[Modern notions about the role of taurine in the central nervous system].

Literature data concerning modern notions about the role of taurine in the central nervous system are analyzed. Mechanisms of the neuroprotective activity of taurine are described. Evidence showing the effects of taurine as neurotransmitter, neuromodulator, antioxidant, etc. is provided.

[Effect of a new derivative of glutamic and apovincaminic acids on brain metabolism in post-ischemic period].

Neuroprotective properties of the new derivative of glutamic and apovincaminic acids, ethyl -(3-alpha,16-alpha)-eburnamenin-14-carbopxylate of 2-aminopentadionic acid (LHT 1-02) were studied on a model of acute brain ischemia in cats. LHT 1-02 has proved to be more effective than the reference drugs vinpocetin and glycine in preventing the reperfusive damage, which was manifested by decreased postischemic hyperglycemia, activated utilization of oxygen in the brain, and suppressed postischemic metabolic lactate acidosis. Thus, the results of this comparative study show expediency of further investigations of LHT 1 - 02 as a potential neuroprotective drug.

[The comparative investigation of antihypoxia activity of glutamic and N-acetylglutamic acids].

Comparative study of antihypoxic activity of glutamic and N-acetylglutamic acid in doses of 1, 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg was realized. It was experimentally ascertained that the most apparent antihypoxic action of study objects occurs in conditions of hypobaric hypoxia of acetylated derivative of glutamic acid considerably exceeds glutamic acid.

[Effect of magnesium sulfate on characteristics of cerebral hemodynamics under conditions of postischemic brain injury].

Effect of magnesium sulfate (50 and 100 mg/kg) as a corrector of postishemic brain injury has been experimentally studied. It is established that both therapeutic and preventive introduction of magnesium sulfate limits early postishemic hypoperfusion and hypotension.

[Effect of glucosamine sulfate on the analgesic and ulcerogenic activity of ketoprofen].

The effect of glucosamine sulfate on the analgesic properties and ulcerogenic action of ketoprofen has been experimentally studied in the course of drug adminstration in laboratory animals in comparison to the ketoprofen monotherapy. An analysis of the results shows that the combined application of glucosamine sulfate with ketoprofen produces a twofold increase in the analgesic activity of ketoprofen and decreases the drug-induced damage of the stomach mucous membrane. These effects are especially pronounced for the following ratio of components: ketoprofen, 16 or 24 mg/kg; glucosamine sulfate, 125 mg/kg.

[Evaluation of the antihypoxic activity of glycine and its phosphorylated derivative].

The antihypoxant activity of glycine and its phosphorilated derivative AKF 90-7 in doses 1, 20, 50 and 100 mg/kg was studied. AKF 90-7 increases the survival of laboratory animals under the conditions of various hypoxia types. The antihypoxic effect of glycine was the same with the effect of AKF 90-7 in hystotoxic hypoxia, but absent on the model of hemic hypoxia and substantially lower than that of AKF 90-7 on the models of hypercapnic and hypobaric hypoxia.

[Experimental evaluation of the effect of glycine and its phosphorylated derivative on ischemic brain injury].

The effect of glycine and its phosphorylated derivative (AKF 90-7) on the ischemic brain injury in experimental animals has been studied. The therapeutic injection of glycine and AKF 90-7 (50 100 mg/kg) increased the survival of laboratory animals under the conditions of ischemia caused by ligation of the carotid artery. In a dose of 50 mg/kg, AKF 90-7 was more effective than glycine in activating enzymes of the antioxidant system and preventing the formation of lipid peroxidation products.

[Experimental study of the efficacy of apovincaminic acid derivative on the model of reperfusive cerebral damage].

Neuroprotector properties of a new apovincaminic acid derivative (LHT 2 - 02) were studied on a model of acute brain ischemia in cats. LHT 2 - 02 has proved to be more effective than the reference drugs vinpocetin and glycine in preventing the reperfusive damage, which was manifested by decreased postishemic hyperglycemia and suppressed postishemic metabolic lactate acidosis.

[Rhodiola rosea extract for prophylaxis of ischemic cerebral circulation disorder]. / Ekstrakt rodioly rozovoi pri profilaktike ishemicheskikh narushenii mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniia.

It was experimentally established that prophylactic introduction of a Rhodiola Rosea extract prevents the ischemic brain damage development. A course administration of the drug in a dose of 700 mg/kg arrests the development of hyper- and hypoperfusion in cerebral circulation, weakens the postischemic hyperglycemic reaction, lowers oxygen extraction by cerebral tissues, suppresses lactate acidosis, promotes pyruvate participation in metabolic processes inhibits edema swelling, prevents the "calcium paradox" development, and decreases manifestations of the lipid peroxidation processes.

[Brain ischemia induced by gravitational overload]. / Ishemiia golovnogo mozga, vyzvannaia gravitatsionnoi peregruzkoi.

It is suggested that radial gravitational overloads in craniocaudal direction, during which the pressure in meningeal arteries drops to zero, can be used to model the ischemic state. The post-ischemic period is characterized by increasing content of lipid peroxidation products in the venous blood and by violation of the neurological state in rats. This ischemia model, requiring no anaesthesia for the experimental animals, can be used in the directed search for new neuroprotectors and their characterization.

[Neuroprotective properties of pyroglutamic acid in combination with pyrrolidone]. / Neiroprotektornye svoistva piroglutaminovoi kisloty v sochetanii s pirrolidonom.

A new drug composition containing pyroglutamic acid and pyrrolidone produces a significant effect on the cerebral circulation in rats with global recurrent brain ischemia and in a model ischemic state under high radial gravitational overload. In the former case, the new drug increases the blood circulation in rats with the global ischemic damage to a greater extent than in the intact control group. Pretreatment with the pyroglutamic acid--pyrrolidone composition produced a 2-2.5-fold increase in the survival of rats in the ischemic state caused by the radial gravitational overload. The data obtained show evidence of a substantial neuroprotector action of the new drug composition.

[Drainage instruments made of polymers]. / Drenazhnye instrumenty iz polimernykh materialov.

The paper describes the drainage systems developed by the Medinstrument Research Production Association, such as nephropyelostomic catheters, drainage tubes of the Saratoga type, surgical aspiration instruments (tips) made of flexible medical PVC of various modifications. Their testing in the leading clinics of the Russian Federation has shown that the instruments will find a wide application in urological and surgical units. Their use will take some burden from medical personnel and have its therapeutical, social, and economic impact.

[Morphological changes in the small intestine of rats after its temporary exclusion from blood circulation]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia v tonkoi kishke krys posle vremennogo vykliucheniia ee iz krovoobrashchennia

The experiments were performed in 56 albino rats (15of them served as a control. The small intestine was excluded from the blood circulation for 45minutes and then pieces of the proximal and distal parts of the intestine were taken forhistological and histochemical study. It was shown that such a term of anemia resulted indeep but reversible changes in the mucous sheath and in the intramural nervous apparatus of thesmall intestine. The state of the organ wall became normal in 15 days after operation.