. In the crystal, inversion dimers linked by pairs of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate R(2) (2)(8) loops.

[Determination of trace elements in edible cactus by atomic absorption spectrometry].

The contents of 10 trace elements in edible cactus were determined by air-acetylene flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The sample was dissolved by ashing method. The experiment conditions were optimized by preparing mixed standard solution of these elements and adding LaCl3 and CsCl for interfering complements. The results show that the contents of following elements in the cactus are: 13-47 mg x g(-1) for Mg, K and Ca; 108-243 microg x g(-1) for Zn, Mn, Fe and Na; 34.8 microg x g(-1) for Cu, and 9.8-11.7 micro x g(-1) for Ni, Sr; and the contents of Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Mn, Fe, Na and Cu are higher than those in carrot.

Characteristics of aerobic granules grown on glucose a sequential batch shaking reactor.

Aerobic heterotrophic granular sludge was cultivated in a sequencing batch shaking reactor (SBSR) in which a synthetic wastewater containing glucose as carbon source was fed. The characteristics of the aerobic granules were investigated. Compared with the conventional activated sludge flocs, the aerobic granules exhibit excellent physical characteristics in terms of settleability, size, shape, biomass density, and physical strength. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that in mature granules little filamentous bacteria could be found, rod-shaped and coccoid bacteria were the dominant microorganisms.