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1.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol ; 324(1): F75-F90, 2023 01 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36454702

RESUMO

Induction of SRY box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) has been shown to occur in response to kidney injury in rodents, where SOX9-positive cells proliferate and regenerate the proximal tubules of injured kidneys. Additionally, SOX9-positive cells demonstrate a capacity to differentiate toward other nephron segments. Here, we characterized the role of SOX9 in normal and injured human kidneys. SOX9 expression was found to colocalize with a proportion of so-called scattered tubular cells in the uninjured kidney, a cell population previously shown to be involved in kidney injury and regeneration. Following injury and in areas adjacent to inflammatory cell infiltrates, SOX9-positive cells were increased in number. With the use of primary tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) obtained from human kidney tissue, SOX9 expression was spontaneously induced in culture and further increased by transforming growth factor-ß1, whereas it was suppressed by interferon-γ. siRNA-mediated knockdown of SOX9 in PTECs followed by analysis of differential gene expression, immunohistochemical expression, and luciferase promoter assays suggested lamin B receptor (LBR), high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2), and homeodomain interacting protein kinase 3 (HIPK3) as possible target genes of SOX9. Moreover, a kidney explant model was used to demonstrate that only SOX9-positive cells survive the massive injury associated with kidney ischemia and that the surviving SOX9-positive cells spread and repopulate the tubules. Using a wound healing assay, we also showed that SOX9 positively regulated the migratory capacity of PTECs. These findings shed light on the functional and regulatory aspects of SOX9 activation in the human kidney during injury and regeneration.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Recent studies using murine models have shown that SRY box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) is activated during repair of renal tubular cells. In this study, we showed that SOX9-positive cells represent a proportion of scattered tubular cells found in the uninjured human kidney. Furthermore, we suggest that expression of LBR, HMGA2, and HIPK3 is altered by SOX9 in the kidney tubular epithelium, suggesting the involvement of these gene products in kidney injury and regeneration.


Assuntos
Rim , Receptores Citoplasmáticos e Nucleares , Humanos , Camundongos , Animais , Rim/metabolismo , Receptores Citoplasmáticos e Nucleares/metabolismo , Túbulos Renais Proximais/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Túbulos Renais/metabolismo , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição SOX9/metabolismo , Receptor de Lamina B
2.
Financ Res Lett ; 53: 103657, 2023 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36712285

RESUMO

This paper considers the COVID-19 pandemic's role and investigates the impact of non-interest income on bank credit risk. Specifically, it performs a comparative analysis between before and during the pandemic periods. The data of listed banks are extracted from the BankFocus for 14 Asian emerging markets. The regression results indicate the positive influence of non-interest income on bank credit risk. Interestingly, the magnitude of the impact is higher in the pre-pandemic period, and it significantly reduces during the pandemic period. This study provides implications for bank practitioners and regulators.

3.
Int J Mol Sci ; 23(8)2022 Apr 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35456984

RESUMO

Despite the multidisciplinary management in the treatment of glioblastomas, the average survival of GBM patients is still 15 months. In recent years, molecular biomarkers have gained more and more importance both in the diagnosis and therapy of glial tumors. At the same time, it has become clear that non neoplastic cells, which constitute about 30% of glioma mass, dramatically influence tumor growth, spread, and recurrence. This is the main reason why, in recent years, scientific research has been focused on understanding the function and the composition of tumor microenvironment and its role in gliomagenesis and recurrence. The aim of this review is to summarize the most recent discovery about resident microglia, tumor-associated macrophages, lymphocytes, and the role of extracellular vesicles and their bijective interaction with glioma cells. Moreover, we reported the most recent updates about new therapeutic strategies targeting immune system receptors and soluble factors. Understanding how glioma cells interact with non-neoplastic cells in tumor microenvironment is an essential step to comprehend mechanisms at the base of disease progression and to find new therapeutic strategies for GBM patients. However, no significant results have yet been obtained in studies targeting single molecules/pathways; considering the complex microenvironment, it is likely that only by using multiple therapeutic agents acting on multiple molecular targets can significant results be achieved.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Glioblastoma , Glioma , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Glioblastoma/patologia , Glioma/patologia , Humanos , Macrófagos , Microglia/patologia , Microambiente Tumoral
4.
Int J Mol Sci ; 23(23)2022 Nov 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36498972

