Clinical features and prognostic factors of WHO II and III adult spinal meningiomas: analysis of 25 cases in a single center.

Spinal World Health Organization (WHO) II and III meningiomas are relatively rare, and often associated with great clinical aggressiveness and poor overall survival. There are controversies over factors affecting the prognosis of this disease. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate factors that may affect the therapeutic outcome and prognosis of adult high-grade spinal meningiomas by reviewing the medical records of 25 patients who were surgically treated in our hospital between 2001 and 2014. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic variables relative to patient and tumor characteristics, and treatment modalities. All 25 patients (14 men and 11 women; mean age 46.6 ± 16.1 years) underwent surgical resection. Local recurrence was occurred in 13 (52.0 %) patients, and 10 (40.0 %) patients died during the follow-up periods. The 5-year recurrence rate was 60.0 % and the 5-year survival rate was 68.0 %. The results of statistical analysis suggested that Simpson resection grade and the number of involved segments were prognostic factors related to progression-free survival and that sex, age, preoperative Frankel score, the number of involved segments and WHO grade were closely correlated with survival. Furthermore, we confirmed that the number of involved segments was the major independent factor affecting recurrence of patients with adult spinal high-grade meningiomas, and that sex, age and WHO grade were prognostic factors affecting survival but not recurrence.

Resveratrol glycoside mediates microglial endoplasmic reticulum stress to mitigate LPS-induced sepsis-associated cognitive dysfunction.

BACKGROUND: As a common complication of sepsis, sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is characterized by diffuse brain dysfunction and neurological damage and closely associated with long-term cognitive dysfunction. The dysregulated host response triggered by neurotoxicity of microglia is an important cause of diffuse brain dysfunction in SAE. Resveratrol glycoside has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, there is no evidence whether resveratrol glycoside could alleviate SAE. METHODS: LPS administration was used to induce SAE in mice. Step-down test (SDT) and Morris water maze test (MWM) were performed to evaluate the cognitive function of mice with SAE. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to reveal the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) regulation. Microglia cell line BV-2 was used to validate the effect of resveratrol glycoside on LPS-stimulated ERS in vitro. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, LPS-stimulated mice had decreased cognitive function, but this phenomenon was well reversed by resveratrol glycoside administration, in which the SDT assay showed longer retention time, both in short-term memory (STM) and long-term memory (LTM). Western blot indicated that the expression of ER stress-related protein PERK/CHOP in LPS-stimulated mice were significantly increased, while that in the resveratrol glycoside-treated group were relieved. Furthermore, Immunofluorescence revealed resveratrol glycoside mainly worked on microglia in mediating the ER stress, in which the expression of PERK/CHOP were significantly inhibited in resveratrol glycoside group mice. In vitro, BV2 showed consistent results with the aforementioned. CONCLUSION: Resveratrol glycoside could alleviate the cognitive dysfunction caused by LPS-induced SAE, mainly by inhibiting the ER stress and maintaining the homeostasis of ER function of microglia.