RESUMO
Objective: To explore the clinical manifestations, dynamic neuroimaging changes and brain histopathologic characteristics of a patient with delayed encephalopathy after heat stroke. Methods: In October 2019, the clinical manifestations, electroencephalogram, cerebrospinal fluid, imaging changes and brain histopathological characteristics of a patient with brain damage caused by heat stroke were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The patient was a 40-year-old male who suddenly appeared dizziness, unconscious, high fever when working in the high temperature environment. The EEG showed diffuse slow wave activity. Early CT was normal, and abnormal signals gradually appeared in the basal ganglia region of the thalamus after a few days. In the late, the MRI found a large area of abnormal signals under the cerebral cortex, and white matter was involved. Pathological examination of brain biopsy showed that cortical neuron loss, loose white matter changes, and significant demyelination changes, while no inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in subarachnoid space, meninges, and dermal white matter. Conclusion: Imaging examination dynamic changes of the delayed encephalopathy is important in the heat stroke, and the main pathological manifestation is demyelination.
Assuntos
Encefalopatias , Golpe de Calor , Adulto , Encéfalo , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Skin plays an important role in innate immune responses to bacterial infection, but its molecular mechanism remains unclear in fish. The transcriptional profiling of the skin immune response to Aeromonas hydrophila infection of the zebrafish, Danio rerio (Hamilton), was performed by Affymetrix microarray analysis. The results showed that 538 genes were differentially expressed, of which 388 genes were up-regulated and 150 genes were down-regulated. The expression patterns for 106 representative genes were observed to be up-regulated in zebrafish skin at 24 and 36 h post-infection, and gene expression changes were clearly greater at 36 h. Gene Ontology classification indicated that 222 genes were significantly associated with the skin immunity, including complement activation, acute-phase response, stress response, chemotaxis and apoptosis. Further Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that the significant pathways included MAPK, p53, Wnt, TGF-ß, Notch, ErbB, JAK-STAT, VEGF, mTOR and Calcium signalling in skin immune responses, and several genes (e.g. akt2l, frap1, nras, rac1, xiap) were found to be involved in signalling networks. Moreover, expression changes in nine selected genes were verified by real-time qPCR analysis. This is the first known report on transcriptome analysis in the skin of zebrafish against the pathogen A. hydrophila.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Peixes/imunologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/imunologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/imunologia , Imunidade Inata/genética , Pele/imunologia , Aeromonas hydrophila/imunologia , Animais , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Peixe-ZebraRESUMO
This study determined whether cutaneous antibodies were present in excised skin explants of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, immune to Scophthalmus maximus rhabdovirus (SMRV). Culture fluid from immune skin explants were assayed by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA), Western blot, indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA) and flow cytometry (FCM). iELISA showed that cutaneous antibody titres were much lower (1:12) than antiserum titres (1:1458) from intraperitoneally immunized grass carp. The phosphoprotein and matrix protein antigens of purified SMRV proteins were recognized by cutaneous antibodies from skin culture fluid using Western blot. The skin culture fluid produced staining signals in viral assembly sites and cytoplasm of SMRV-infected epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells by IFA. FCM showed that 4.39% SMRV-infected EPC cells were detected, while non-specific reaction was seen in 2% of control cells. This is the first description of cutaneous antibodies against SMRV in grass carp.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Carpas/imunologia , Rhabdoviridae/imunologia , Pele/imunologia , Animais , Western Blotting , Carpas/virologia , Linhagem Celular , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Meios de Cultura , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Citometria de Fluxo , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Rhabdoviridae/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas Virais/metabolismo , Vacinas Virais/imunologiaAssuntos
Doenças dos Peixes/imunologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/veterinária , Peixe-Zebra/imunologia , Animais , Proteínas de Peixes/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Imunidade Inata/imunologia , Filogenia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Pele/imunologia , Pele/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/imunologia , Staphylococcus/classificação , Staphylococcus/genética , Staphylococcus/imunologia , Peixe-Zebra/microbiologiaRESUMO
Band structure mutation from an indirect to a direct gap is a well-known character of small hydrogen-terminated [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] silicon nanowires (SiNWs), and suggests the possible emission of silicon. In contrast, we show that hydrogen-terminated [Formula: see text] SiNWs consistently present indirect band gaps even at an extremely small size, according to our calculations using density functional theory. Interestingly, the band gap of [Formula: see text] SiNWs shows a quasi-direct feature as the wire size increases, suggesting the possibility of using medium SiNWs in optoelectronic devices. This result also indicates that the electronic structures of SiNWs are strongly orientation dependent.
RESUMO
We have performed systematic calculations for single vacancies and their related point defects in achiral carbon nanotubes using a tight-binding model. Our calculations clarify that the local structures around single vacancies in such tubes do reconstruct with no constraint. We find that the structural configuration and formation energy of the resulting point defect are dependent on the radius and chirality, as well as the electric properties of a tube. The electronic structures of the single vacancies also depend strongly upon the chirality of the carbon nanotubes.