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are a major type of cerebrovascular lesions of proven genetic origin that occur in either sporadic (sCCM) or familial (fCCM) forms, the latter being inherited as an autosomal dominant condition linked to loss-of-function mutations in three known CCM genes. In contrast to fCCMs, sCCMs are rarely linked to mutations in CCM genes and are instead commonly and peculiarly associated with developmental venous anomalies (DVAs), suggesting distinct origins and common pathogenic mechanisms. CASE REPORT: A hemorrhagic sCCM in the right frontal lobe of the brain was surgically excised from a symptomatic 3 year old patient, preserving intact and pervious the associated DVA. MRI follow-up examination performed periodically up to 15 years after neurosurgery intervention demonstrated complete removal of the CCM lesion and no residual or relapse signs. However, 18 years after surgery, the patient experienced acute episodes of paresthesia due to a distant recurrence of a new hemorrhagic CCM lesion located within the same area as the previous one. A new surgical intervention was, therefore, necessary, which was again limited to the CCM without affecting the pre-existing DVA. Subsequent follow-up examination by contrast-enhanced MRI evidenced a persistent pattern of signal-intensity abnormalities in the bed of the DVA, including hyperintense gliotic areas, suggesting chronic inflammatory conditions. CONCLUSIONS: This case report highlights the possibility of long-term distant recurrence of hemorrhagic sCCMs associated with a DVA, suggesting that such recurrence is secondary to focal sterile inflammatory conditions generated by the DVA.


Assuntos
Hemangioma Cavernoso do Sistema Nervoso Central , Humanos , Pré-Escolar , Hemangioma Cavernoso do Sistema Nervoso Central/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemangioma Cavernoso do Sistema Nervoso Central/genética , Hemangioma Cavernoso do Sistema Nervoso Central/cirurgia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Encéfalo/patologia , Mutação
5.
Biol Conserv ; 256: 109079, 2021 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34580546

RESUMO

In early 2020, the rapid spread of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) led multiple countries to introduce strict lockdown measures to contain the pandemic. Movement restrictions may have influenced the ability of the public to contribute to citizen science projects. We investigated how stay-at-home orders affected data submitted by birdwatchers in Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom (UK) to a widely-used citizen science platform, iNaturalist, depending on whether observations were collected in urban or non-urban areas. We found significant trends in the daily number of observations in all three countries, indicating a surge in urban observation during lockdowns. We found an increase in the mean daily number of urban observations during the lockdown in Italy and Spain, compared to previous years. The mean daily number of non-urban observations decreased in Italy and Spain, while remained similar to previous years in the UK. We found a general decrease of new records during the lockdowns both in urban and non-urban areas in all countries. Our results suggest that the citizen science community remained active during the lockdowns and kept reporting birds from home. However, limitations to movements may have hampered the possibility of birdwatchers to explore natural areas and collect new records. Our findings suggest that future research and conservation applications of citizen science data should carefully consider the bias and gaps in data series caused by the pandemic. Furthermore, our study highlights the potential of urban areas for nature activities, such as birdwatching, and its relevance for sustainable urban planning.

6.
Cancer Invest ; 38(4): 228-239, 2020 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32208057

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to characterize both by flow cytometry analysis and immunohistochemistry cervix uteri cells of nulliparous women screened for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in comparison to a group without CIN by using mesenchymal stem cell-like and hematopoietic lineage markers. A significant expression for CD29, CD38, HLA-I, and HLA-II was correlated positively to the CIN degree and it was more relevant in patients positive for human papilloma virus (HPV). Thus, identification and detailed characterization of pluripotent resident in uteri cells could be a promising therapeutic target.


