Beyond Anion Template: Polyoxometalate as a Property Influencer in High-Nuclearity Silver Thiolate Cluster.

Two 48-nuclei silver nanocages with similar structures and compositions were synthesized by using Keggin-type polyoxometalates (POMs) BW12 and SiW11Ni as anionic templates. However, their photoluminescence and photocurrent properties showed obvious differences. These results suggest that POMs not only serve as anion templates in constructing silver clusters but also influence their properties.

Facile immobilization of glucose oxidase with Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O for glucose biosensing via smartphone.

A smartphone-based colorimetric platform for facile glucose detection was constructed below. First, glucose oxidase-Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O hybrid microflowers (GOx-HMFs) were facilely synthesized via biomineralization, which can react with glucose and 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine to generate colored product. Next, the color information of product was real-time collected and processed via smartphone to realize accurate glucose detection. The as-constructed colorimetric platform based on GOx-HMFs and smartphone had wide linear range, high sensitivity and good selectivity for glucose detection, moreover, the detection process was convenient and efficient, which provided a new idea for glucose detection.

A smartphone-assisted portable biosensor using laccase-mineral hybrid microflowers for colorimetric determination of epinephrine.

A novel smartphone-assisted portable biosensor based on laccase-mineral hybrid microflowers (La-HMFs) was applied for real-time, accurate and reliable quantification of epinephrine (EP). La-HMFs with flower-like hierarchical nanostructure was synthesized via biomineralization using Cu3(PO4)2⋅3H2O as the mineral. Characterization results revealed laccase molecules as the framework were immobilized within La-HMFs. Smartphone-assisted colorimetric assays showed wide linear detection range (1-400 µM) and favorable anti-interference ability for EP detection, and the detection limit was 0.6 µM. Further, due to the protective effect of Cu3(PO4)2⋅3H2O, the immobilized laccase exhibited good stability and desirable reusability.

Facile synthesis of recyclable laccase-mineral hybrid complexes with enhanced activity and stability for biodegradation of Evans Blue dye.

Two morphologies of laccase-mineral hybrid complexes, i.e., laccase-mineral hybrid nanoflowers (La-HNF) and nanopetals (La-HNP), were synthesized via biomineralization using Cu3 (PO4)2·3H2O as the mineral for Evans Blue (EB) dye biodegradation. XRD patterns and FT-IR spectra results revealed the successful immobilization of laccase via in-situ formed Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O crystals. Compared with free laccase, laccase-mineral hybrid complexes showed higher enzymatic activity due to the activation effect induced by copper ions of Cu3(PO4)2·3H2O, further, the improved kinetic parameters of laccase-mineral hybrid complexes could be ascribed to nanoscale-dispersed laccase molecules within hybrid complexes. For EB dye biodegradation, the reason why the biodegradation efficiency (94.9%) of La-HNF was higher than that (86.8%) of La-HNP could be synergistic effect of immobilized laccase within 3D hierarchical structure of La-HNF. In addition, the optimized biodegradation conditions (pH 4.6 and 40 °C) of La-HNF were obtained, moreover, 93.2% and 48.1% of EB dye were biodegraded by La-HNF after stored for 30 days and reused for 10 cycles, respectively, demonstrating La-HNF have good practicability.