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SAR QSAR Environ Res ; 35(5): 391-410, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38769919

RESUMO

Alpinia officinarum is a commonly used spice with proven folk uses in various traditional medicines. In the current study, six compounds were isolated from its rhizomes, compounds 1-3 were identified as diarylheptanoids, while 4-6 were identified as flavonoids and phenolic acids. The isolated compounds were subjected to virtual screening against α-glucosidase, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes to evaluate their potential antidiabetic and anti-Alzheimer's activities. Molecular docking and dynamics studies revealed that 3 exhibited a strong binding affinity to human a α- glucosidase crystal structure compared to acarbose. Furthermore, 2 and 5 demonstrated high potency against AChE. The virtual screening results were further supported by in vitro assays, which assessed the compounds' effects on α-glucosidase, cholinesterases, and their antioxidant activities. 5-Hydroxy-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-phenylheptan-3-one (2) showed potent antioxidant effect in both ABTs and ORAC assays, while p-hydroxy cinnamic acid (6) was the most potent in the ORAC assay. In contrary, kaempferide (4) and galangin (5) showed the most potent effect in metal chelation assay. 5-Hydroxy-1,7-diphenylhepta-4,6-dien-3-one (3) and 6 revealed the most potent effect as α-glucosidase inhibitors where compound 3 showed more potent effect compared to acarbose. Galangin (5) revealed a higher selectivity to BChE, while 2 showed the most potent activity to (AChE).


Assuntos
Acetilcolinesterase , Alpinia , Antioxidantes , Butirilcolinesterase , Inibidores da Colinesterase , Inibidores de Glicosídeo Hidrolases , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Rizoma , Alpinia/química , Inibidores da Colinesterase/farmacologia , Inibidores da Colinesterase/química , Inibidores da Colinesterase/isolamento & purificação , Inibidores de Glicosídeo Hidrolases/farmacologia , Inibidores de Glicosídeo Hidrolases/química , Inibidores de Glicosídeo Hidrolases/isolamento & purificação , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Rizoma/química , Butirilcolinesterase/metabolismo , Acetilcolinesterase/metabolismo , alfa-Glucosidases/metabolismo , Relação Quantitativa Estrutura-Atividade , Flavonoides/química , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Flavonoides/isolamento & purificação , Hidroxibenzoatos/farmacologia , Hidroxibenzoatos/química , Hidroxibenzoatos/isolamento & purificação , Humanos
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