Assuntos
Colo do Útero/citologia , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/patologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/patologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , ADP-Ribosil Ciclase 1/análise , ADP-Ribosil Ciclase 1/imunologia , ADP-Ribosil Ciclase 1/metabolismo , Adulto , Biópsia , Colo do Útero/imunologia , Colo do Útero/patologia , Colo do Útero/virologia , Inibidor p16 de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina/análise , Inibidor p16 de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina/imunologia , Inibidor p16 de Quinase Dependente de Ciclina/metabolismo , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe I/análise , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe I/imunologia , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe I/metabolismo , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II/análise , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II/imunologia , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidade Classe II/metabolismo , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Imunofenotipagem , Integrina beta1/análise , Integrina beta1/imunologia , Integrina beta1/metabolismo , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/análise , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/imunologia , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Gradação de Tumores , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/imunologia , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas/virologia , Papillomaviridae/imunologia , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/imunologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/virologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/imunologia , Displasia do Colo do Útero/virologia
7.
Pediatr Nephrol ; 35(4): 687-693, 2020 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31900633

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: This contribution aims to report and analyze a novel approach for office blood pressure measurement in children. METHODS: Healthy children 5 to 8 years of age were eligible. After 5 minutes rest, 10 unattended blood pressure readings were taken at 3-minute intervals using a validated automated oscillometric device. After discarding outlier values (< 5th or > 95th percentile of the recorded values), the coefficient of variation and the mean of the 10 readings were calculated. The single readings #1 to #10 were compared with this elaborated average of the 10 measurements. RESULTS: Two hundred eighty-one healthy, non-obese children (137 females, 49%), median age 5.7 (IQR 5.3-6.1) years, were analyzed. The median coefficients of variation were 7% (IQR 5-9) for systolic and 4% (IQR 3-6) for diastolic blood pressure. The first 3 measurements were significantly different from the average, while the readings #4 to #10 were not. Based on the average, only nine subjects had a systolic or diastolic blood pressure > 90th centile (n = 3 > 95th percentile). CONCLUSIONS: Although most guidelines advise three blood pressure readings, these findings suggest that in children, office blood pressure measurement might be improved by including ten measurements. In situations of time constraints, the fourth blood pressure reading might be used as a reliable approximation.


Assuntos
Determinação da Pressão Arterial/métodos , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Visita a Consultório Médico/estatística & dados numéricos , Hipertensão do Jaleco Branco/prevenção & controle
8.
BJU Int ; 123(2): 367-372, 2019 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30113756

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of Y-chromosome microdeletions in a multi-ethnic urban population in London, UK. To also determine predictive factors and a clinical threshold for genetic testing in men with Y chromosome microdeletions. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 1473 men that were referred to a tertiary Andrology centre with male factor infertility between July 2004 and December 2016. All had a genetic evaluation, hormonal profile and 2 abnormal semen analyses. Those with abnormal examination findings also had targeted imaging performed. RESULTS: The prevalence of microdeletions was 4% (n = 58) in this study. These microdeletions were partitioned into the following regions: Azoospermia factors (AZF); AZFc (75%), AZFb+c (13.8%), AZFb (6.9%), AZFa (1.7%), and partial AZFa (1.7%). A high follicle-stimulating hormone level (P < 0.001) and a low sperm concentration (P < 0.05) were both found to be significant predictors for the identification of a microdeletion. Testosterone level, luteinising hormone level and testicular volume did not predict the presence of a microdeletion. None of the men with an AZF microdeletion had a sperm concentration of >0.5 million/mL. Lowering the sperm concentration threshold to this level retained the high sensitivity (100%) and increased the specificity (31%). This would produce significant cost savings when compared to the European Academy of Andrology/European Molecular Genetics Quality Network and European Association of Urology guidelines. The surgical sperm retrieval (SSR) rate after microdissection testicular sperm extraction was 33.2% in men with AZFc microdeletion. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of Y-chromosome microdeletions in infertile men appears to vary between populations and countries. A low sperm concentration was a predictive factor (P < 0.05) for identifying microdeletions in infertile males. A threshold for genetic testing of 0.5 million/mL would increase the specificity and lower the relative cost without adversely affecting the sensitivity. The rate of SSR was lower than that previously described in the literature.


