PARP1 Gene Knockout Suppresses Expression of DNA Base Excision Repair Genes.

The effect of PARP1 knockout in HEK293 cells on the gene expression of DNA base excision repair (BER) proteins was studied. It was shown that the expression of all differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of BER was reduced by knockout. The expression of the DNA glycosylase gene NEIL1, which is considered to be one of the common "hubs" for binding BER proteins, has changed the most. The expression of genes of auxiliary subunits of DNA polymerases δ and ε is also significantly reduced. The PARP1 gene knockout cell line obtained is an adequate cell model for studying the activity of the BER process in the absence of PARP1 and testing drugs aimed at inhibiting repair processes. It has been found for the first time that knockout of the PARP1 gene results in a significant change in the level of expression of proteins responsible for ribosome biogenesis and the functioning of the proteasome.

Therapy of Chronic Cardiosclerosis in WAG Rats Using Cultures of Cardiovascular Cells Enriched with Cardiac Stem Cell.

We developed a protocol for preparing cardiac cell culture from rat heart enriched with regional stem cells based on clonogenic properties and proliferation in culture in a medium with low serum content. Experiments on WAG rats with experimental ischemic myocardial damage showed that implantation of autologous regional stem cells into the left ventricle reduced the volume of cicatricial tissue, promoted angiogenesis in the damaged zone, and prevented the risk of heart failure development.

Characteristics of cardiac cell cultures derived from human myocardial explants.

Primary cell cultures derived from human myocardial explants were obtained and characterized. The explant cultures contained cardiac stem cells (c-kit(+); ≈ 4%), microvascular cells (endothelial cells and pericytes), fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts. It was demonstrated that culturing of cardiac cells in cardiospheres did not promote enrichment of the cell culture with stem cells. MACS-sorted c-kit(+) cells from the explant culture were characterized by limited proliferative capacity and were capable of cardiomyogenic differentiation. The presence of microvascular cells determined general angiogenic potential of the culture.

Characteristics of induced human pluripotent stem cells using DNA microarray technology.

We performed transcriptome analysis of some human induced pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and human somatic cells using DNA microarrays. PluriTest bioinformatic system was used for evaluation of cell pluripotency. Changes in the genome structure and status of X-chromosome gene expression was analyzed using microarray technology.

Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line ICGi030-A from a Wilson's disease patient carrying a frameshift mutation p.Lys1013fs and missense mutation p.H1069Q in the ATP7B gene.

Wilson's disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of copper metabolism. The copper accumulation in the viscera appears due to the functional impairment of copper-transporting ATPase, which is encoded by the ATP7B gene. In this study, PBMCs of a patient with two ATP7B mutations were reprogrammed. The first mutation is a missense mutation p.H1069Q, which is the most frequent mutation in the human population. At the same time, the second one is a frameshift mutation p.Lys1013fs. The generated iPSC line had a normal karyotype, maintained the original genotype, expressed pluripotency markers, and demonstrated the ability to differentiate into derivatives of the three germ layers.

[Comparative analysis of the DXPas34 regulatory region in rodents].

Mouse X chromosome inactivation center contains the DXPas34 minisatellite locus which plays an important role in expression regulation of the Tsix and Xist genes, involved into female dosage compensation. Comparative analysis of the DXPas34 locus from mouse, rat, and four common vole species revealed similar organization of this region in the form of tandem repeat blocks. A search for functionally important elements in this locus showed that all the species examined carried the conservative motif monomers, which could be involved in regulation of X inactivation.

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cell lines ICGi021-A and ICGi022-A from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of two healthy individuals from Siberian population.

ICGi021-A and ICGi022-A iPSC lines were obtained by reprogramming PBMCs of two healthy women of the Siberian population using episomal non-integrating vectors expressing Yamanaka factors. iPSC lines expressed pluripotency markers, had a normal karyotype and demonstrated the ability to differentiate into derivatives of the three germ layers. Clinical exome sequencing data of the original biosamples of the donors are available in the NCBI SRA database. The generated cell lines are useful as "healthy" control in biomedical studies.

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cell line ICGi018-A from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a patient with Huntington's disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease caused by CAG repeat expansion in the HTT gene. HD patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent an excellent model for the disease study. We generated iPSC line from blood mononuclear cells of HD patient with 38 CAG repeats in the HTT exon 1 using integration free episomal plasmids expressing Yamanaka factors. The iPSC line retained the disease causing mutation and expressed pluripotency markers. It also displayed a normal karyotype and the ability to differentiate into derivatives of three germ layers.

Generation of two induced pluripotent stem cell lines from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a patient with Wilson's disease.

Wilson's disease is an inherited disorder associated with copper accumulation in the liver, brain and other vital organs. Wilson's disease is caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene. Over 300 mutations of ATP7B have been described. Despite the disease is autosomal recessive, the patient whose PBMCs were reprogrammed in the study harbours heterozygous mutation c.3207C > A (p.H1069Q). Detailed analysis of the ATP7B complete gene sequencing data has not revealed other known disease associated mutation. The generated iPSC lines maintained the original genotype, expressed pluripotency markers, had normal karyotype and demonstrated the ability to differentiate into derivatives of the three germ layers.

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cell line, ICGi007-A, by reprogramming peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a patient with Huntington's disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease caused by mutation in the HTT gene encoding HTT protein. The mutant protein leads to the neuronal death through dysregulation of multiple cellular processes. HD human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a useful and valid model for the disease study. iPSC line from HD patient with 47 CAG repeats in HTT was generated from blood mononuclear cells by non-integrating episomal vectors. The iPSC line retained the mutation, expressed pluripotency markers, had a normal karyotype and displayed in vitro differentiation to the three germ layers. Resource table.

Derivation of induced pluripotent stem cells from fetal human skin fibroblasts.

The isolation and study of autologous human stem cells remain among the most urgent problems in cell biology and biomedicine to date. Induced pluripotent stem cells can be derived from human somatic cells by the overexpression of a number of genes. In this study we reprogrammed fetal human skin fibroblasts by transduction with retroviral vectors carrying murine Oct4 , Sox2 , Klf4 , and c-Myc cDNAs. As a result, cells with the protein expression and gene transcription pattern characteristic of human embryonic stem cells were derived. These induced pluripotent cells are capable of differentiation in vitro into the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm derivatives.