Assuntos
Testes Genéticos , Infertilidade Masculina/genética , Infertilidade Masculina/fisiopatologia , Transtornos do Cromossomo Sexual no Desenvolvimento Sexual/genética , Transtornos do Cromossomo Sexual no Desenvolvimento Sexual/fisiopatologia , Contagem de Espermatozoides , Adulto , Deleção Cromossômica , Cromossomos Humanos Y/genética , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/sangue , Testes Genéticos/economia , Humanos , Infertilidade Masculina/sangue , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Aberrações dos Cromossomos Sexuais , Transtornos do Cromossomo Sexual no Desenvolvimento Sexual/sangue , Adulto Jovem
9.
Phys Chem Chem Phys ; 21(38): 21456-21463, 2019 Oct 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31535109

RESUMO

Following the stream of increasing scientific interest in condensed-matter systems under ultra-hydrophobic confinement, the present work reports the first incoherent neutron spin echo assessment of the dynamics of water axially confined inside single-wall carbon nanotubes of diameter d∼ 1.4 nm. At the time scale of nanoseconds, two water populations are retrieved, whose relative proportion matches the one expected for a concentric shell + chain arrangement with cylindrical symmetry. The time dependence of the mean square displacement related to the external component is found to be subdiffusive, with peculiar resemblance to segmental diffusion typical of entangled polymeric systems.

10.
Arch Ital Urol Androl ; 90(4): 260-264, 2019 Jan 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30655636

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Chronic prostatitis (CP)/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) represents a challenge for the urologist, since the therapeutic efficacy does not always result in a satisfactory quality of life for the patients. Often the side effects of the medications used (antiinflammatories, antibiotics, alpha blockers) far outweighs the benefits gained with their admission. The choice of nutraceutical medications is preferred for their effectiveness, that has been accepted and proven by the scientific community, and for the low incidence of side effects. The objective of this study to compare the therapeutic efficacy of the flower pollen extracts (Deprox®) versus Bioflavonoids in terms of reduction of symptoms, and in the average waiting time of the variation of the National Institute of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI), and to evaluate the quality of life improvement of the patients affected by CP/CPPS. METHODS: Among the 68 patients presented with prostatic symptoms to the Hospital "Umberto I" in Rome, Italy between March 2016 and June 2016, 54 patients met the clinical diagnosis of CP/CPPS (class IIIa or IIIb according to the NIH classification). The patients were assigned to either treatment with Deprox® or quercetin based on a randomization scheme previously determined.The NIH- CPSI, IPSS, QoL questionnaires were administered. Every patient underwent bacterial cultures and trans-rectal ultrasound. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant improvement of the NIH-CPSI score and QoL in the Deprox® group (p = < 0.0001 and p = 0.003 respectively). The average waiting time of the variation of the National Institute of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) was statistically significant (p = 0.0019). In the absence of efficacy of the "conventional" medications, which also carries significant side effects, the dietary supplements may represent a valid alternative. CONCLUSIONS: DEPROX® has demonstrated a significant improvement of the symptoms and quality of life of patients diagnosed with by CP/CPPS. Furthermore, there was a statistical difference in the average waiting time of the variation of the NIH-CPSI) score without side effects as compared to the bioflavonoids complex with quercetin.


Assuntos
Flavonoides/uso terapêutico , Dor Pélvica/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Prostatite/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Doença Crônica , Suplementos Nutricionais , Flores , Humanos , Itália , Masculino , Pólen/química , Estudos Prospectivos , Qualidade de Vida , Inquéritos e Questionários , Síndrome , Resultado do Tratamento
11.
Arch Ital Urol Androl ; 90(4): 293-294, 2019 Jan 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30655642

RESUMO

Chondrosarcoma is the second most common malignant tumor of the bone with an incidence of 1 in 200.000 per year. Axial skeleton is frequently involved showing poorer oncological outcomes than appendicular one: human pelvis is a site predilection. It is rarely associated to urinary obstruction but according to its localization, it can be frequently linked to compression of pelvic organs as bladder, prostate or bowel. We describe the case of a 52 years old caucasian male with history of advanced pelvic chondrosarcoma and severe hydronephrosis due to total bladder dislocation.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Ósseas/diagnóstico , Condrossarcoma/diagnóstico , Hidronefrose/etiologia , Ossos Pélvicos/patologia , Neoplasias Ósseas/patologia , Condrossarcoma/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Bexiga Urinária/patologia
12.
Pediatr Endocrinol Rev ; 16(Suppl 1): 33-38, 2018 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30378781

RESUMO

It was initially thought that the growth-promoting effects of GH were exclusively mediated by liver-derived Insulin-like Growth Factor-I (IGF-I). Subsequent studies demonstrated that GH promotes IGF-I synthesis and activity in other organs and in the growth plate. GH has also IGF-I-independent growth-promoting effects. In Igf1 null mice, high circulating GH levels may be responsible for normal chondrocyte proliferation. Furthermore, tibial growth is reduced more in Ghr null mice than in Igf1 null mice, while the body of mice lacking both Ghr and Igf1 is smaller than that of mice lacking Igf1 or Ghr. The increased IGF-II expression in the growth plate in Igf1 null mice suggests that the IGF-I-independent effects of GH may be mediated by IGF-II. The effects of Igf1 receptor (Igf1r) gene deletion in chondrocytes indicate that GH may promote growth directly at the growth plate even when the local effects of IGF-I and IGF-II are abrogated.


Assuntos
Condrogênese , Animais , Desenvolvimento Ósseo , Hormônio do Crescimento , Lâmina de Crescimento , Humanos , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I , Camundongos , Receptores da Somatotropina
13.
Arch Ital Urol Androl ; 89(2): 166-168, 2017 Jun 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28679197

RESUMO

There are very few reported cases of traumatic amputation of the male genitalia due to animal bite. The management involves thorough washout of the wounds, debridement, antibiotic prophylaxis, tetanus and rabies immunization followed by immediate reconstruction or primary wound closure with delayed reconstruction, when immediate reconstruction is not feasible. When immediate reconstruction is not feasible, long-term good functional and cosmetic results are still possible in the majority of cases by performing total phallic reconstruction. In particular, it is now possible to fashion a cosmetically acceptable sensate phallus with incorporated neourethra, to allow the patient to void while standing and to ejaculate, and with enough bulk to allow the insertion of a penile prosthesis to guarantee the rigidity necessary to engage in penetrative sexual intercourse.


Assuntos
Amputação Traumática/cirurgia , Mordeduras e Picadas/cirurgia , Equidae , Prótese de Pênis , Pênis/lesões , Pênis/cirurgia , Animais , Criança , Humanos , Masculino , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos Masculinos/métodos
14.
Arch Ital Urol Androl ; 89(4): 310-312, 2017 Dec 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29473383

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of andrological abnormalities, such as phimosis and foreskin sliding abnormalities among male adolescents, and if these might interfere with sexuality, leading to a later onset of sexual experiences. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between April and May 2015 a prevention campaign in andrology was conducted in an area surrounding Rome, Ostia and the Ladispoli area, among 15-19 year-old students. The screening consisted of a frontal lesson with the students in order to explain and raise the awareness of the most common andrological abnormalities and diseases. Among the routine anamnestic questions, three additional questions were submitted to 18-year-old boys: "Have you ever had sexual intercourse?", "How old were you when you had your first sexual intercourse?" and "Have you consulted a health professional about your genitals?" Finally a detailed clinical examination was performed and the outcome sent to the family and to the General Practitioner (GP). RESULTS: A total of 552 high school students were evaluated. Out of them 131 (23.7%) were at least 18 years old. Among these, 79 (60.3%) said that they had already had full sexual intercourse. The phimosis and foreskin sliding abnormalities had a prevalence of 12.9% within the 18-year-old students, with a significant prevalence among those who hadn't had any sexual intercourse at all, 21.1% vs 7.5% p = 0.023. The age of the complete first sexual experience in the circumcised young men was the same as those without phimosis; 89% of the boys with phimosis hadn't had an andrological examination in the previous years. CONCLUSIONS: Male adolescents with phimosis or preputial sliding abnormalities tend to have a late onset of sexual experiences compared to same aged boys without phimosis. These data support the urgent need of an andrological consultation for all boys at the beginning of, and during, their adolescent period because genital abnormalities may interfere with sexuality. Finally, in order not to confuse effects with causes, we suggest matching a routine genital physical examination in all studies dealing with sexual psychological aspects of male adolescents.


Assuntos
Coito/fisiologia , Prepúcio do Pênis/patologia , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Fimose/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Circuncisão Masculina/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Masculino , Fimose/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Adulto Jovem
18.
Endocr Res ; 41(1): 49-56, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26513277

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of our study were to compare the mitochondrial enzyme activity between obese and non-obese children and to assess the association between mitochondrial DNA content and function and markers of metabolic syndrome. METHODS: Clinical and anthropometric data of obese and normal-weight children ages 2-18 years were collected. We collected buccal swabs for mitochondrial respiratory enzymes (complex I, IV, and Citrate Synthase). In obese children only, serum levels of metabolic parameters and mitochondrial DNA from mononuclear cells were quantitated. RESULTS: We recruited 75 obese and 65 normal-weight children. There was no difference in respiratory complex enzyme activity levels between obese and normal-weight subjects. In obese subjects, mitochondrial to nuclear DNA (mt/nDNA) ratio was significantly correlated with BMI Z-score and BMI percentile (p < 0.05, and p < 0.01, respectively), and the strength of this correlation was proportionate to the degree of obesity. We did not find any association between mt/nDNA ratio and metabolic parameters. We observed a significant positive association between complex IV activity and fasting insulin level (p < 0.05). Finally, fasting insulin explained 45% of the variation in the complex IV activity level (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that mitochondrial DNA content is directly related to obesity, but not to the markers of metabolic syndrome/insulin resistance in children. Longitudinal studies involving larger samples are needed to confirm our findings and help elucidate the relationship between mitochondrial function, adiposity, and insulin resistance.


Assuntos
DNA Mitocondrial/análise , DNA Mitocondrial/fisiologia , Resistência à Insulina/genética , Obesidade Infantil/genética , Adolescente , Biomarcadores/análise , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Peso Corporal Ideal/genética , Masculino
19.
Pediatr Endocrinol Rev ; 13(4): 720-30, 2016 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27464415

RESUMO

Abstract Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a group of seven transcription factors. Upon activation by a variety of stimuli, NF-κB translocates to the nucleus and modulates the expression of target genes involved in cell growth, survival, and death. Previous evidence indicates that NF-κB regulates bone growth and development. We have shown that the NF-κB p65 is expressed in the growth plate and facilitates longitudinal bone growth by inducing chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation and by preventing apoptosis. Furthermore, we have demonstrated in rodents that NF-κB expressed in growth plate chondrocytes mediates the promoting effects of GH and IGF-1 on longitudinal bone growth and growth plate chondrogenesis. Lastly, functional studies carried out in two children with growth failure and GH insensitivity, and affected by two different mutations impairing NF-κB activation, indicate that NF-κB also mediates the growth-promoting effects of GH in humans.


Assuntos
Condrogênese/fisiologia , Lâmina de Crescimento/crescimento & desenvolvimento , NF-kappa B/fisiologia , Desenvolvimento Ósseo/fisiologia , Hormônio do Crescimento/fisiologia , Humanos , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/fisiologia
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